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Spanish lavender

Lavandula stoechas · Lamiaceae · all Lavandula records

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Separate evidence questions, never one approval badge

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1. Fire evidence and conditions

Fire evidence: Highly flammable — location does not change the cited classification.
Fire-performance conditions: 1 condition stated in cited fire-evidence rows.
Fire ecology context: No section-reviewed fire-ecology context is normalized.
Placement evidence: 2 source placement records; source schemes remain separate.
Evidence regions: California; Central Spain; Global; Tlemcen, western Algeria
Maintenance: No sourced horticultural maintenance assertion is normalized; fire-test conditions do not supply maintenance advice.

2. Why this plant is relevant here

State distribution: Documented in CA.
Native range: No current cited or legacy state native range is normalized.
Introduced / established: 1 sourced range or established record; set a location to match them. This is not an invasive warning.
USDA hardiness: No hardiness value is normalized.

3. Legal, ecological, and broader status

Legal-list status: Set a location for an exact legal-list result; source silence is not clearance.
Seed-list status: Set a location to compare the separate state noxious-weed seed layer.
Reported invasive here: No ecological invasive report is normalized; that does not prove noninvasiveness.
Broader regional context: Aggregate AK, HI, and L48 evidence is shown only as regional context, never as an exact-state finding.
Federal context: Federal designations remain separate from state legal-list results.

How to read this page

The status above is computed from the cited rows below: independent recommendations can support a fire-resistant result, an avoid row can produce keep-away, and disagreement stays visible as conflict. Placement notes preserve each source’s own scheme rather than translating unlike rules into one scale. This is evidence about a plant, not permission to plant it in every part of the defensible space; Zone 0 remains noncombustible.

Form: shrub
Grows in: CA
Rated in: California; Central Spain; Global; Tlemcen, western Algeria
Family: Lamiaceae
Evidence: 39 cited sources

Conditions in the fire evidence

These describe tested or rated plant material. They are not horticultural maintenance instructions.

green: A new bench-scale methodology for evaluating the flammability of live forest fuels evidence row, The fire risk of the plant groupings with Cistus in the area of Tlemcen (Western Algeria) evidence row

Where its sources say to plant it

Placement rules below use each source's own distances or named zones, tied to its rating. They are not interchangeable with the directory's current Zone 0 guidance.

Low-volume and slow-burning vegetation for planting on cl…: Table 5: Plants not considered suitable for use to reduce fire hazards [nord-green-brushland-clearing-performance] (mid-scale rating)
The fire risk of the plant groupings with Cistus in the a…: Table 1 [henaoui-2013-fresh-material-flammability] (with its avoid rating)

The evidence

Grouped by what each source concluded. Primary evidence rated the plant itself (a lab, field program, or original curation); corroboration compiled or republished another source's rating and resolves to its root lineage.

Avoids (1)

The fire risk of the plant groupings with Cistus in the area of Tlemcen (Western Algeria) — European Scientific Journal · European Scientific Journal 9(29) · original source Primary evidence Lab-tested lineage: valette-1990

“High flammability — note 3” · score 3 (henaoui-2013-flammability-note-1-3) · condition: green · original source

Table 1 classifies Lavandula stoechas at flammability note 3; the paper prints its stratum as Herbaceous.

Listed without a rating (38)

A new bench-scale methodology for evaluating the flammability of live forest fuels — SAGE / Journal of Fire Sciences (INIA-CIFOR Forest Fire Laboratory) · Journal of Fire Sciences 31(2) · original source Primary evidence Lab-tested lineage: inia-madrid-tree

“Flammability variables for the species studied” · condition: green

Live-fuel comparison at 50 kW/m², 10 g fixed dry mass, 20 kg/m³ bulk density, piloted ignition, and FMC 110%. Table 1 mean (repeatability SD): TTI 24 (2) s; PHRR 179 (14) kW/m²; AEHC 8.03 (0.87) MJ/kg; MLR 0.15 (0.03) g/s; THR 6.98 (1.43) MJ/m². Kruskall–Wallis p values by species: TTI 0.0153; PHRR 0.0216; AEHC 0.0307; MLR 0.0300; THR 0.0156. The paper gives no overall species class or composite rank.
Low-volume and slow-burning vegetation for planting on clearings in California chaparral — USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station · PSW-124 · original source Primary evidence Field program

“Plants not considered suitable for use to reduce fire hazards”

Lavandula stoechas: Somewhat too tall with sparse upstanding branches and relatively fine foliage.
FLAMITS: FLAMmability plant traiTS database — Dryad / Global Ecology and Biogeography · Dryad version 9 · original source Corroboration Trait database lineage: meta-aggregator

36 cited rows from this source; its identity, lineage and tier are stated once.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4772.14” · score 4772.14 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 3943; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Gillon1997-1; sampling june to september. Primary study Gillon1997: Gillon, D., Hernando, C., Valette, J.-C., & Joffre, R. (1997). Fast estimation of the calorific values of forest fuels by near infrared-reflectance spectroscopy. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 27, 760-765.
- “time to flaming (s): 19.1” · score 19.1 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 4711; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Hachmi2011-1; sampling ND. Primary study Hachmi2011: Hachmi, M. H., Sesbou, A., Benjelloun, H., El Handouz, N., & Bouanane, F. (2011). A Simple Technique to Estimate the Flammability Index of Moroccan Forest Fuels. Journal of Combustion, 2011, 1-11.
- “flame height (cm): 9” · score 9 (FLAMITS — flame height (cm))
  
  FLAMITS record 4757; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Hachmi2011-1; sampling ND. Primary study Hachmi2011: Hachmi, M. H., Sesbou, A., Benjelloun, H., El Handouz, N., & Bouanane, F. (2011). A Simple Technique to Estimate the Flammability Index of Moroccan Forest Fuels. Journal of Combustion, 2011, 1-11.
- “burning duration (s): 9.3” · score 9.3 (FLAMITS — burning duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 4758; Sustainability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Hachmi2011-1; sampling ND. Primary study Hachmi2011: Hachmi, M. H., Sesbou, A., Benjelloun, H., El Handouz, N., & Bouanane, F. (2011). A Simple Technique to Estimate the Flammability Index of Moroccan Forest Fuels. Journal of Combustion, 2011, 1-11.
- “flammability value: 2.33” · score 2.33 (FLAMITS — flammability value)
  
  FLAMITS record 4796; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Hachmi2011-1; sampling ND. Primary study Hachmi2011: Hachmi, M. H., Sesbou, A., Benjelloun, H., El Handouz, N., & Bouanane, F. (2011). A Simple Technique to Estimate the Flammability Index of Moroccan Forest Fuels. Journal of Combustion, 2011, 1-11.
- “flame height (cm): 26.98” · score 26.98 (FLAMITS — flame height (cm))
  
  FLAMITS record 4888; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device infrared burner; site Henaoui2013-1; sampling spring. Primary study Henaoui2013: Henaoui, S. E. -A., Bouazza, M., & Amara, M. (2013). The fire risk of the plant groupings with Cistus in the area of Tlemcen (Western Algeria). European Scientific Journal, 9, 84-103.
- “time to flaming (s): 40.56” · score 40.56 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 4926; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device infrared burner; site Henaoui2013-1; sampling spring. Primary study Henaoui2013: Henaoui, S. E. -A., Bouazza, M., & Amara, M. (2013). The fire risk of the plant groupings with Cistus in the area of Tlemcen (Western Algeria). European Scientific Journal, 9, 84-103.
- “burning duration (s): 130.94” · score 130.94 (FLAMITS — burning duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 4964; Sustainability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device infrared burner; site Henaoui2013-1; sampling spring. Primary study Henaoui2013: Henaoui, S. E. -A., Bouazza, M., & Amara, M. (2013). The fire risk of the plant groupings with Cistus in the area of Tlemcen (Western Algeria). European Scientific Journal, 9, 84-103.
- “flaming duration (s): 62” · score 62 (FLAMITS — flaming duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 7330; Sustainability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Madrigal2011a-1; sampling ND. Primary study Madrigal2011a: Madrigal, J., Guijarro, M., Hernando, C., Díez, C., & Marino, E. (2011a). Effective Heat of Combustion for Flaming Combustion of Mediterranean Forest Fuels. Fire Technology, 47, 461-474.
- “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 343” · score 343 (FLAMITS — maximum energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 7350; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Madrigal2011a-1; sampling ND. Primary study Madrigal2011a: Madrigal, J., Guijarro, M., Hernando, C., Díez, C., & Marino, E. (2011a). Effective Heat of Combustion for Flaming Combustion of Mediterranean Forest Fuels. Fire Technology, 47, 461-474.
- “time to flaming (s): 4” · score 4 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 7370; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Madrigal2011a-1; sampling ND. Primary study Madrigal2011a: Madrigal, J., Guijarro, M., Hernando, C., Díez, C., & Marino, E. (2011a). Effective Heat of Combustion for Flaming Combustion of Mediterranean Forest Fuels. Fire Technology, 47, 461-474.
- “mass loss rate (g/s): 0.06” · score 0.06 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s))
  
  FLAMITS record 7390; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Madrigal2011a-1; sampling ND. Primary study Madrigal2011a: Madrigal, J., Guijarro, M., Hernando, C., Díez, C., & Marino, E. (2011a). Effective Heat of Combustion for Flaming Combustion of Mediterranean Forest Fuels. Fire Technology, 47, 461-474.
- “total heat release (MJ/m²): 17.81” · score 17.81 (FLAMITS — total heat release (MJ/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 7410; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Madrigal2011a-1; sampling ND. Primary study Madrigal2011a: Madrigal, J., Guijarro, M., Hernando, C., Díez, C., & Marino, E. (2011a). Effective Heat of Combustion for Flaming Combustion of Mediterranean Forest Fuels. Fire Technology, 47, 461-474.
- “time to flaming (s): 24” · score 24 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 7499; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Madrigal2013-1; sampling june to september. Primary study Madrigal2013: Madrigal, J., Hernando, C., & Guijarro, M. (2013). A new bench-scale methodology for evaluating the flammability of live forest fuels. Journal of Fire Sciences, 31, 131-142.
- “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 179” · score 179 (FLAMITS — maximum energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 7503; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Madrigal2013-1; sampling june to september. Primary study Madrigal2013: Madrigal, J., Hernando, C., & Guijarro, M. (2013). A new bench-scale methodology for evaluating the flammability of live forest fuels. Journal of Fire Sciences, 31, 131-142.
- “mass loss rate (g/s): 8.03” · score 8.03 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s))
  
  FLAMITS record 7507; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Madrigal2013-1; sampling june to september. Primary study Madrigal2013: Madrigal, J., Hernando, C., & Guijarro, M. (2013). A new bench-scale methodology for evaluating the flammability of live forest fuels. Journal of Fire Sciences, 31, 131-142.
- “total heat release (MJ/m²): 6.98” · score 6.98 (FLAMITS — total heat release (MJ/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 7511; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Madrigal2013-1; sampling june to september. Primary study Madrigal2013: Madrigal, J., Hernando, C., & Guijarro, M. (2013). A new bench-scale methodology for evaluating the flammability of live forest fuels. Journal of Fire Sciences, 31, 131-142.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 1917.93” · score 1917.93 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 7515; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Madrigal2013-1; sampling june to september. Primary study Madrigal2013: Madrigal, J., Hernando, C., & Guijarro, M. (2013). A new bench-scale methodology for evaluating the flammability of live forest fuels. Journal of Fire Sciences, 31, 131-142.
- “time to flaming (s): 25” · score 25 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 7721; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-2; sampling march. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “time to flaming (s): 60” · score 60 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 7722; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-2; sampling may. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “time to flaming (s): 23” · score 23 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 7723; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-2; sampling july. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “time to flaming (s): 8” · score 8 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 7724; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-2; sampling august. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “time to flaming (s): 7” · score 7 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 7725; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-2; sampling september. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “time to flaming (s): 16” · score 16 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 7726; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-2; sampling october. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “time to flaming (s): 22” · score 22 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 7727; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-2; sampling november. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “time to flaming (s): 40” · score 40 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 7728; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-2; sampling december. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4956” · score 4956 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 7902; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-2; sampling ND. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “flammability value: 2” · score 2 (FLAMITS — flammability value)
  
  FLAMITS record 7950; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-2; sampling ND. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “ignition frequency (%): 21” · score 21 (FLAMITS — ignition frequency (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 8120; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-2; sampling march. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “ignition frequency (%): 11” · score 11 (FLAMITS — ignition frequency (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 8121; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-2; sampling may. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “ignition frequency (%): 100” · score 100 (FLAMITS — ignition frequency (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 8122; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-2; sampling july. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “ignition frequency (%): 100” · score 100 (FLAMITS — ignition frequency (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 8123; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-2; sampling august. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “ignition frequency (%): 99” · score 99 (FLAMITS — ignition frequency (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 8124; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-2; sampling september. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “ignition frequency (%): 100” · score 100 (FLAMITS — ignition frequency (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 8125; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-2; sampling october. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “ignition frequency (%): 100” · score 100 (FLAMITS — ignition frequency (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 8126; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-2; sampling november. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “ignition frequency (%): 39” · score 39 (FLAMITS — ignition frequency (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 8127; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-2; sampling december. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque

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Fire-resistant shrubs listed above

Last verified 2026-08-25. JSON (CC BY 4.0)

Profiles: USDA PLANTS · GBIF ·

Lavandula stoechas (Spanish lavender). FireApproved. https://fireapproved.com/plants/lavandula-stoechas/. Last verified 2026-08-25.