Oak
Quercus spp.
Your local evidence lens
Separate evidence questions, never one approval badge
A genus split is not a placement verdict. Set a ZIP to read the local documented split.
1. Fire evidence and conditions
- Fire evidence
- Fire-resistant — location does not change the cited classification.
- Fire-performance conditions
- 1 condition stated in cited fire-evidence rows.
- Fire ecology context
- No section-reviewed fire-ecology context is normalized.
- Placement evidence
- 7 source placement records; source schemes remain separate.
- Evidence regions
- Alabama; Catalonia, Spain; Florida; Global; Greece; Kentucky; Louisiana; Marin County, California; Michigan / Great Lakes; South Carolina; Tennessee; Turkey; Yavapai County, Arizona; western WA
- Maintenance
- No sourced horticultural maintenance assertion is normalized; fire-test conditions do not supply maintenance advice.
Typed publication scope: 9 scopes across 9 cited fire sources
- Firewise Landscaping for Woodland Homes · Official scoped edition
- Fire-Resistant Plants Common to Marin County · Official scoped edition
- Firewise Plants for the Puget Sound Basin · Official scoped edition
- Firewise Landscaping (Hammond Research Station) · Official scoped edition
- Wildfire-resistant Landscape Plants for Michigan (Extension Bulletin E2948) · Official scoped edition
- Landscaping Can Be Attractive & FIREWISE (Fire Smart Plant List for SC) · Official scoped edition
- Save Your Home from Wildfire (ForFS 17-01) · Official scoped edition
- Landscaping Guidelines to Protect Your Home from Wildfire (SP685) · Official scoped edition
- Fire-Resistant and Fire-Prone Plants Common to Yavapai County (Bulletin 34) · Official scoped edition
2. Why this plant is relevant here
- State distribution
- Documented in MI.
- Native range
- No current cited or legacy state native range is normalized.
- Introduced / established
- No introduced or established row is normalized; that does not prove native status.
- USDA hardiness
- No hardiness value is normalized.
3. Legal, ecological, and broader status
- Legal-list status
- Set a location for an exact legal-list result; source silence is not clearance.
- Seed-list status
- Set a location to compare the separate state noxious-weed seed layer.
- Reported invasive here
- No ecological invasive report is normalized; that does not prove noninvasiveness.
- Broader regional context
- Aggregate AK, HI, and L48 evidence is shown only as regional context, never as an exact-state finding.
- Federal context
- Federal designations remain separate from state legal-list results.
How to read this page
The status above is computed from the cited rows below: independent recommendations can support a fire-resistant result, an avoid row can produce keep-away, and disagreement stays visible as conflict. Placement notes preserve each source’s own scheme rather than translating unlike rules into one scale. This is evidence about a plant, not permission to plant it in every part of the defensible space; Zone 0 remains noncombustible.
- Form
- tree
- Grows in
- MI
- Rated in
- Alabama; Catalonia, Spain; Florida; Global +10
- Family
- Fagaceae
- Evidence
- 55 cited sources
Conditions in the fire evidence
Where its sources say to plant it
- Save Your Home from Wildfire: works well in defensible space
- Landscaping in Florida with Fire in Mind: inside defensible space
- Landscaping Can Be Attractive & FIREWISE: TREES
- Firewise Landscaping for Woodland Homes: Large sized hardwoods
- Les franges perimetrals de protecció contra els incendis …: page 4 species-selection panel
- Κανονισμός Πυροπροστασίας Ακινήτων εντός ή πλησίον δασικώ…: section 5.4.2, paragraph following Table 2δi
- Yanan Orman Alanlarının Rehabilitasyonu ve Yangına Direnç…: Yangın önleyici tesisler
The evidence
Recommends (12)
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Landscaping Guidelines to Protect Your Home from Wildfire (SP685)
“listed Firewise plant”
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Save Your Home from Wildfire (ForFS 17-01)
“trees and shrubs that work well”
The factsheet names “oaks”; this row is reconciled to the exact GBIF genus identity.
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Firewise Landscaping (Hammond Research Station)
“recommended for firewise landscaping in Louisiana”
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Firewise Plants for the Puget Sound Basin
“Fire-resistant Landscape Plants”
Listed in the source's Trees table as Quercus spp. (Oak).
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Wildfire-resistant Landscape Plants for Michigan (Extension Bulletin E2948)
“considered wildfire-resistant and are recommended for Michigan’s climate”
Table 1 row: Quercus spp. (Oak).
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Landscaping in Florida with Fire in Mind
“Less-Flammable Plants”
The source's common-name box lists oaks. This record preserves only the exact genus-level identity supported by that label.
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Fire-Resistant and Fire-Prone Plants Common to Yavapai County (Bulletin 34)
“Fire-Resistant Plants”
Listed as Oak — Quercus sp.. The bulletin says fire-resistant plants tend to resist ignition when irrigated and maintained, while fire-prone plants may ignite readily and burn intensely.
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Landscaping Can Be Attractive & FIREWISE (Fire Smart Plant List for SC)
“LESS Flammable Plants with some fire resistance”
Listed as Oak. The source says highly flammable plants ignite faster and burn readily; less flammable plants have some fire resistance.
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Firewise Landscaping for Woodland Homes
“Large sized hardwoods: Oaks — Quercus sp.”
The booklet explicitly places this row in one or more suggested-plant sections.
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Les franges perimetrals de protecció contra els incendis forestals
“Cal mantenir prioritàriament les espècies menys inflamables. — Garric, carrasca, alzina, alzina surera i roures — Quercus sp.”
The guide says to maintain this printed taxon first among the less-flammable species when opening and maintaining perimeter protection strips.
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Κανονισμός Πυροπροστασίας Ακινήτων εντός ή πλησίον δασικών εκτάσεων
“παθητικά πυρίμαχα φυτά τα οποία είναι ανθεκτικά στη φωτιά — Δρυς”
The regulation names this plant group among its examples of passive fire-resistant plants that are resistant to fire.
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“güç yanan ve rüzgar perdesi oluşturan otsu veya odunsu bitkilerden — uygun meşe türleri”
The YARDOP circular directs managers to preserve, encourage, or use this named taxon in fire-resistant or slow-burning forest and fire-prevention plantings.
Avoids (1)
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Fire-Resistant Plants Common to Marin County
“listed as fire-prone”
Fire Safe Marin lists this taxon among common fire-prone plants in Marin County.
Listed without a rating (42)
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FLAMITS: FLAMmability plant traiTS database
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“energy flux (kW/m²): 90”
FLAMITS record 10682; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Polka2018-1; sampling ND. Primary study Polka2018: Pólka, M. (2018). Analysis of the heat and smoke release rate of selected undergrowth types. E3S Web of Conferences. Semarang, Indonesia.
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“energy flux (kW/m²): 55”
FLAMITS record 10683; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Polka2018-1; sampling ND. Primary study Polka2018: Pólka, M. (2018). Analysis of the heat and smoke release rate of selected undergrowth types. E3S Web of Conferences. Semarang, Indonesia.
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“energy flux (kW/m²): 22”
FLAMITS record 10684; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Polka2018-1; sampling ND. Primary study Polka2018: Pólka, M. (2018). Analysis of the heat and smoke release rate of selected undergrowth types. E3S Web of Conferences. Semarang, Indonesia.
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“total heat release (MJ/m²): 12”
FLAMITS record 10685; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Polka2018-1; sampling ND. Primary study Polka2018: Pólka, M. (2018). Analysis of the heat and smoke release rate of selected undergrowth types. E3S Web of Conferences. Semarang, Indonesia.
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“total heat release (MJ/m²): 14”
FLAMITS record 10686; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Polka2018-1; sampling ND. Primary study Polka2018: Pólka, M. (2018). Analysis of the heat and smoke release rate of selected undergrowth types. E3S Web of Conferences. Semarang, Indonesia.
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“total heat release (MJ/m²): 18”
FLAMITS record 10687; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Polka2018-1; sampling ND. Primary study Polka2018: Pólka, M. (2018). Analysis of the heat and smoke release rate of selected undergrowth types. E3S Web of Conferences. Semarang, Indonesia.
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“smoke release rate (m²/s): 0.02”
FLAMITS record 10688; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Polka2018-1; sampling ND. Primary study Polka2018: Pólka, M. (2018). Analysis of the heat and smoke release rate of selected undergrowth types. E3S Web of Conferences. Semarang, Indonesia.
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“smoke release rate (m²/s): 0.07”
FLAMITS record 10689; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Polka2018-1; sampling ND. Primary study Polka2018: Pólka, M. (2018). Analysis of the heat and smoke release rate of selected undergrowth types. E3S Web of Conferences. Semarang, Indonesia.
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“smoke release rate (m²/s): 0.04”
FLAMITS record 10690; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Polka2018-1; sampling ND. Primary study Polka2018: Pólka, M. (2018). Analysis of the heat and smoke release rate of selected undergrowth types. E3S Web of Conferences. Semarang, Indonesia.
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“mass loss rate (g/s): 1.11”
FLAMITS record 10691; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Polka2018-1; sampling ND. Primary study Polka2018: Pólka, M. (2018). Analysis of the heat and smoke release rate of selected undergrowth types. E3S Web of Conferences. Semarang, Indonesia.
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“mass loss rate (g/s): 0.15”
FLAMITS record 10692; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Polka2018-1; sampling ND. Primary study Polka2018: Pólka, M. (2018). Analysis of the heat and smoke release rate of selected undergrowth types. E3S Web of Conferences. Semarang, Indonesia.
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“mass loss rate (g/s): 0.2”
FLAMITS record 10693; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Polka2018-1; sampling ND. Primary study Polka2018: Pólka, M. (2018). Analysis of the heat and smoke release rate of selected undergrowth types. E3S Web of Conferences. Semarang, Indonesia.
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“time to flaming (s): 29.86”
FLAMITS record 12957; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Sotomayor2017-1; sampling ND. Primary study Sotomayor2017: Sotomayor-Castellanos, J., & Carrillo-Gómez, M. (2017). Comportamiento al fuego de cinco especies mexicanas. Estudio comparativo. Investigación e Ingeniería de la Madera, 13, 4-38.
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“burnt biomass (%): 97.36”
FLAMITS record 12962; Consumability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Sotomayor2017-1; sampling ND. Primary study Sotomayor2017: Sotomayor-Castellanos, J., & Carrillo-Gómez, M. (2017). Comportamiento al fuego de cinco especies mexicanas. Estudio comparativo. Investigación e Ingeniería de la Madera, 13, 4-38.
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“time to flaming (s): 75”
FLAMITS record 17313; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device radiant panel; site Simms1967-1; sampling ND. Primary study Simms1967: Simms, D.L., & Law, M. (1967). The ignition of wet and dry wood by radiation. Combustion and Flame, 11, 377388.
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“time to flaming (s): 93”
FLAMITS record 17314; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device radiant panel; site Simms1967-1; sampling ND. Primary study Simms1967: Simms, D.L., & Law, M. (1967). The ignition of wet and dry wood by radiation. Combustion and Flame, 11, 377388.
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“time to flaming (s): 62”
FLAMITS record 17315; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel live; predrying no; device radiant panel; site Simms1967-1; sampling ND. Primary study Simms1967: Simms, D.L., & Law, M. (1967). The ignition of wet and dry wood by radiation. Combustion and Flame, 11, 377388.
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“time to flaming (s): 72”
FLAMITS record 17316; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel live; predrying no; device radiant panel; site Simms1967-1; sampling ND. Primary study Simms1967: Simms, D.L., & Law, M. (1967). The ignition of wet and dry wood by radiation. Combustion and Flame, 11, 377388.
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“time to flaming (s): 105”
FLAMITS record 17317; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel live; predrying no; device radiant panel; site Simms1967-1; sampling ND. Primary study Simms1967: Simms, D.L., & Law, M. (1967). The ignition of wet and dry wood by radiation. Combustion and Flame, 11, 377388.
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“time to flaming (s): 74”
FLAMITS record 17318; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel live; predrying no; device radiant panel; site Simms1967-1; sampling ND. Primary study Simms1967: Simms, D.L., & Law, M. (1967). The ignition of wet and dry wood by radiation. Combustion and Flame, 11, 377388.
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“time to flaming (s): 84”
FLAMITS record 17319; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel live; predrying no; device radiant panel; site Simms1967-1; sampling ND. Primary study Simms1967: Simms, D.L., & Law, M. (1967). The ignition of wet and dry wood by radiation. Combustion and Flame, 11, 377388.
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“time to flaming (s): 80”
FLAMITS record 17320; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel live; predrying no; device radiant panel; site Simms1967-1; sampling ND. Primary study Simms1967: Simms, D.L., & Law, M. (1967). The ignition of wet and dry wood by radiation. Combustion and Flame, 11, 377388.
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“time to flaming (s): 96”
FLAMITS record 17321; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel live; predrying no; device radiant panel; site Simms1967-1; sampling ND. Primary study Simms1967: Simms, D.L., & Law, M. (1967). The ignition of wet and dry wood by radiation. Combustion and Flame, 11, 377388.
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“time to flaming (s): 94”
FLAMITS record 17322; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel live; predrying no; device radiant panel; site Simms1967-1; sampling ND. Primary study Simms1967: Simms, D.L., & Law, M. (1967). The ignition of wet and dry wood by radiation. Combustion and Flame, 11, 377388.
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“time to flaming (s): 119”
FLAMITS record 17323; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel live; predrying no; device radiant panel; site Simms1967-1; sampling ND. Primary study Simms1967: Simms, D.L., & Law, M. (1967). The ignition of wet and dry wood by radiation. Combustion and Flame, 11, 377388.
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“time to flaming (s): 1440”
FLAMITS record 19125; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Hao2020-1; sampling ND. Primary study Hao2020: Hao, H., Chow, C. L., & Lau, D. (2020). Effect of heat flux on combustion of different wood species. Fuel, 278, 118325.
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“time to flaming (s): 90”
FLAMITS record 19126; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Hao2020-1; sampling ND. Primary study Hao2020: Hao, H., Chow, C. L., & Lau, D. (2020). Effect of heat flux on combustion of different wood species. Fuel, 278, 118325.
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“time to flaming (s): 45”
FLAMITS record 19127; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Hao2020-1; sampling ND. Primary study Hao2020: Hao, H., Chow, C. L., & Lau, D. (2020). Effect of heat flux on combustion of different wood species. Fuel, 278, 118325.
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“energy flux (kW/m²): 196”
FLAMITS record 19134; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Hao2020-1; sampling ND. Primary study Hao2020: Hao, H., Chow, C. L., & Lau, D. (2020). Effect of heat flux on combustion of different wood species. Fuel, 278, 118325.
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“energy flux (kW/m²): 191.3”
FLAMITS record 19135; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Hao2020-1; sampling ND. Primary study Hao2020: Hao, H., Chow, C. L., & Lau, D. (2020). Effect of heat flux on combustion of different wood species. Fuel, 278, 118325.
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“energy flux (kW/m²): 233.5”
FLAMITS record 19136; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Hao2020-1; sampling ND. Primary study Hao2020: Hao, H., Chow, C. L., & Lau, D. (2020). Effect of heat flux on combustion of different wood species. Fuel, 278, 118325.
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“mass loss rate (g/s): 0.3”
FLAMITS record 19143; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Hao2020-1; sampling ND. Primary study Hao2020: Hao, H., Chow, C. L., & Lau, D. (2020). Effect of heat flux on combustion of different wood species. Fuel, 278, 118325.
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“mass loss rate (g/s): 0.09”
FLAMITS record 19144; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Hao2020-1; sampling ND. Primary study Hao2020: Hao, H., Chow, C. L., & Lau, D. (2020). Effect of heat flux on combustion of different wood species. Fuel, 278, 118325.
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“mass loss rate (g/s): 0.11”
FLAMITS record 19145; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Hao2020-1; sampling ND. Primary study Hao2020: Hao, H., Chow, C. L., & Lau, D. (2020). Effect of heat flux on combustion of different wood species. Fuel, 278, 118325.
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“time to flaming (s): 1349”
FLAMITS record 19225; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Ji2003-1; sampling ND. Primary study Ji2003: Ji, J., Yang, L. -H., Chen, X., & Fan, W. (2003). Study on the effects of heat flux levels on heat release rate of wood. Journal Fire Science, 21, 5565.
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“time to flaming (s): 214”
FLAMITS record 19226; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Ji2003-1; sampling ND. Primary study Ji2003: Ji, J., Yang, L. -H., Chen, X., & Fan, W. (2003). Study on the effects of heat flux levels on heat release rate of wood. Journal Fire Science, 21, 5565.
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“time to flaming (s): 111”
FLAMITS record 19227; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Ji2003-1; sampling ND. Primary study Ji2003: Ji, J., Yang, L. -H., Chen, X., & Fan, W. (2003). Study on the effects of heat flux levels on heat release rate of wood. Journal Fire Science, 21, 5565.
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“time to flaming (s): 61”
FLAMITS record 19228; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Ji2003-1; sampling ND. Primary study Ji2003: Ji, J., Yang, L. -H., Chen, X., & Fan, W. (2003). Study on the effects of heat flux levels on heat release rate of wood. Journal Fire Science, 21, 5565.
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“mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 9.26”
FLAMITS record 19241; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Ji2003-1; sampling ND. Primary study Ji2003: Ji, J., Yang, L. -H., Chen, X., & Fan, W. (2003). Study on the effects of heat flux levels on heat release rate of wood. Journal Fire Science, 21, 5565.
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“mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 8.8”
FLAMITS record 19242; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Ji2003-1; sampling ND. Primary study Ji2003: Ji, J., Yang, L. -H., Chen, X., & Fan, W. (2003). Study on the effects of heat flux levels on heat release rate of wood. Journal Fire Science, 21, 5565.
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“mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 9.23”
FLAMITS record 19243; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Ji2003-1; sampling ND. Primary study Ji2003: Ji, J., Yang, L. -H., Chen, X., & Fan, W. (2003). Study on the effects of heat flux levels on heat release rate of wood. Journal Fire Science, 21, 5565.
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“mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 10.3”
FLAMITS record 19244; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Ji2003-1; sampling ND. Primary study Ji2003: Ji, J., Yang, L. -H., Chen, X., & Fan, W. (2003). Study on the effects of heat flux levels on heat release rate of wood. Journal Fire Science, 21, 5565.
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