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Pinion

Pinus edulis · Pinaceae · all Pinus records

Your local evidence lens

Separate evidence questions, never one approval badge

Set a ZIP to compare this record with state distribution, native range, USDA hardiness, and invasive records.

A genus split is not a placement verdict. Set a ZIP to read the local documented split.

1. Fire evidence and conditions

Fire evidence: Mixed evidence — location does not change the cited classification.
Fire-performance conditions: 1 condition stated in cited fire-evidence rows.
Fire ecology context: No section-reviewed fire-ecology context is normalized.
Placement evidence: 0 source placement records; source schemes remain separate.
Evidence regions: Colorado, California, and northeastern United States; Global
Maintenance: No sourced horticultural maintenance assertion is normalized; fire-test conditions do not supply maintenance advice.

2. Why this plant is relevant here

State distribution: Documented in AZ, CA, CO, NM, NV, OK, TX, UT, WY.
Native range: Current cited native range in AZ, CA, CO, NM, OK, TX, UT, WY.
Introduced / established: No introduced or established row is normalized; that does not prove native status.
USDA hardiness: Documented minimum 3b; no upper limit is documented.

3. Legal, ecological, and broader status

Legal-list status: Set a location for an exact legal-list result; source silence is not clearance.
Seed-list status: Set a location to compare the separate state noxious-weed seed layer.
Reported invasive here: No ecological invasive report is normalized; that does not prove noninvasiveness.
Broader regional context: Aggregate AK, HI, and L48 evidence is shown only as regional context, never as an exact-state finding.
Federal context: Federal designations remain separate from state legal-list results.

How to read this page

The status above is computed from the cited rows below: independent recommendations can support a fire-resistant result, an avoid row can produce keep-away, and disagreement stays visible as conflict. Placement notes preserve each source’s own scheme rather than translating unlike rules into one scale. This is evidence about a plant, not permission to plant it in every part of the defensible space; Zone 0 remains noncombustible.

Pinion (Pinus edulis) — Photo: (c) Zach Earl, some rights reserved (CC BY) (CC BY), via iNaturalist. Species-typical, not necessarily this cultivar.

Form: tree
USDA hardiness: Minimum 3b; upper limit not documented
Mature height: ~50 ft
Water need: low
Current cited native range: AZ, CA, CO, NM, OK, TX, UT, WY
Grows in: AZ, CA, CO, NM, NV, OK, TX, UT +1
Rated in: Colorado, California, and northeastern United States; Global
Family: Pinaceae
Evidence: 8 cited sources

Native and introduced range evidence

These are exact U.S. botanical-area records from the cited range source. Native and introduced describe biogeographic relationship, not fire performance or planting approval. Doubtful and extinct rows stay visible but do not count as current presence.

Current native

8

exact source areas

Current introduced

0

exact source areas

Qualified

0

doubtful or extinct source rows

8 native source areas · World Checklist of Vascular Plants, version 16 v16, as of 2026-06-04

Arizona (AZ)
California (CA)
Colorado (CO)
New Mexico (NM)
Oklahoma (OK)
Texas (TX)
Utah (UT)
Wyoming (WY)

The lossless worldwide derivative is retained once in the research corpus; object pages repeat only exact U.S. areas needed by the local lens. The JSON twin carries the same page assertions.

Plant hardiness evidence

These values describe the plant source. Your ZIP zone comes from the separate 2023 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map. Whole-zone values stay whole-zone, and a single unresolved value is not treated as a tolerance range. Different source boundaries stay separate: overlapping statements are compared independently, while only ranges with no shared zone are called a conflict.

USDA PLANTS Database — Plant Characteristics · record PIED · PLANTS Help Document 2022; characteristics cache retrieved 2026-08-23 · as of 2026-08-26

Minimum 3b · no upper limit documented · half zone precision · derived containing band

Exact source measurement: -31°F; mapped only to its containing half-zone.

Source taxon: Pinus edulis · source identifier match.

Source location: PlantCharacteristics record 15449, Temperature, Minimum (°F).

Conditions in the fire evidence

These describe tested or rated plant material. They are not horticultural maintenance instructions.

green: Cone calorimeter testing of vegetation — an update evidence row

The evidence

Grouped by what each source concluded. Primary evidence rated the plant itself (a lab, field program, or original curation); corroboration compiled or republished another source's rating and resolves to its root lineage.

Mid-scale / conditional (1)

Cone calorimeter testing of vegetation — an update — USDA Forest Service (White, Weise, Mackes & Dibble) · 2002 · original source Primary evidence Lab-tested lineage: usfs-fpl-cone-tree

“Measured; not in an author-named high or low relative-flammability group” · score 117 (green-PHRR-kW-m2) · condition: green

Table 4 reports 159% foliage moisture, green-sample PHRR 117 kW/m2, and dry-sample EHOC 16.7 MJ/kg.

Listed without a rating (7)

FLAMITS: FLAMmability plant traiTS database — Dryad / Global Ecology and Biogeography · Dryad version 9 · original source Corroboration Trait database lineage: meta-aggregator

7 cited rows from this source; its identity, lineage and tier are stated once.
- “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 117” · score 117 (FLAMITS — maximum energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 14138; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site White2002-2; sampling ND. Primary study White2002: White, R. H., Weise, D. R., Mackes, K., & Dibble, A. C. (2002). Cone calorimeter testing of vegetation--an update. Ninth International Conference on Electrical and Electronic Products. Columbus, Ohio, USA.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 3988.73” · score 3988.73 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 14191; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site White2002-2; sampling ND. Primary study White2002: White, R. H., Weise, D. R., Mackes, K., & Dibble, A. C. (2002). Cone calorimeter testing of vegetation--an update. Ninth International Conference on Electrical and Electronic Products. Columbus, Ohio, USA.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 3988.73” · score 3988.73 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 14282; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site White2002-2; sampling ND. Primary study White2002: White, R. H., Weise, D. R., Mackes, K., & Dibble, A. C. (2002). Cone calorimeter testing of vegetation--an update. Ninth International Conference on Electrical and Electronic Products. Columbus, Ohio, USA.
- “flame height (cm): 40” · score 40 (FLAMITS — flame height (cm))
  
  FLAMITS record 15681; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Varner2022-11; sampling ND. Primary study Varner2022: Varner, J. M., Shearman, T. M., Kane, J. M., Banwell, E., Jules, E., & Stambaugh, M. (2022). Understanding flammability and bark thickness in the genus Pinus using a phylogenetic approach. Scientific Reports, 12, 7384.
- “flaming duration (s): 253.9” · score 253.9 (FLAMITS — flaming duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 15682; Sustainability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Varner2022-11; sampling ND. Primary study Varner2022: Varner, J. M., Shearman, T. M., Kane, J. M., Banwell, E., Jules, E., & Stambaugh, M. (2022). Understanding flammability and bark thickness in the genus Pinus using a phylogenetic approach. Scientific Reports, 12, 7384.
- “smouldering duration (s): 588.3” · score 588.3 (FLAMITS — smouldering duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 15683; Sustainability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Varner2022-11; sampling ND. Primary study Varner2022: Varner, J. M., Shearman, T. M., Kane, J. M., Banwell, E., Jules, E., & Stambaugh, M. (2022). Understanding flammability and bark thickness in the genus Pinus using a phylogenetic approach. Scientific Reports, 12, 7384.
- “burnt biomass (%): 62.2” · score 62.2 (FLAMITS — burnt biomass (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 15684; Consumability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Varner2022-11; sampling ND. Primary study Varner2022: Varner, J. M., Shearman, T. M., Kane, J. M., Banwell, E., Jules, E., & Stambaugh, M. (2022). Understanding flammability and bark thickness in the genus Pinus using a phylogenetic approach. Scientific Reports, 12, 7384.

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Last verified 2026-08-23. JSON (CC BY 4.0)

Profiles: USDA PLANTS · GBIF · iNaturalist · Wikidata · ITIS

Pinus edulis (Pinion). FireApproved. https://fireapproved.com/plants/pinus-edulis/. Last verified 2026-08-23.