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Cistus salviifolius

Cistus salvaefolius (accepted: Cistus salviifolius) · Cistaceae · all Cistus records

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Separate evidence questions, never one approval badge

Set a ZIP to compare this record with state distribution, native range, USDA hardiness, and invasive records.

A genus split is not a placement verdict. Set a ZIP to read the local documented split.

1. Fire evidence and conditions

Fire evidence: Fire-resistant — location does not change the cited classification.
Fire-performance conditions: No test or rating condition is normalized.
Fire ecology context: No section-reviewed fire-ecology context is normalized.
Placement evidence: 1 source placement record; source schemes remain separate.
Evidence regions: California; Global; Mediterranean France / Provence
Maintenance: No sourced horticultural maintenance assertion is normalized; fire-test conditions do not supply maintenance advice.

2. Why this plant is relevant here

State distribution: Documented in CA.
Native range: No current cited or legacy state native range is normalized.
Introduced / established: 1 sourced range or established record; set a location to match them. This is not an invasive warning.
USDA hardiness: No hardiness value is normalized.

3. Legal, ecological, and broader status

Legal-list status: Set a location for an exact legal-list result; source silence is not clearance.
Seed-list status: Set a location to compare the separate state noxious-weed seed layer.
Reported invasive here: No ecological invasive report is normalized; that does not prove noninvasiveness.
Broader regional context: Aggregate AK, HI, and L48 evidence is shown only as regional context, never as an exact-state finding.
Federal context: Federal designations remain separate from state legal-list results.

How to read this page

The status above is computed from the cited rows below: independent recommendations can support a fire-resistant result, an avoid row can produce keep-away, and disagreement stays visible as conflict. Placement notes preserve each source’s own scheme rather than translating unlike rules into one scale. This is evidence about a plant, not permission to plant it in every part of the defensible space; Zone 0 remains noncombustible.

Cistus salviifolius (Cistus salvaefolius) — Photo: (c) zebedeugalinha, some rights reserved (CC BY) (CC BY), via iNaturalist. Species-typical, not necessarily this cultivar.

Form: shrub
Grows in: CA
Rated in: California; Global; Mediterranean France / Provence
Family: Cistaceae
Evidence: 96 cited sources

Where its sources say to plant it

Placement rules below use each source's own distances or named zones, tied to its rating. They are not interchangeable with the directory's current Zone 0 guidance.

Low-volume and slow-burning vegetation for planting on cl…: Table 5: Plants not considered suitable for use to reduce fire hazards [nord-green-brushland-clearing-performance] (mid-scale rating)

The evidence

Grouped by what each source concluded. Primary evidence rated the plant itself (a lab, field program, or original curation); corroboration compiled or republished another source's rating and resolves to its root lineage.

Listed without a rating (95)

Low-volume and slow-burning vegetation for planting on clearings in California chaparral — USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station · PSW-124 · original source Primary evidence Field program

“Plants not considered suitable for use to reduce fire hazards”

Cistus salviifolius: Fine foliage and numerous small twigs; probably as or more flammable than Cistus villosus.
FLAMITS: FLAMmability plant traiTS database — Dryad / Global Ecology and Biogeography · Dryad version 9 · original source Corroboration Trait database lineage: meta-aggregator

94 cited rows from this source; its identity, lineage and tier are stated once.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4553.05” · score 4553.05 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 2971; Combustibility measurement; plant part stems; fuel dead; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Dimitrakopoulos2001-1; sampling december. Primary study Dimitrakopoulos2001: Dimitrakopoulos, A. P., & Panov, P. I. (2001). Pyric properties of some dominant Mediterranean vegetation species. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 10, 23-27.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4457.45” · score 4457.45 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 2975; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Dimitrakopoulos2001-1; sampling december. Primary study Dimitrakopoulos2001: Dimitrakopoulos, A. P., & Panov, P. I. (2001). Pyric properties of some dominant Mediterranean vegetation species. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 10, 23-27.
- “flammability value: 7.95” · score 7.95 (FLAMITS — flammability value)
  
  FLAMITS record 3309; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel all; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Essaghi2017-1; sampling january. Primary study Essaghi2017: Essaghi, S., Hachmi, M. H., Yessef, M., Dehhaoui, M., & El Amarty, F. (2017). Assessment of Flammability of Moroccan Forest Fuels: New Approach to Estimate the Flammability Index. Forests, 8, 443.
- “flammability value: 14.09” · score 14.09 (FLAMITS — flammability value)
  
  FLAMITS record 3322; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel all; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Essaghi2017-1; sampling january. Primary study Essaghi2017: Essaghi, S., Hachmi, M. H., Yessef, M., Dehhaoui, M., & El Amarty, F. (2017). Assessment of Flammability of Moroccan Forest Fuels: New Approach to Estimate the Flammability Index. Forests, 8, 443.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4454.48” · score 4454.48 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 3930; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Gillon1997-1; sampling june to september. Primary study Gillon1997: Gillon, D., Hernando, C., Valette, J.-C., & Joffre, R. (1997). Fast estimation of the calorific values of forest fuels by near infrared-reflectance spectroscopy. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 27, 760-765.
- “time to flaming (s): 15.9” · score 15.9 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 4704; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Hachmi2011-1; sampling ND. Primary study Hachmi2011: Hachmi, M. H., Sesbou, A., Benjelloun, H., El Handouz, N., & Bouanane, F. (2011). A Simple Technique to Estimate the Flammability Index of Moroccan Forest Fuels. Journal of Combustion, 2011, 1-11.
- “flame height (cm): 10” · score 10 (FLAMITS — flame height (cm))
  
  FLAMITS record 4743; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Hachmi2011-1; sampling ND. Primary study Hachmi2011: Hachmi, M. H., Sesbou, A., Benjelloun, H., El Handouz, N., & Bouanane, F. (2011). A Simple Technique to Estimate the Flammability Index of Moroccan Forest Fuels. Journal of Combustion, 2011, 1-11.
- “burning duration (s): 7.8” · score 7.8 (FLAMITS — burning duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 4744; Sustainability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Hachmi2011-1; sampling ND. Primary study Hachmi2011: Hachmi, M. H., Sesbou, A., Benjelloun, H., El Handouz, N., & Bouanane, F. (2011). A Simple Technique to Estimate the Flammability Index of Moroccan Forest Fuels. Journal of Combustion, 2011, 1-11.
- “flammability value: 1.96” · score 1.96 (FLAMITS — flammability value)
  
  FLAMITS record 4802; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Hachmi2011-1; sampling ND. Primary study Hachmi2011: Hachmi, M. H., Sesbou, A., Benjelloun, H., El Handouz, N., & Bouanane, F. (2011). A Simple Technique to Estimate the Flammability Index of Moroccan Forest Fuels. Journal of Combustion, 2011, 1-11.
- “flame height (cm): 10.32” · score 10.32 (FLAMITS — flame height (cm))
  
  FLAMITS record 4868; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device infrared burner; site Henaoui2013-1; sampling spring. Primary study Henaoui2013: Henaoui, S. E. -A., Bouazza, M., & Amara, M. (2013). The fire risk of the plant groupings with Cistus in the area of Tlemcen (Western Algeria). European Scientific Journal, 9, 84-103.
- “time to flaming (s): 137.66” · score 137.66 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 4906; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device infrared burner; site Henaoui2013-1; sampling spring. Primary study Henaoui2013: Henaoui, S. E. -A., Bouazza, M., & Amara, M. (2013). The fire risk of the plant groupings with Cistus in the area of Tlemcen (Western Algeria). European Scientific Journal, 9, 84-103.
- “burning duration (s): 167.93” · score 167.93 (FLAMITS — burning duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 4944; Sustainability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device infrared burner; site Henaoui2013-1; sampling spring. Primary study Henaoui2013: Henaoui, S. E. -A., Bouazza, M., & Amara, M. (2013). The fire risk of the plant groupings with Cistus in the area of Tlemcen (Western Algeria). European Scientific Journal, 9, 84-103.
- “time to flaming (s): 25” · score 25 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 7517; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Mancilla2021-1; sampling summer. Primary study Mancilla2021: Mancilla-Leytón, J. M., Hernando, C., Cambrollé, J., Muñoz-Vallés, S., Pino-Mejías, R., & Vicente, Á. M. (2021). Can Shrub Flammability be Affected by Goat Grazing? Flammability Parameters of Mediterranean Shrub Species under Grazing. Sustainability, 13, 1555.
- “time to flaming (s): 20” · score 20 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 7518; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Mancilla2021-1; sampling summer. Primary study Mancilla2021: Mancilla-Leytón, J. M., Hernando, C., Cambrollé, J., Muñoz-Vallés, S., Pino-Mejías, R., & Vicente, Á. M. (2021). Can Shrub Flammability be Affected by Goat Grazing? Flammability Parameters of Mediterranean Shrub Species under Grazing. Sustainability, 13, 1555.
- “time to flaming (s): 27” · score 27 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 7519; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Mancilla2021-1; sampling summer. Primary study Mancilla2021: Mancilla-Leytón, J. M., Hernando, C., Cambrollé, J., Muñoz-Vallés, S., Pino-Mejías, R., & Vicente, Á. M. (2021). Can Shrub Flammability be Affected by Goat Grazing? Flammability Parameters of Mediterranean Shrub Species under Grazing. Sustainability, 13, 1555.
- “burning duration (s): 12” · score 12 (FLAMITS — burning duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 7532; Sustainability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Mancilla2021-1; sampling summer. Primary study Mancilla2021: Mancilla-Leytón, J. M., Hernando, C., Cambrollé, J., Muñoz-Vallés, S., Pino-Mejías, R., & Vicente, Á. M. (2021). Can Shrub Flammability be Affected by Goat Grazing? Flammability Parameters of Mediterranean Shrub Species under Grazing. Sustainability, 13, 1555.
- “burning duration (s): 15” · score 15 (FLAMITS — burning duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 7533; Sustainability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Mancilla2021-1; sampling summer. Primary study Mancilla2021: Mancilla-Leytón, J. M., Hernando, C., Cambrollé, J., Muñoz-Vallés, S., Pino-Mejías, R., & Vicente, Á. M. (2021). Can Shrub Flammability be Affected by Goat Grazing? Flammability Parameters of Mediterranean Shrub Species under Grazing. Sustainability, 13, 1555.
- “burning duration (s): 9” · score 9 (FLAMITS — burning duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 7534; Sustainability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Mancilla2021-1; sampling summer. Primary study Mancilla2021: Mancilla-Leytón, J. M., Hernando, C., Cambrollé, J., Muñoz-Vallés, S., Pino-Mejías, R., & Vicente, Á. M. (2021). Can Shrub Flammability be Affected by Goat Grazing? Flammability Parameters of Mediterranean Shrub Species under Grazing. Sustainability, 13, 1555.
- “flammability value: 3” · score 3 (FLAMITS — flammability value)
  
  FLAMITS record 7535; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Mancilla2021-1; sampling summer. Primary study Mancilla2021: Mancilla-Leytón, J. M., Hernando, C., Cambrollé, J., Muñoz-Vallés, S., Pino-Mejías, R., & Vicente, Á. M. (2021). Can Shrub Flammability be Affected by Goat Grazing? Flammability Parameters of Mediterranean Shrub Species under Grazing. Sustainability, 13, 1555.
- “flammability value: 3” · score 3 (FLAMITS — flammability value)
  
  FLAMITS record 7536; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Mancilla2021-1; sampling summer. Primary study Mancilla2021: Mancilla-Leytón, J. M., Hernando, C., Cambrollé, J., Muñoz-Vallés, S., Pino-Mejías, R., & Vicente, Á. M. (2021). Can Shrub Flammability be Affected by Goat Grazing? Flammability Parameters of Mediterranean Shrub Species under Grazing. Sustainability, 13, 1555.
- “flammability value: 3” · score 3 (FLAMITS — flammability value)
  
  FLAMITS record 7537; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Mancilla2021-1; sampling summer. Primary study Mancilla2021: Mancilla-Leytón, J. M., Hernando, C., Cambrollé, J., Muñoz-Vallés, S., Pino-Mejías, R., & Vicente, Á. M. (2021). Can Shrub Flammability be Affected by Goat Grazing? Flammability Parameters of Mediterranean Shrub Species under Grazing. Sustainability, 13, 1555.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4399.54” · score 4399.54 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 7562; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Mancilla2021-1; sampling spring. Primary study Mancilla2021: Mancilla-Leytón, J. M., Hernando, C., Cambrollé, J., Muñoz-Vallés, S., Pino-Mejías, R., & Vicente, Á. M. (2021). Can Shrub Flammability be Affected by Goat Grazing? Flammability Parameters of Mediterranean Shrub Species under Grazing. Sustainability, 13, 1555.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4511.8” · score 4511.8 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 7567; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Mancilla2021-1; sampling spring. Primary study Mancilla2021: Mancilla-Leytón, J. M., Hernando, C., Cambrollé, J., Muñoz-Vallés, S., Pino-Mejías, R., & Vicente, Á. M. (2021). Can Shrub Flammability be Affected by Goat Grazing? Flammability Parameters of Mediterranean Shrub Species under Grazing. Sustainability, 13, 1555.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4581.06” · score 4581.06 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 7572; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Mancilla2021-1; sampling spring. Primary study Mancilla2021: Mancilla-Leytón, J. M., Hernando, C., Cambrollé, J., Muñoz-Vallés, S., Pino-Mejías, R., & Vicente, Á. M. (2021). Can Shrub Flammability be Affected by Goat Grazing? Flammability Parameters of Mediterranean Shrub Species under Grazing. Sustainability, 13, 1555.
- “time to flaming (s): 60” · score 60 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 7649; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-2; sampling march. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “time to flaming (s): 28” · score 28 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 7650; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-2; sampling may. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “time to flaming (s): 23” · score 23 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 7651; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-2; sampling july. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “time to flaming (s): 19” · score 19 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 7652; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-2; sampling august. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “time to flaming (s): 35” · score 35 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 7653; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-2; sampling september. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “time to flaming (s): 34” · score 34 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 7654; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-2; sampling october. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “time to flaming (s): 60” · score 60 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 7655; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-2; sampling november. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “time to flaming (s): 60” · score 60 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 7656; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-2; sampling december. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4798” · score 4798 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 7890; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-2; sampling ND. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “flammability value: 1” · score 1 (FLAMITS — flammability value)
  
  FLAMITS record 7937; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-2; sampling ND. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “ignition frequency (%): 10” · score 10 (FLAMITS — ignition frequency (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 8048; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-2; sampling march. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “ignition frequency (%): 55” · score 55 (FLAMITS — ignition frequency (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 8049; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-2; sampling may. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “ignition frequency (%): 83” · score 83 (FLAMITS — ignition frequency (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 8050; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-2; sampling july. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “ignition frequency (%): 100” · score 100 (FLAMITS — ignition frequency (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 8051; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-2; sampling august. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “ignition frequency (%): 52” · score 52 (FLAMITS — ignition frequency (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 8052; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-2; sampling september. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “ignition frequency (%): 60” · score 60 (FLAMITS — ignition frequency (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 8053; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-2; sampling october. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “ignition frequency (%): 0” · score 0 (FLAMITS — ignition frequency (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 8054; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-2; sampling november. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “ignition frequency (%): 5” · score 5 (FLAMITS — ignition frequency (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 8055; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-2; sampling december. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “time to flaming (s): 818” · score 818 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 9210; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device muffle furnace; site Michelaki2020-7; sampling spring. Primary study Michelaki2020: Michelaki, C., Fyllas, N. M., Galanidis, A., Aloupi, M., Evangelou, E., Arianoutsou, M., & Dimitrakopoulos, P. G. (2020). Adaptive flammability syndromes in thermo-Mediterranean vegetation, captured by alternative resource-use strategies. Science of The Total Environment, 718, 137437.
- “burning duration (s): 372” · score 372 (FLAMITS — burning duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 9211; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device muffle furnace; site Michelaki2020-7; sampling spring. Primary study Michelaki2020: Michelaki, C., Fyllas, N. M., Galanidis, A., Aloupi, M., Evangelou, E., Arianoutsou, M., & Dimitrakopoulos, P. G. (2020). Adaptive flammability syndromes in thermo-Mediterranean vegetation, captured by alternative resource-use strategies. Science of The Total Environment, 718, 137437.
- “mass loss rate (g/s): 0” · score 0 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s))
  
  FLAMITS record 9212; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device muffle furnace; site Michelaki2020-7; sampling spring. Primary study Michelaki2020: Michelaki, C., Fyllas, N. M., Galanidis, A., Aloupi, M., Evangelou, E., Arianoutsou, M., & Dimitrakopoulos, P. G. (2020). Adaptive flammability syndromes in thermo-Mediterranean vegetation, captured by alternative resource-use strategies. Science of The Total Environment, 718, 137437.
- “estimated burnt biomass (%): 88.5” · score 88.5 (FLAMITS — estimated burnt biomass (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 9213; Consumability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device muffle furnace; site Michelaki2020-7; sampling spring. Primary study Michelaki2020: Michelaki, C., Fyllas, N. M., Galanidis, A., Aloupi, M., Evangelou, E., Arianoutsou, M., & Dimitrakopoulos, P. G. (2020). Adaptive flammability syndromes in thermo-Mediterranean vegetation, captured by alternative resource-use strategies. Science of The Total Environment, 718, 137437.
- “temperature at flaming (°C): 520.33” · score 520.33 (FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C))
  
  FLAMITS record 12130; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Saura2010-1; sampling august. Primary study Saura2010: Saura-Mas, S., Paula, S., Pausas, J. G,. & Lloret, F. (2010). Fuel loading and flammability in the Mediterranean Basin woody species with different post-fire regenerative strategies. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 19, 783.
- “flaming duration (s): 157.4” · score 157.4 (FLAMITS — flaming duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 12160; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Saura2010-1; sampling august. Primary study Saura2010: Saura-Mas, S., Paula, S., Pausas, J. G,. & Lloret, F. (2010). Fuel loading and flammability in the Mediterranean Basin woody species with different post-fire regenerative strategies. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 19, 783.
- “time to smoke (s): 117.1” · score 117.1 (FLAMITS — time to smoke (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 12194; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Saura2010-1; sampling august. Primary study Saura2010: Saura-Mas, S., Paula, S., Pausas, J. G,. & Lloret, F. (2010). Fuel loading and flammability in the Mediterranean Basin woody species with different post-fire regenerative strategies. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 19, 783.
- “temperature at smoke (°C): 150.5” · score 150.5 (FLAMITS — temperature at smoke (°C))
  
  FLAMITS record 12231; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Saura2010-1; sampling august. Primary study Saura2010: Saura-Mas, S., Paula, S., Pausas, J. G,. & Lloret, F. (2010). Fuel loading and flammability in the Mediterranean Basin woody species with different post-fire regenerative strategies. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 19, 783.
- “time to smouldering (s): 329.9” · score 329.9 (FLAMITS — time to smouldering (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 12267; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Saura2010-1; sampling august. Primary study Saura2010: Saura-Mas, S., Paula, S., Pausas, J. G,. & Lloret, F. (2010). Fuel loading and flammability in the Mediterranean Basin woody species with different post-fire regenerative strategies. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 19, 783.
- “temperature at smouldering (°C): 376.6” · score 376.6 (FLAMITS — temperature at smouldering (°C))
  
  FLAMITS record 12303; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Saura2010-1; sampling august. Primary study Saura2010: Saura-Mas, S., Paula, S., Pausas, J. G,. & Lloret, F. (2010). Fuel loading and flammability in the Mediterranean Basin woody species with different post-fire regenerative strategies. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 19, 783.
- “flammability value: 1” · score 1 (FLAMITS — flammability value)
  
  FLAMITS record 13319; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Valette1990-1; sampling june to september. Primary study Valette1990: Valette, J.-C. (1990). Flammabilities of Mediterranean forest species. Effects on the combustibility of the forest communities inflammabilités des espèces forestières méditerranéennes. Conséquences sur la combustibilité des formations forestières. Revue forestière française, 42, 76-92.
- “flammability value: 2” · score 2 (FLAMITS — flammability value)
  
  FLAMITS record 13320; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Valette1990-1; sampling june to september. Primary study Valette1990: Valette, J.-C. (1990). Flammabilities of Mediterranean forest species. Effects on the combustibility of the forest communities inflammabilités des espèces forestières méditerranéennes. Conséquences sur la combustibilité des formations forestières. Revue forestière française, 42, 76-92.
- “time to flaming (s): 131” · score 131 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 13772; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Weise2005-1; sampling august. Primary study Weise2005: Weise, D. R., White, R. H., Beall, F. C., & Etlinger, M. (2005). Use of the cone calorimeter to detect seasonal differences in selected combustion characteristics of ornamental vegetation. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 14, 321-338.
- “time to flaming (s): 189” · score 189 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 13773; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Weise2005-1; sampling may. Primary study Weise2005: Weise, D. R., White, R. H., Beall, F. C., & Etlinger, M. (2005). Use of the cone calorimeter to detect seasonal differences in selected combustion characteristics of ornamental vegetation. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 14, 321-338.
- “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 99” · score 99 (FLAMITS — maximum energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 13801; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Weise2005-1; sampling august. Primary study Weise2005: Weise, D. R., White, R. H., Beall, F. C., & Etlinger, M. (2005). Use of the cone calorimeter to detect seasonal differences in selected combustion characteristics of ornamental vegetation. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 14, 321-338.
- “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 167” · score 167 (FLAMITS — maximum energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 13802; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Weise2005-1; sampling december. Primary study Weise2005: Weise, D. R., White, R. H., Beall, F. C., & Etlinger, M. (2005). Use of the cone calorimeter to detect seasonal differences in selected combustion characteristics of ornamental vegetation. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 14, 321-338.
- “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 183” · score 183 (FLAMITS — maximum energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 13803; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Weise2005-1; sampling march. Primary study Weise2005: Weise, D. R., White, R. H., Beall, F. C., & Etlinger, M. (2005). Use of the cone calorimeter to detect seasonal differences in selected combustion characteristics of ornamental vegetation. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 14, 321-338.
- “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 138” · score 138 (FLAMITS — maximum energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 13804; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Weise2005-1; sampling may. Primary study Weise2005: Weise, D. R., White, R. H., Beall, F. C., & Etlinger, M. (2005). Use of the cone calorimeter to detect seasonal differences in selected combustion characteristics of ornamental vegetation. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 14, 321-338.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 3033.34” · score 3033.34 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 13839; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Weise2005-1; sampling august. Primary study Weise2005: Weise, D. R., White, R. H., Beall, F. C., & Etlinger, M. (2005). Use of the cone calorimeter to detect seasonal differences in selected combustion characteristics of ornamental vegetation. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 14, 321-338.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 3391.61” · score 3391.61 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 13840; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Weise2005-1; sampling december. Primary study Weise2005: Weise, D. R., White, R. H., Beall, F. C., & Etlinger, M. (2005). Use of the cone calorimeter to detect seasonal differences in selected combustion characteristics of ornamental vegetation. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 14, 321-338.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 3319.96” · score 3319.96 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 13841; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Weise2005-1; sampling march. Primary study Weise2005: Weise, D. R., White, R. H., Beall, F. C., & Etlinger, M. (2005). Use of the cone calorimeter to detect seasonal differences in selected combustion characteristics of ornamental vegetation. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 14, 321-338.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 2937.8” · score 2937.8 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 13842; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Weise2005-1; sampling may. Primary study Weise2005: Weise, D. R., White, R. H., Beall, F. C., & Etlinger, M. (2005). Use of the cone calorimeter to detect seasonal differences in selected combustion characteristics of ornamental vegetation. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 14, 321-338.
- “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 47” · score 47 (FLAMITS — maximum energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 13877; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Weise2005-1; sampling august. Primary study Weise2005: Weise, D. R., White, R. H., Beall, F. C., & Etlinger, M. (2005). Use of the cone calorimeter to detect seasonal differences in selected combustion characteristics of ornamental vegetation. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 14, 321-338.
- “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 32” · score 32 (FLAMITS — maximum energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 13878; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Weise2005-1; sampling december. Primary study Weise2005: Weise, D. R., White, R. H., Beall, F. C., & Etlinger, M. (2005). Use of the cone calorimeter to detect seasonal differences in selected combustion characteristics of ornamental vegetation. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 14, 321-338.
- “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 62” · score 62 (FLAMITS — maximum energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 13879; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Weise2005-1; sampling march. Primary study Weise2005: Weise, D. R., White, R. H., Beall, F. C., & Etlinger, M. (2005). Use of the cone calorimeter to detect seasonal differences in selected combustion characteristics of ornamental vegetation. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 14, 321-338.
- “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 42” · score 42 (FLAMITS — maximum energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 13880; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Weise2005-1; sampling may. Primary study Weise2005: Weise, D. R., White, R. H., Beall, F. C., & Etlinger, M. (2005). Use of the cone calorimeter to detect seasonal differences in selected combustion characteristics of ornamental vegetation. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 14, 321-338.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 1122.58” · score 1122.58 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 13915; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Weise2005-1; sampling august. Primary study Weise2005: Weise, D. R., White, R. H., Beall, F. C., & Etlinger, M. (2005). Use of the cone calorimeter to detect seasonal differences in selected combustion characteristics of ornamental vegetation. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 14, 321-338.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 668.77” · score 668.77 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 13916; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Weise2005-1; sampling december. Primary study Weise2005: Weise, D. R., White, R. H., Beall, F. C., & Etlinger, M. (2005). Use of the cone calorimeter to detect seasonal differences in selected combustion characteristics of ornamental vegetation. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 14, 321-338.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 955.38” · score 955.38 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 13917; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Weise2005-1; sampling march. Primary study Weise2005: Weise, D. R., White, R. H., Beall, F. C., & Etlinger, M. (2005). Use of the cone calorimeter to detect seasonal differences in selected combustion characteristics of ornamental vegetation. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 14, 321-338.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 668.77” · score 668.77 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 13918; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Weise2005-1; sampling may. Primary study Weise2005: Weise, D. R., White, R. H., Beall, F. C., & Etlinger, M. (2005). Use of the cone calorimeter to detect seasonal differences in selected combustion characteristics of ornamental vegetation. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 14, 321-338.
- “energy flux (kW/m²): 30” · score 30 (FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 13989; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site White1996-1; sampling ND. Primary study White1996: White, R. H., Weise, D. R., & Frommer, S. (1996). Preliminary evaluation of the flammability of native and ornamental plants with the cone calorimeter. 21st International Conference on Fire Safety. Coimbra, Portugal.
- “energy flux (kW/m²): 41” · score 41 (FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 13998; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site White1996-1; sampling ND. Primary study White1996: White, R. H., Weise, D. R., & Frommer, S. (1996). Preliminary evaluation of the flammability of native and ornamental plants with the cone calorimeter. 21st International Conference on Fire Safety. Coimbra, Portugal.
- “energy flux (kW/m²): 57” · score 57 (FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 14005; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site White1996-1; sampling ND. Primary study White1996: White, R. H., Weise, D. R., & Frommer, S. (1996). Preliminary evaluation of the flammability of native and ornamental plants with the cone calorimeter. 21st International Conference on Fire Safety. Coimbra, Portugal.
- “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 47” · score 47 (FLAMITS — maximum energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 14023; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site White1996-1; sampling ND. Primary study White1996: White, R. H., Weise, D. R., & Frommer, S. (1996). Preliminary evaluation of the flammability of native and ornamental plants with the cone calorimeter. 21st International Conference on Fire Safety. Coimbra, Portugal.
- “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 99” · score 99 (FLAMITS — maximum energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 14024; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site White1996-1; sampling ND. Primary study White1996: White, R. H., Weise, D. R., & Frommer, S. (1996). Preliminary evaluation of the flammability of native and ornamental plants with the cone calorimeter. 21st International Conference on Fire Safety. Coimbra, Portugal.
- “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 48” · score 48 (FLAMITS — maximum energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 14025; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site White1996-1; sampling ND. Primary study White1996: White, R. H., Weise, D. R., & Frommer, S. (1996). Preliminary evaluation of the flammability of native and ornamental plants with the cone calorimeter. 21st International Conference on Fire Safety. Coimbra, Portugal.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 1218.11” · score 1218.11 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 14026; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site White1996-1; sampling ND. Primary study White1996: White, R. H., Weise, D. R., & Frommer, S. (1996). Preliminary evaluation of the flammability of native and ornamental plants with the cone calorimeter. 21st International Conference on Fire Safety. Coimbra, Portugal.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 3343.84” · score 3343.84 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 14049; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site White1996-1; sampling ND. Primary study White1996: White, R. H., Weise, D. R., & Frommer, S. (1996). Preliminary evaluation of the flammability of native and ornamental plants with the cone calorimeter. 21st International Conference on Fire Safety. Coimbra, Portugal.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 1170.34” · score 1170.34 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 14059; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site White1996-1; sampling ND. Primary study White1996: White, R. H., Weise, D. R., & Frommer, S. (1996). Preliminary evaluation of the flammability of native and ornamental plants with the cone calorimeter. 21st International Conference on Fire Safety. Coimbra, Portugal.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 3773.77” · score 3773.77 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 14164; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site White2002-1; sampling august. Primary study White2002: White, R. H., Weise, D. R., Mackes, K., & Dibble, A. C. (2002). Cone calorimeter testing of vegetation--an update. Ninth International Conference on Electrical and Electronic Products. Columbus, Ohio, USA.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4227.57” · score 4227.57 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 14165; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site White2002-1; sampling november. Primary study White2002: White, R. H., Weise, D. R., Mackes, K., & Dibble, A. C. (2002). Cone calorimeter testing of vegetation--an update. Ninth International Conference on Electrical and Electronic Products. Columbus, Ohio, USA.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 3726” · score 3726 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 14166; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site White2002-1; sampling march. Primary study White2002: White, R. H., Weise, D. R., Mackes, K., & Dibble, A. C. (2002). Cone calorimeter testing of vegetation--an update. Ninth International Conference on Electrical and Electronic Products. Columbus, Ohio, USA.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 3272.19” · score 3272.19 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 14167; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site White2002-1; sampling may. Primary study White2002: White, R. H., Weise, D. R., Mackes, K., & Dibble, A. C. (2002). Cone calorimeter testing of vegetation--an update. Ninth International Conference on Electrical and Electronic Products. Columbus, Ohio, USA.
- “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 99” · score 99 (FLAMITS — maximum energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 14217; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site White2002-1; sampling august. Primary study White2002: White, R. H., Weise, D. R., Mackes, K., & Dibble, A. C. (2002). Cone calorimeter testing of vegetation--an update. Ninth International Conference on Electrical and Electronic Products. Columbus, Ohio, USA.
- “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 166” · score 166 (FLAMITS — maximum energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 14218; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site White2002-1; sampling november. Primary study White2002: White, R. H., Weise, D. R., Mackes, K., & Dibble, A. C. (2002). Cone calorimeter testing of vegetation--an update. Ninth International Conference on Electrical and Electronic Products. Columbus, Ohio, USA.
- “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 165” · score 165 (FLAMITS — maximum energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 14219; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site White2002-1; sampling march. Primary study White2002: White, R. H., Weise, D. R., Mackes, K., & Dibble, A. C. (2002). Cone calorimeter testing of vegetation--an update. Ninth International Conference on Electrical and Electronic Products. Columbus, Ohio, USA.
- “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 118” · score 118 (FLAMITS — maximum energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 14220; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site White2002-1; sampling may. Primary study White2002: White, R. H., Weise, D. R., Mackes, K., & Dibble, A. C. (2002). Cone calorimeter testing of vegetation--an update. Ninth International Conference on Electrical and Electronic Products. Columbus, Ohio, USA.
- “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 47” · score 47 (FLAMITS — maximum energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 14255; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site White2002-1; sampling august. Primary study White2002: White, R. H., Weise, D. R., Mackes, K., & Dibble, A. C. (2002). Cone calorimeter testing of vegetation--an update. Ninth International Conference on Electrical and Electronic Products. Columbus, Ohio, USA.
- “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 32” · score 32 (FLAMITS — maximum energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 14256; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site White2002-1; sampling november. Primary study White2002: White, R. H., Weise, D. R., Mackes, K., & Dibble, A. C. (2002). Cone calorimeter testing of vegetation--an update. Ninth International Conference on Electrical and Electronic Products. Columbus, Ohio, USA.
- “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 56” · score 56 (FLAMITS — maximum energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 14257; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site White2002-1; sampling march. Primary study White2002: White, R. H., Weise, D. R., Mackes, K., & Dibble, A. C. (2002). Cone calorimeter testing of vegetation--an update. Ninth International Conference on Electrical and Electronic Products. Columbus, Ohio, USA.
- “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 38” · score 38 (FLAMITS — maximum energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 14258; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site White2002-1; sampling may. Primary study White2002: White, R. H., Weise, D. R., Mackes, K., & Dibble, A. C. (2002). Cone calorimeter testing of vegetation--an update. Ninth International Conference on Electrical and Electronic Products. Columbus, Ohio, USA.
- “time to flaming (s): 83” · score 83 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18333; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Delabraze1974-1; sampling july to september 1974. Primary study Delabraze1974: Delabraze, P., & Valette, J. -C. (1974). Inflammabilitéet combustibilitéde la végétation forestière méditerranéenne. Revue Forestiere Française, 26, 171177.

Last verified 2026-08-23. JSON (CC BY 4.0)

Profiles: USDA PLANTS · GBIF · iNaturalist · Wikidata · ITIS

Cistus salvaefolius (Cistus salviifolius). FireApproved. https://fireapproved.com/plants/cistus-salvaefolius/. Last verified 2026-08-23.