Home / Plants / Grow / Pinus brutia

Pinus brutia

Pinus brutia · Pinaceae · all Pinus records

Your local evidence lens

Separate evidence questions, never one approval badge

Set a ZIP to compare this record with state distribution, native range, USDA hardiness, and invasive records.

A genus split is not a placement verdict. Set a ZIP to read the local documented split.

1. Fire evidence and conditions

Fire evidence: Mixed evidence — location does not change the cited classification.
Fire-performance conditions: No test or rating condition is normalized.
Fire ecology context: No section-reviewed fire-ecology context is normalized.
Placement evidence: 1 source placement record; source schemes remain separate.
Evidence regions: Global; Greece
Maintenance: No sourced horticultural maintenance assertion is normalized; fire-test conditions do not supply maintenance advice.

2. Why this plant is relevant here

State distribution: No state distribution is normalized.
Native range: No current cited or legacy state native range is normalized.
Introduced / established: 1 sourced range or established record; set a location to match them. This is not an invasive warning.
USDA hardiness: No hardiness value is normalized.

3. Legal, ecological, and broader status

Legal-list status: Set a location for an exact legal-list result; source silence is not clearance.
Seed-list status: Set a location to compare the separate state noxious-weed seed layer.
Reported invasive here: No ecological invasive report is normalized; that does not prove noninvasiveness.
Broader regional context: Aggregate AK, HI, and L48 evidence is shown only as regional context, never as an exact-state finding.
Federal context: Federal designations remain separate from state legal-list results.

How to read this page

The status above is computed from the cited rows below: independent recommendations can support a fire-resistant result, an avoid row can produce keep-away, and disagreement stays visible as conflict. Placement notes preserve each source’s own scheme rather than translating unlike rules into one scale. This is evidence about a plant, not permission to plant it in every part of the defensible space; Zone 0 remains noncombustible.

Form: tree
Region: Greece; Morocco; Turkey
Rated in: Global; Greece
Family: Pinaceae
Evidence: 38 cited sources

Where its sources say to plant it

Placement rules below use each source's own distances or named zones, tied to its rating. They are not interchangeable with the directory's current Zone 0 guidance.

Κανονισμός Πυροπροστασίας Ακινήτων εντός ή πλησίον δασικώ…: section 5.4.2, Table 2δi [greece-2023-particularly-flammable] (with its avoid rating)

The evidence

Grouped by what each source concluded. Primary evidence rated the plant itself (a lab, field program, or original curation); corroboration compiled or republished another source's rating and resolves to its root lineage.

Avoids (1)

Κανονισμός Πυροπροστασίας Ακινήτων εντός ή πλησίον δασικών εκτάσεων — Hellenic Ministry of Environment and Energy · FEK B 3475/2023 · original source Corroboration Regulation

“ΙΔΙΑΙΤΕΡΑ ΕΥΦΛΕΚΤΑ ΕΝΔΗΜΙΚΑ ΦΥΤΑ — Pinus brutia”

The regulation prints this taxon in its table of particularly flammable endemic trees and shrubs.

Listed without a rating (37)

FLAMITS: FLAMmability plant traiTS database — Dryad / Global Ecology and Biogeography · Dryad version 9 · original source Corroboration Trait database lineage: meta-aggregator

37 cited rows from this source; its identity, lineage and tier are stated once.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4928.29” · score 4928.29 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 2959; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Dimitrakopoulos2001-1; sampling december. Primary study Dimitrakopoulos2001: Dimitrakopoulos, A. P., & Panov, P. I. (2001). Pyric properties of some dominant Mediterranean vegetation species. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 10, 23-27.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4608.03” · score 4608.03 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 2965; Combustibility measurement; plant part stems; fuel dead; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Dimitrakopoulos2001-1; sampling december. Primary study Dimitrakopoulos2001: Dimitrakopoulos, A. P., & Panov, P. I. (2001). Pyric properties of some dominant Mediterranean vegetation species. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 10, 23-27.
- “time to flaming (s): 21.79” · score 21.79 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 2982; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Dimitrakopoulos2011-1; sampling summer. Primary study Dimitrakopoulos2011: Dimitrakopoulos, A. P., Mitsopoulos, I. D., & Kaliva, A. (2011). Short communication. Comparing flammability traits among fire-stricken (low elevation) and non fire- stricken (high elevation) conifer forest species of Europe: a test of the Mutch hypothesis. Forest Systems, 22, 134-137.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4665.15” · score 4665.15 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 2992; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Dimitrakopoulos2011-1; sampling summer. Primary study Dimitrakopoulos2011: Dimitrakopoulos, A. P., Mitsopoulos, I. D., & Kaliva, A. (2011). Short communication. Comparing flammability traits among fire-stricken (low elevation) and non fire- stricken (high elevation) conifer forest species of Europe: a test of the Mutch hypothesis. Forest Systems, 22, 134-137.
- “temperature at flaming (°C): 213.5” · score 213.5 (FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C))
  
  FLAMITS record 3002; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Dimitrakopoulos2011-1; sampling summer. Primary study Dimitrakopoulos2011: Dimitrakopoulos, A. P., Mitsopoulos, I. D., & Kaliva, A. (2011). Short communication. Comparing flammability traits among fire-stricken (low elevation) and non fire- stricken (high elevation) conifer forest species of Europe: a test of the Mutch hypothesis. Forest Systems, 22, 134-137.
- “time to flaming (s): 6.8” · score 6.8 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 4715; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Hachmi2011-1; sampling ND. Primary study Hachmi2011: Hachmi, M. H., Sesbou, A., Benjelloun, H., El Handouz, N., & Bouanane, F. (2011). A Simple Technique to Estimate the Flammability Index of Moroccan Forest Fuels. Journal of Combustion, 2011, 1-11.
- “flame height (cm): 17” · score 17 (FLAMITS — flame height (cm))
  
  FLAMITS record 4765; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Hachmi2011-1; sampling ND. Primary study Hachmi2011: Hachmi, M. H., Sesbou, A., Benjelloun, H., El Handouz, N., & Bouanane, F. (2011). A Simple Technique to Estimate the Flammability Index of Moroccan Forest Fuels. Journal of Combustion, 2011, 1-11.
- “burning duration (s): 12.7” · score 12.7 (FLAMITS — burning duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 4766; Sustainability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Hachmi2011-1; sampling ND. Primary study Hachmi2011: Hachmi, M. H., Sesbou, A., Benjelloun, H., El Handouz, N., & Bouanane, F. (2011). A Simple Technique to Estimate the Flammability Index of Moroccan Forest Fuels. Journal of Combustion, 2011, 1-11.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 5109.94” · score 5109.94 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 6550; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Liodakis2002-1; sampling january. Primary study Liodakis2002: Liodakis, S., Bakirtzis, D., & Lois, E. (2002). TG and autoignition studies on forest fuels. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 69, 519-528.
- “time to flaming (s): 50” · score 50 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6569; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device muffle furnace; site Liodakis2002-1; sampling january. Primary study Liodakis2002: Liodakis, S., Bakirtzis, D., & Lois, E. (2002). TG and autoignition studies on forest fuels. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 69, 519-528.
- “time to flaming (s): 39” · score 39 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6570; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device muffle furnace; site Liodakis2002-1; sampling january. Primary study Liodakis2002: Liodakis, S., Bakirtzis, D., & Lois, E. (2002). TG and autoignition studies on forest fuels. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 69, 519-528.
- “time to flaming (s): 33” · score 33 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6571; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device muffle furnace; site Liodakis2002-1; sampling january. Primary study Liodakis2002: Liodakis, S., Bakirtzis, D., & Lois, E. (2002). TG and autoignition studies on forest fuels. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 69, 519-528.
- “time to flaming (s): 31” · score 31 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6572; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device muffle furnace; site Liodakis2002-1; sampling january. Primary study Liodakis2002: Liodakis, S., Bakirtzis, D., & Lois, E. (2002). TG and autoignition studies on forest fuels. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 69, 519-528.
- “time to flaming (s): 25” · score 25 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6573; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device muffle furnace; site Liodakis2002-1; sampling january. Primary study Liodakis2002: Liodakis, S., Bakirtzis, D., & Lois, E. (2002). TG and autoignition studies on forest fuels. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 69, 519-528.
- “time to flaming (s): 21” · score 21 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6574; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device muffle furnace; site Liodakis2002-1; sampling january. Primary study Liodakis2002: Liodakis, S., Bakirtzis, D., & Lois, E. (2002). TG and autoignition studies on forest fuels. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 69, 519-528.
- “time to flaming (s): 18” · score 18 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6575; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device muffle furnace; site Liodakis2002-1; sampling january. Primary study Liodakis2002: Liodakis, S., Bakirtzis, D., & Lois, E. (2002). TG and autoignition studies on forest fuels. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 69, 519-528.
- “time to flaming (s): 17” · score 17 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6576; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device muffle furnace; site Liodakis2002-1; sampling january. Primary study Liodakis2002: Liodakis, S., Bakirtzis, D., & Lois, E. (2002). TG and autoignition studies on forest fuels. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 69, 519-528.
- “time to flaming (s): 14” · score 14 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6577; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device muffle furnace; site Liodakis2002-1; sampling january. Primary study Liodakis2002: Liodakis, S., Bakirtzis, D., & Lois, E. (2002). TG and autoignition studies on forest fuels. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 69, 519-528.
- “time to flaming (s): 13” · score 13 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6578; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device muffle furnace; site Liodakis2002-1; sampling january. Primary study Liodakis2002: Liodakis, S., Bakirtzis, D., & Lois, E. (2002). TG and autoignition studies on forest fuels. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 69, 519-528.
- “time to flaming (s): 10” · score 10 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6579; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device muffle furnace; site Liodakis2002-1; sampling january. Primary study Liodakis2002: Liodakis, S., Bakirtzis, D., & Lois, E. (2002). TG and autoignition studies on forest fuels. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 69, 519-528.
- “time to flaming (s): 9.5” · score 9.5 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6580; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device muffle furnace; site Liodakis2002-1; sampling january. Primary study Liodakis2002: Liodakis, S., Bakirtzis, D., & Lois, E. (2002). TG and autoignition studies on forest fuels. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 69, 519-528.
- “burnt biomass (%): 65.5” · score 65.5 (FLAMITS — burnt biomass (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 6669; Consumability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device thermal analyzer; site Liodakis2002-1; sampling january. Primary study Liodakis2002: Liodakis, S., Bakirtzis, D., & Lois, E. (2002). TG and autoignition studies on forest fuels. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 69, 519-528.
- “burnt biomass (%): 75.38” · score 75.38 (FLAMITS — burnt biomass (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 6675; Consumability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device thermal analyzer; site Liodakis2002-1; sampling january. Primary study Liodakis2002: Liodakis, S., Bakirtzis, D., & Lois, E. (2002). TG and autoignition studies on forest fuels. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 69, 519-528.
- “maximum sample temperature (°C): 472” · score 472 (FLAMITS — maximum sample temperature (°C))
  
  FLAMITS record 6680; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device muffle furnace; site Liodakis2005-1; sampling ND. Primary study Liodakis2005: Liodakis, S., Vorisis, D., & Agiovlasitis, I. (2005). A method for measuring the relative particle fire hazard properties of forest species. Thermochimica Acta, 437, 150-157.
- “temperature at flaming (°C): 242” · score 242 (FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C))
  
  FLAMITS record 6686; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device muffle furnace; site Liodakis2005-1; sampling ND. Primary study Liodakis2005: Liodakis, S., Vorisis, D., & Agiovlasitis, I. (2005). A method for measuring the relative particle fire hazard properties of forest species. Thermochimica Acta, 437, 150-157.
- “burning duration (s): 2232” · score 2232 (FLAMITS — burning duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6692; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device muffle furnace; site Liodakis2005-1; sampling ND. Primary study Liodakis2005: Liodakis, S., Vorisis, D., & Agiovlasitis, I. (2005). A method for measuring the relative particle fire hazard properties of forest species. Thermochimica Acta, 437, 150-157.
- “time to flaming (s): 26604” · score 26604 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6698; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device muffle furnace; site Liodakis2005-1; sampling ND. Primary study Liodakis2005: Liodakis, S., Vorisis, D., & Agiovlasitis, I. (2005). A method for measuring the relative particle fire hazard properties of forest species. Thermochimica Acta, 437, 150-157.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4941.92” · score 4941.92 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 6704; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Liodakis2005-1; sampling ND. Primary study Liodakis2005: Liodakis, S., Vorisis, D., & Agiovlasitis, I. (2005). A method for measuring the relative particle fire hazard properties of forest species. Thermochimica Acta, 437, 150-157.
- “time to flaming (s): 923” · score 923 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 9214; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device muffle furnace; site Michelaki2020-8; sampling spring. Primary study Michelaki2020: Michelaki, C., Fyllas, N. M., Galanidis, A., Aloupi, M., Evangelou, E., Arianoutsou, M., & Dimitrakopoulos, P. G. (2020). Adaptive flammability syndromes in thermo-Mediterranean vegetation, captured by alternative resource-use strategies. Science of The Total Environment, 718, 137437.
- “burning duration (s): 364” · score 364 (FLAMITS — burning duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 9215; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device muffle furnace; site Michelaki2020-8; sampling spring. Primary study Michelaki2020: Michelaki, C., Fyllas, N. M., Galanidis, A., Aloupi, M., Evangelou, E., Arianoutsou, M., & Dimitrakopoulos, P. G. (2020). Adaptive flammability syndromes in thermo-Mediterranean vegetation, captured by alternative resource-use strategies. Science of The Total Environment, 718, 137437.
- “mass loss rate (g/s): 0” · score 0 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s))
  
  FLAMITS record 9216; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device muffle furnace; site Michelaki2020-8; sampling spring. Primary study Michelaki2020: Michelaki, C., Fyllas, N. M., Galanidis, A., Aloupi, M., Evangelou, E., Arianoutsou, M., & Dimitrakopoulos, P. G. (2020). Adaptive flammability syndromes in thermo-Mediterranean vegetation, captured by alternative resource-use strategies. Science of The Total Environment, 718, 137437.
- “estimated burnt biomass (%): 94.6” · score 94.6 (FLAMITS — estimated burnt biomass (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 9217; Consumability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device muffle furnace; site Michelaki2020-8; sampling spring. Primary study Michelaki2020: Michelaki, C., Fyllas, N. M., Galanidis, A., Aloupi, M., Evangelou, E., Arianoutsou, M., & Dimitrakopoulos, P. G. (2020). Adaptive flammability syndromes in thermo-Mediterranean vegetation, captured by alternative resource-use strategies. Science of The Total Environment, 718, 137437.
- “temperature at flaming (°C): 305.1” · score 305.1 (FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C))
  
  FLAMITS record 16620; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Guney2022-1; sampling may and september 2017. Primary study Guney2022: Güney, C. O., Sar?, A., Cekim, H. O., Küçüksille, E. U., ?entürk, Ö., Gülsoy, S., & Özkan, K. (2022). An advanced approach for leaf flammability index estimation. International journal of wildland fire, 31, 277-290.
- “time to flaming (s): 20.6” · score 20.6 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 16621; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Guney2022-1; sampling may and september 2017. Primary study Guney2022: Güney, C. O., Sar?, A., Cekim, H. O., Küçüksille, E. U., ?entürk, Ö., Gülsoy, S., & Özkan, K. (2022). An advanced approach for leaf flammability index estimation. International journal of wildland fire, 31, 277-290.
- “flame height (cm): 55.5” · score 55.5 (FLAMITS — flame height (cm))
  
  FLAMITS record 16622; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Guney2022-1; sampling may and september 2017. Primary study Guney2022: Güney, C. O., Sar?, A., Cekim, H. O., Küçüksille, E. U., ?entürk, Ö., Gülsoy, S., & Özkan, K. (2022). An advanced approach for leaf flammability index estimation. International journal of wildland fire, 31, 277-290.
- “burning duration (s): 16.1” · score 16.1 (FLAMITS — burning duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 16623; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Guney2022-1; sampling may and september 2017. Primary study Guney2022: Güney, C. O., Sar?, A., Cekim, H. O., Küçüksille, E. U., ?entürk, Ö., Gülsoy, S., & Özkan, K. (2022). An advanced approach for leaf flammability index estimation. International journal of wildland fire, 31, 277-290.
- “burnt biomass (%): 5.7” · score 5.7 (FLAMITS — burnt biomass (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 16624; Consumability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Guney2022-1; sampling may and september 2017. Primary study Guney2022: Güney, C. O., Sar?, A., Cekim, H. O., Küçüksille, E. U., ?entürk, Ö., Gülsoy, S., & Özkan, K. (2022). An advanced approach for leaf flammability index estimation. International journal of wildland fire, 31, 277-290.

Fire-resistant trees instead

Post oak
Quercus stellata

Red oak
Quercus rubra

Gambel Oak
Quercus gambelii

Basswood
Tilia americana

Oak
Quercus spp.

Dahurian larch
Larix gmelinii

Last verified 2026-08-25. JSON (CC BY 4.0)

Profiles: GBIF ·

Pinus brutia (Pinus brutia). FireApproved. https://fireapproved.com/plants/pinus-brutia/. Last verified 2026-08-25.