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common gum cistus

Cistus ladanifer · Cistaceae · all Cistus records · also called Cistus ladanifer · Wikipedia

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Form
shrub
Rated in
Global
On this lot

1. Fire evidence and conditions

Fire evidence
Mixed evidence — location does not change the cited classification.
Evidence regions
Global

2. Why this plant is relevant here

State distribution
Documented in CA.
Introduced / established
2 sourced range or established records. This is not an invasive warning.

3. Legal, ecological, and broader status

How to read this page

The status above is computed from the cited rows below: independent recommendations can support a fire-resistant result, an avoid row can produce keep-away, and disagreement stays visible as conflict. Placement notes preserve each source’s own scheme rather than translating unlike rules into one scale. This is evidence about a plant, not permission to plant it in every part of the defensible space; Zone 0 remains noncombustible.

Native and introduced range evidence

These are exact U.S. botanical-area records from the cited range source. Native and introduced describe biogeographic relationship, not fire performance or planting approval. Doubtful and extinct rows stay visible but do not count as current presence.

Current native

0

exact source areas

Current introduced

1

exact source area

Qualified

0

doubtful or extinct source rows

1 introduced source area · World Checklist of Vascular Plants, version 16 v16, as of 2026-06-04
  • California (CA)

The lossless worldwide derivative is retained once in the research corpus; object pages repeat only exact U.S. areas needed by the local lens. The JSON twin carries the same page assertions.

The evidence

Grouped by what each source concluded. Primary evidence rated the plant itself (a lab, field program, or original curation); corroboration compiled or republished another source's rating and resolves to its root lineage.

Listed without a rating (54)
Corroboration (54 rows from 1 source)

  • FLAMITS: FLAMmability plant traiTS database — Dryad / Global Ecology and Biogeography · Dryad version 9 · original source Corroboration Trait database lineage: meta-aggregator

    54 cited rows from this source; its identity, lineage and tier are stated once.

    • “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4652.72”

      FLAMITS record 3934; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Gillon1997-1; sampling june to september. Primary study Gillon1997: Gillon, D., Hernando, C., Valette, J.-C., & Joffre, R. (1997). Fast estimation of the calorific values of forest fuels by near infrared-reflectance spectroscopy. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 27, 760-765.

    • Primary study Hachmi2011: Hachmi, M. H., Sesbou, A., Benjelloun, H., El Handouz, N., & Bouanane, F. (2011). A Simple Technique to Estimate the Flammability Index of Moroccan Forest Fuels. Journal of Combustion, 2011, 1-11.

      Shared row context: plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Hachmi2011-1; sampling ND.

      • Shared measurement context: Ignitability measurement.

        • “time to flaming (s): 12.2”

          FLAMITS record 4702.

        • “flammability value: 2.14”

          FLAMITS record 4799.

      • “flame height (cm): 11”

        FLAMITS record 4739; Combustibility measurement.

      • “burning duration (s): 15”

        FLAMITS record 4740; Sustainability measurement.

    • Primary study Henaoui2013: Henaoui, S. E. -A., Bouazza, M., & Amara, M. (2013). The fire risk of the plant groupings with Cistus in the area of Tlemcen (Western Algeria). European Scientific Journal, 9, 84-103.

      Shared row context: plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device infrared burner; site Henaoui2013-1; sampling spring.

      • “flame height (cm): 20.19”

        FLAMITS record 4867; Combustibility measurement.

      • “time to flaming (s): 17”

        FLAMITS record 4905; Ignitability measurement.

      • “burning duration (s): 92.04”

        FLAMITS record 4943; Sustainability measurement.

    • Primary study Madrigal2011a: Madrigal, J., Guijarro, M., Hernando, C., Díez, C., & Marino, E. (2011a). Effective Heat of Combustion for Flaming Combustion of Mediterranean Forest Fuels. Fire Technology, 47, 461-474.

      Shared row context: plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Madrigal2011a-1; sampling ND.

      • “flaming duration (s): 65”

        FLAMITS record 7320; Sustainability measurement.

      • Shared measurement context: Combustibility measurement.

        • “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 390”

          FLAMITS record 7340.

        • “mass loss rate (g/s): 0.05”

          FLAMITS record 7380.

        • “total heat release (MJ/m²): 23.93”

          FLAMITS record 7400.

      • “time to flaming (s): 12”

        FLAMITS record 7360; Ignitability measurement.

    • Primary study Ormeno2009: Ormeno, E., Cespedes, B., Sanchez, I.A., Velasco-Garcia, A., Moreno, J.M., Fernandez, C., & Baldy, V. (2009). The relationship between terpenes and flammability of leaf litter. Forest Ecology and Management, 257, 471-482.

      Shared row context: plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Ormeno2009-3; sampling june.

      • “time to flaming (s): 3.28”

        FLAMITS record 9896; Ignitability measurement.

      • “burning duration (s): 16.25”

        FLAMITS record 9902; Sustainability measurement.

    • Primary study Weise2005: Weise, D. R., White, R. H., Beall, F. C., & Etlinger, M. (2005). Use of the cone calorimeter to detect seasonal differences in selected combustion characteristics of ornamental vegetation. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 14, 321-338.

      Shared row context: plant part leaves; fuel live; device calorimeter; site Weise2005-1.

      • “time to flaming (s): 121”

        FLAMITS record 13764; Ignitability measurement; predrying no; sampling august.

      • “time to flaming (s): 136”

        FLAMITS record 13765; Ignitability measurement; predrying no; sampling december.

      • “time to flaming (s): 250”

        FLAMITS record 13766; Ignitability measurement; predrying no; sampling may.

      • Shared measurement context: Combustibility measurement; predrying yes; sampling august.

        • “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 152”

          FLAMITS record 13791.

        • “calorific value (kcal/kg): 3487.15”

          FLAMITS record 13829.

      • Shared measurement context: Combustibility measurement; predrying yes; sampling december.

        • “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 159”

          FLAMITS record 13792.

        • “calorific value (kcal/kg): 3726”

          FLAMITS record 13830.

      • Shared measurement context: Combustibility measurement; predrying yes; sampling march.

        • “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 219”

          FLAMITS record 13793.

        • “calorific value (kcal/kg): 3893.19”

          FLAMITS record 13831.

      • Shared measurement context: Combustibility measurement; predrying yes; sampling may.

        • “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 131”

          FLAMITS record 13794.

        • “calorific value (kcal/kg): 3152.77”

          FLAMITS record 13832.

      • Shared measurement context: Combustibility measurement; predrying no; sampling august.

        • “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 37”

          FLAMITS record 13867.

        • “calorific value (kcal/kg): 1170.34”

          FLAMITS record 13905.

      • Shared measurement context: Combustibility measurement; predrying no; sampling december.

        • “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 60”

          FLAMITS record 13868.

        • “calorific value (kcal/kg): 1170.34”

          FLAMITS record 13906.

      • Shared measurement context: Combustibility measurement; predrying no; sampling march.

        • “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 50”

          FLAMITS record 13869.

        • “calorific value (kcal/kg): 931.5”

          FLAMITS record 13907.

      • Shared measurement context: Combustibility measurement; predrying no; sampling may.

        • “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 40”

          FLAMITS record 13870.

        • “calorific value (kcal/kg): 740.42”

          FLAMITS record 13908.

    • Primary study White1996: White, R. H., Weise, D. R., & Frommer, S. (1996). Preliminary evaluation of the flammability of native and ornamental plants with the cone calorimeter. 21st International Conference on Fire Safety. Coimbra, Portugal.

      Shared row context: Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; device calorimeter; site White1996-1; sampling ND.

      • Shared measurement context: predrying no.

        • “energy flux (kW/m²): 4”

          FLAMITS record 13988.

        • “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 52”

          FLAMITS record 14019.

        • “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 67”

          FLAMITS record 14021.

        • “calorific value (kcal/kg): 1815.22”

          FLAMITS record 14022.

        • “calorific value (kcal/kg): 1576.38”

          FLAMITS record 14058.

      • Shared measurement context: predrying yes.

        • “energy flux (kW/m²): 72”

          FLAMITS record 13997.

        • “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 151”

          FLAMITS record 14020.

        • “calorific value (kcal/kg): 3845.41”

          FLAMITS record 14048.

    • Primary study White2002: White, R. H., Weise, D. R., Mackes, K., & Dibble, A. C. (2002). Cone calorimeter testing of vegetation--an update. Ninth International Conference on Electrical and Electronic Products. Columbus, Ohio, USA.

      Shared row context: Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; device calorimeter; site White2002-1.

      • Shared measurement context: predrying yes; sampling august.

        • “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4347”

          FLAMITS record 14160.

        • “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 151”

          FLAMITS record 14213.

      • Shared measurement context: predrying yes; sampling november.

        • “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4633.61”

          FLAMITS record 14161.

        • “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 158”

          FLAMITS record 14214.

      • Shared measurement context: predrying yes; sampling march.

        • “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4394.76”

          FLAMITS record 14162.

        • “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 197”

          FLAMITS record 14215.

      • Shared measurement context: predrying yes; sampling may.

        • “calorific value (kcal/kg): 3558.8”

          FLAMITS record 14163.

        • “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 18”

          FLAMITS record 14216.

      • “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 37”

        FLAMITS record 14251; predrying no; sampling august.

      • “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 60”

        FLAMITS record 14252; predrying no; sampling november.

      • “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 45”

        FLAMITS record 14253; predrying no; sampling march.

      • “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 36”

        FLAMITS record 14254; predrying no; sampling may.

Fire-resistant shrubs instead

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Punica granatum common snowberry
Symphoricarpos albus
Same genus in the directory · the Cistus group page

Last verified 2026-08-25. JSON (CC BY 4.0)

Profiles: USDA PLANTS · GBIF · iNaturalist · Wikidata · Wikipedia · ITIS

Cistus ladanifer (Cistus ladanifer). FireApproved. https://fireapproved.com/plants/cistus-ladanifer/. Last verified 2026-08-25.