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United States / Grow / salvia cistus

salvia cistus (Cistus salvaefolius)
Photo: (c) zebedeugalinha, some rights reserved (CC BY) (CC BY), via iNaturalist. Species-typical, not necessarily this cultivar.

salvia cistus

Cistus salvaefolius (accepted: Cistus salviifolius) · Cistaceae · all Cistus records · also called Cistus salviifolius · Wikipedia

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Cistus salvaefolius first points to Valette 1990, one of its two selected laboratory lineages. The other is Low-volume and slow-burning vegetation. Each concise source label now leads to one row rather than being divided into several links.

The record remains limited evidence on the evidence table, so the two named lineages should be read without turning them into a broader claim. One ecological invasive report is also present, but it belongs to a separate evidence domain rather than the fire tally. The cited rows stay together on the evidence table, while related plants keeps comparisons outside this source summary. Together, these selected facts show both what has been cited and where the record's evidentiary limit remains.

Form
shrub
Rated in
California; Global; Mediterranean France / Provence
On this lot

1. Fire evidence and conditions

Fire evidence
Fire-resistant — location does not change the cited classification.
Placement evidence
1 source placement record; source schemes remain separate.
Evidence regions
California; Global; Mediterranean France / Provence

2. Why this plant is relevant here

State distribution
Documented in CA.
Introduced / established
1 sourced range or established record. This is not an invasive warning.

3. Legal, ecological, and broader status

How to read this page

The status above is computed from the cited rows below: independent recommendations can support a fire-resistant result, an avoid row can produce keep-away, and disagreement stays visible as conflict. Placement notes preserve each source’s own scheme rather than translating unlike rules into one scale. This is evidence about a plant, not permission to plant it in every part of the defensible space; Zone 0 remains noncombustible.

Where its sources say to plant it

Placement rules below use each source's own distances or named zones, tied to its rating. They are not interchangeable with the directory's current Zone 0 guidance.

The evidence

Grouped by what each source concluded. Primary evidence rated the plant itself (a lab, field program, or original curation); corroboration compiled or republished another source's rating and resolves to its root lineage.

Recommends (1)

Listed without a rating (95)
Corroboration (94 rows from 1 source)

  • FLAMITS: FLAMmability plant traiTS database — Dryad / Global Ecology and Biogeography · Dryad version 9 · original source Corroboration Trait database lineage: meta-aggregator

    94 cited rows from this source; its identity, lineage and tier are stated once.

    • Primary study Dimitrakopoulos2001: Dimitrakopoulos, A. P., & Panov, P. I. (2001). Pyric properties of some dominant Mediterranean vegetation species. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 10, 23-27.

      Shared row context: Combustibility measurement; fuel dead; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Dimitrakopoulos2001-1; sampling december.

      • “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4553.05”

        FLAMITS record 2971; plant part stems.

      • “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4457.45”

        FLAMITS record 2975; plant part leaves.

    • Primary study Essaghi2017: Essaghi, S., Hachmi, M. H., Yessef, M., Dehhaoui, M., & El Amarty, F. (2017). Assessment of Flammability of Moroccan Forest Fuels: New Approach to Estimate the Flammability Index. Forests, 8, 443.

      Shared row context: Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel all; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Essaghi2017-1; sampling january.

      • “flammability value: 7.95”

        FLAMITS record 3309.

      • “flammability value: 14.09”

        FLAMITS record 3322.

    • “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4454.48”

      FLAMITS record 3930; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Gillon1997-1; sampling june to september. Primary study Gillon1997: Gillon, D., Hernando, C., Valette, J.-C., & Joffre, R. (1997). Fast estimation of the calorific values of forest fuels by near infrared-reflectance spectroscopy. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 27, 760-765.

    • Primary study Hachmi2011: Hachmi, M. H., Sesbou, A., Benjelloun, H., El Handouz, N., & Bouanane, F. (2011). A Simple Technique to Estimate the Flammability Index of Moroccan Forest Fuels. Journal of Combustion, 2011, 1-11.

      Shared row context: plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Hachmi2011-1; sampling ND.

      • Shared measurement context: Ignitability measurement.

        • “time to flaming (s): 15.9”

          FLAMITS record 4704.

        • “flammability value: 1.96”

          FLAMITS record 4802.

      • “flame height (cm): 10”

        FLAMITS record 4743; Combustibility measurement.

      • “burning duration (s): 7.8”

        FLAMITS record 4744; Sustainability measurement.

    • Primary study Henaoui2013: Henaoui, S. E. -A., Bouazza, M., & Amara, M. (2013). The fire risk of the plant groupings with Cistus in the area of Tlemcen (Western Algeria). European Scientific Journal, 9, 84-103.

      Shared row context: plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device infrared burner; site Henaoui2013-1; sampling spring.

      • “flame height (cm): 10.32”

        FLAMITS record 4868; Combustibility measurement.

      • “time to flaming (s): 137.66”

        FLAMITS record 4906; Ignitability measurement.

      • “burning duration (s): 167.93”

        FLAMITS record 4944; Sustainability measurement.

    • Primary study Mancilla2021: Mancilla-Leytón, J. M., Hernando, C., Cambrollé, J., Muñoz-Vallés, S., Pino-Mejías, R., & Vicente, Á. M. (2021). Can Shrub Flammability be Affected by Goat Grazing? Flammability Parameters of Mediterranean Shrub Species under Grazing. Sustainability, 13, 1555.

      Shared row context: plant part twigs; fuel live; site Mancilla2021-1.

      • Shared measurement context: Ignitability measurement; predrying no; device epiradiator; sampling summer.

        • “time to flaming (s): 25”

          FLAMITS record 7517.

        • “time to flaming (s): 20”

          FLAMITS record 7518.

        • “time to flaming (s): 27”

          FLAMITS record 7519.

        • “flammability value: 3”

          FLAMITS record 7535.

        • “flammability value: 3”

          FLAMITS record 7536.

        • “flammability value: 3”

          FLAMITS record 7537.

      • Shared measurement context: Sustainability measurement; predrying no; device epiradiator; sampling summer.

        • “burning duration (s): 12”

          FLAMITS record 7532.

        • “burning duration (s): 15”

          FLAMITS record 7533.

        • “burning duration (s): 9”

          FLAMITS record 7534.

      • Shared measurement context: Combustibility measurement; predrying yes; device calorimeter; sampling spring.

        • “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4399.54”

          FLAMITS record 7562.

        • “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4511.8”

          FLAMITS record 7567.

        • “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4581.06”

          FLAMITS record 7572.

    • Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque

      Shared row context: plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-2.

      • Shared measurement context: Ignitability measurement; sampling march.

        • “time to flaming (s): 60”

          FLAMITS record 7649.

        • “ignition frequency (%): 10”

          FLAMITS record 8048.

      • Shared measurement context: Ignitability measurement; sampling may.

        • “time to flaming (s): 28”

          FLAMITS record 7650.

        • “ignition frequency (%): 55”

          FLAMITS record 8049.

      • Shared measurement context: Ignitability measurement; sampling july.

        • “time to flaming (s): 23”

          FLAMITS record 7651.

        • “ignition frequency (%): 83”

          FLAMITS record 8050.

      • Shared measurement context: Ignitability measurement; sampling august.

        • “time to flaming (s): 19”

          FLAMITS record 7652.

        • “ignition frequency (%): 100”

          FLAMITS record 8051.

      • Shared measurement context: Ignitability measurement; sampling september.

        • “time to flaming (s): 35”

          FLAMITS record 7653.

        • “ignition frequency (%): 52”

          FLAMITS record 8052.

      • Shared measurement context: Ignitability measurement; sampling october.

        • “time to flaming (s): 34”

          FLAMITS record 7654.

        • “ignition frequency (%): 60”

          FLAMITS record 8053.

      • Shared measurement context: Ignitability measurement; sampling november.

        • “time to flaming (s): 60”

          FLAMITS record 7655.

        • “ignition frequency (%): 0”

          FLAMITS record 8054.

      • Shared measurement context: Ignitability measurement; sampling december.

        • “time to flaming (s): 60”

          FLAMITS record 7656.

        • “ignition frequency (%): 5”

          FLAMITS record 8055.

      • “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4798”

        FLAMITS record 7890; Combustibility measurement; sampling ND.

      • “flammability value: 1”

        FLAMITS record 7937; Ignitability measurement; sampling ND.

    • Primary study Michelaki2020: Michelaki, C., Fyllas, N. M., Galanidis, A., Aloupi, M., Evangelou, E., Arianoutsou, M., & Dimitrakopoulos, P. G. (2020). Adaptive flammability syndromes in thermo-Mediterranean vegetation, captured by alternative resource-use strategies. Science of The Total Environment, 718, 137437.

      Shared row context: plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device muffle furnace; site Michelaki2020-7; sampling spring.

      • “time to flaming (s): 818”

        FLAMITS record 9210; Ignitability measurement.

      • “burning duration (s): 372”

        FLAMITS record 9211; Sustainability measurement.

      • “mass loss rate (g/s): 0”

        FLAMITS record 9212; Combustibility measurement.

      • “estimated burnt biomass (%): 88.5”

        FLAMITS record 9213; Consumability measurement.

    • Primary study Saura2010: Saura-Mas, S., Paula, S., Pausas, J. G,. & Lloret, F. (2010). Fuel loading and flammability in the Mediterranean Basin woody species with different post-fire regenerative strategies. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 19, 783.

      Shared row context: plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Saura2010-1; sampling august.

      • Shared measurement context: Ignitability measurement.

        • “temperature at flaming (°C): 520.33”

          FLAMITS record 12130.

        • “time to smoke (s): 117.1”

          FLAMITS record 12194.

        • “temperature at smoke (°C): 150.5”

          FLAMITS record 12231.

        • “time to smouldering (s): 329.9”

          FLAMITS record 12267.

        • “temperature at smouldering (°C): 376.6”

          FLAMITS record 12303.

      • “flaming duration (s): 157.4”

        FLAMITS record 12160; Sustainability measurement.

    • Primary study Valette1990: Valette, J.-C. (1990). Flammabilities of Mediterranean forest species. Effects on the combustibility of the forest communities inflammabilités des espèces forestières méditerranéennes. Conséquences sur la combustibilité des formations forestières. Revue forestière française, 42, 76-92.

      Shared row context: Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Valette1990-1; sampling june to september.

      • “flammability value: 1”

        FLAMITS record 13319.

      • “flammability value: 2”

        FLAMITS record 13320.

    • Primary study Weise2005: Weise, D. R., White, R. H., Beall, F. C., & Etlinger, M. (2005). Use of the cone calorimeter to detect seasonal differences in selected combustion characteristics of ornamental vegetation. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 14, 321-338.

      Shared row context: plant part leaves; fuel live; device calorimeter; site Weise2005-1.

      • “time to flaming (s): 131”

        FLAMITS record 13772; Ignitability measurement; predrying no; sampling august.

      • “time to flaming (s): 189”

        FLAMITS record 13773; Ignitability measurement; predrying no; sampling may.

      • Shared measurement context: Combustibility measurement; predrying yes; sampling august.

        • “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 99”

          FLAMITS record 13801.

        • “calorific value (kcal/kg): 3033.34”

          FLAMITS record 13839.

      • Shared measurement context: Combustibility measurement; predrying yes; sampling december.

        • “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 167”

          FLAMITS record 13802.

        • “calorific value (kcal/kg): 3391.61”

          FLAMITS record 13840.

      • Shared measurement context: Combustibility measurement; predrying yes; sampling march.

        • “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 183”

          FLAMITS record 13803.

        • “calorific value (kcal/kg): 3319.96”

          FLAMITS record 13841.

      • Shared measurement context: Combustibility measurement; predrying yes; sampling may.

        • “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 138”

          FLAMITS record 13804.

        • “calorific value (kcal/kg): 2937.8”

          FLAMITS record 13842.

      • Shared measurement context: Combustibility measurement; predrying no; sampling august.

        • “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 47”

          FLAMITS record 13877.

        • “calorific value (kcal/kg): 1122.58”

          FLAMITS record 13915.

      • Shared measurement context: Combustibility measurement; predrying no; sampling december.

        • “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 32”

          FLAMITS record 13878.

        • “calorific value (kcal/kg): 668.77”

          FLAMITS record 13916.

      • Shared measurement context: Combustibility measurement; predrying no; sampling march.

        • “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 62”

          FLAMITS record 13879.

        • “calorific value (kcal/kg): 955.38”

          FLAMITS record 13917.

      • Shared measurement context: Combustibility measurement; predrying no; sampling may.

        • “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 42”

          FLAMITS record 13880.

        • “calorific value (kcal/kg): 668.77”

          FLAMITS record 13918.

    • Primary study White1996: White, R. H., Weise, D. R., & Frommer, S. (1996). Preliminary evaluation of the flammability of native and ornamental plants with the cone calorimeter. 21st International Conference on Fire Safety. Coimbra, Portugal.

      Shared row context: Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; device calorimeter; site White1996-1; sampling ND.

      • Shared measurement context: predrying no.

        • “energy flux (kW/m²): 30”

          FLAMITS record 13989.

        • “energy flux (kW/m²): 57”

          FLAMITS record 14005.

        • “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 47”

          FLAMITS record 14023.

        • “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 48”

          FLAMITS record 14025.

        • “calorific value (kcal/kg): 1218.11”

          FLAMITS record 14026.

        • “calorific value (kcal/kg): 1170.34”

          FLAMITS record 14059.

      • Shared measurement context: predrying yes.

        • “energy flux (kW/m²): 41”

          FLAMITS record 13998.

        • “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 99”

          FLAMITS record 14024.

        • “calorific value (kcal/kg): 3343.84”

          FLAMITS record 14049.

    • Primary study White2002: White, R. H., Weise, D. R., Mackes, K., & Dibble, A. C. (2002). Cone calorimeter testing of vegetation--an update. Ninth International Conference on Electrical and Electronic Products. Columbus, Ohio, USA.

      Shared row context: Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; device calorimeter; site White2002-1.

      • Shared measurement context: predrying yes; sampling august.

        • “calorific value (kcal/kg): 3773.77”

          FLAMITS record 14164.

        • “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 99”

          FLAMITS record 14217.

      • Shared measurement context: predrying yes; sampling november.

        • “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4227.57”

          FLAMITS record 14165.

        • “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 166”

          FLAMITS record 14218.

      • Shared measurement context: predrying yes; sampling march.

        • “calorific value (kcal/kg): 3726”

          FLAMITS record 14166.

        • “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 165”

          FLAMITS record 14219.

      • Shared measurement context: predrying yes; sampling may.

        • “calorific value (kcal/kg): 3272.19”

          FLAMITS record 14167.

        • “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 118”

          FLAMITS record 14220.

      • “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 47”

        FLAMITS record 14255; predrying no; sampling august.

      • “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 32”

        FLAMITS record 14256; predrying no; sampling november.

      • “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 56”

        FLAMITS record 14257; predrying no; sampling march.

      • “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 38”

        FLAMITS record 14258; predrying no; sampling may.

    • “time to flaming (s): 83”

      FLAMITS record 18333; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Delabraze1974-1; sampling july to september 1974. Primary study Delabraze1974: Delabraze, P., & Valette, J. -C. (1974). Inflammabilitéet combustibilitéde la végétation forestière méditerranéenne. Revue Forestiere Française, 26, 171–177.

Same genus in the directory · the Cistus group page

Last verified 2026-08-23. JSON (CC BY 4.0)

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Cistus salvaefolius (Cistus salviifolius). FireApproved. https://fireapproved.com/plants/cistus-salvaefolius/. Last verified 2026-08-23.