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Toona sinensis

Toona sinensis · Meliaceae · all Toona records

Your local evidence lens

Separate evidence questions, never one approval badge

Set a ZIP to compare this record with state distribution, native range, USDA hardiness, and invasive records.

A genus split is not a placement verdict. Set a ZIP to read the local documented split.

1. Fire evidence and conditions

Fire evidence: Mixed evidence — location does not change the cited classification.
Fire-performance conditions: No test or rating condition is normalized.
Fire ecology context: No section-reviewed fire-ecology context is normalized.
Placement evidence: 0 source placement records; source schemes remain separate.
Evidence regions: Global
Maintenance: No sourced horticultural maintenance assertion is normalized; fire-test conditions do not supply maintenance advice.

2. Why this plant is relevant here

State distribution: No state distribution is normalized.
Native range: No current cited or legacy state native range is normalized.
Introduced / established: 1 sourced range or established record; set a location to match them. This is not an invasive warning.
USDA hardiness: No hardiness value is normalized.

3. Legal, ecological, and broader status

Legal-list status: Set a location for an exact legal-list result; source silence is not clearance.
Seed-list status: Set a location to compare the separate state noxious-weed seed layer.
Reported invasive here: No ecological invasive report is normalized; that does not prove noninvasiveness.
Broader regional context: Aggregate AK, HI, and L48 evidence is shown only as regional context, never as an exact-state finding.
Federal context: Federal designations remain separate from state legal-list results.

How to read this page

The status above is computed from the cited rows below: independent recommendations can support a fire-resistant result, an avoid row can produce keep-away, and disagreement stays visible as conflict. Placement notes preserve each source’s own scheme rather than translating unlike rules into one scale. This is evidence about a plant, not permission to plant it in every part of the defensible space; Zone 0 remains noncombustible.

Form: tree
Region: China
Rated in: Global
Family: Meliaceae
Evidence: 18 cited sources

Native and introduced range evidence

These are exact U.S. botanical-area records from the cited range source. Native and introduced describe biogeographic relationship, not fire performance or planting approval. Doubtful and extinct rows stay visible but do not count as current presence.

Current native

0

exact source areas

Current introduced

1

exact source area

Qualified

0

doubtful or extinct source rows

1 introduced source area · World Checklist of Vascular Plants, version 16 v16, as of 2026-06-04

Maryland (MD)

The lossless worldwide derivative is retained once in the research corpus; object pages repeat only exact U.S. areas needed by the local lens. The JSON twin carries the same page assertions.

The evidence

Grouped by what each source concluded. Primary evidence rated the plant itself (a lab, field program, or original curation); corroboration compiled or republished another source's rating and resolves to its root lineage.

Listed without a rating (18)

FLAMITS: FLAMmability plant traiTS database — Dryad / Global Ecology and Biogeography · Dryad version 9 · original source Corroboration Trait database lineage: meta-aggregator

18 cited rows from this source; its identity, lineage and tier are stated once.
- “maximum flame temperature (°C): 302” · score 302 (FLAMITS — maximum flame temperature (°C))
  
  FLAMITS record 17486; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel live; predrying no; device burning bench; site Lizhong2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Lizhong2007: Lizhong, Y., Zaifu, G., Yupeng, Z., & Weicheng, F. (2007). The influence of different external heating ways on pyrolysis and spontaneous ignition of some woods. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 78, 4045.
- “maximum flame temperature (°C): 328” · score 328 (FLAMITS — maximum flame temperature (°C))
  
  FLAMITS record 17489; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel live; predrying no; device burning bench; site Lizhong2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Lizhong2007: Lizhong, Y., Zaifu, G., Yupeng, Z., & Weicheng, F. (2007). The influence of different external heating ways on pyrolysis and spontaneous ignition of some woods. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 78, 4045.
- “maximum flame temperature (°C): 327” · score 327 (FLAMITS — maximum flame temperature (°C))
  
  FLAMITS record 17492; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel live; predrying no; device burning bench; site Lizhong2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Lizhong2007: Lizhong, Y., Zaifu, G., Yupeng, Z., & Weicheng, F. (2007). The influence of different external heating ways on pyrolysis and spontaneous ignition of some woods. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 78, 4045.
- “time to flaming (s): 188.25” · score 188.25 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 17494; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel live; predrying no; device burning bench; site Lizhong2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Lizhong2007: Lizhong, Y., Zaifu, G., Yupeng, Z., & Weicheng, F. (2007). The influence of different external heating ways on pyrolysis and spontaneous ignition of some woods. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 78, 4045.
- “time to flaming (s): 136.33” · score 136.33 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 17498; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel live; predrying no; device burning bench; site Lizhong2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Lizhong2007: Lizhong, Y., Zaifu, G., Yupeng, Z., & Weicheng, F. (2007). The influence of different external heating ways on pyrolysis and spontaneous ignition of some woods. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 78, 4045.
- “time to flaming (s): 113.25” · score 113.25 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 17502; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel live; predrying no; device burning bench; site Lizhong2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Lizhong2007: Lizhong, Y., Zaifu, G., Yupeng, Z., & Weicheng, F. (2007). The influence of different external heating ways on pyrolysis and spontaneous ignition of some woods. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 78, 4045.
- “time to flaming (s): 92” · score 92 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 17505; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel live; predrying no; device burning bench; site Lizhong2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Lizhong2007: Lizhong, Y., Zaifu, G., Yupeng, Z., & Weicheng, F. (2007). The influence of different external heating ways on pyrolysis and spontaneous ignition of some woods. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 78, 4045.
- “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 39.4” · score 39.4 (FLAMITS — maximum energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 17510; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel live; predrying no; device burning bench; site Lizhong2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Lizhong2007: Lizhong, Y., Zaifu, G., Yupeng, Z., & Weicheng, F. (2007). The influence of different external heating ways on pyrolysis and spontaneous ignition of some woods. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 78, 4045.
- “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 47.2” · score 47.2 (FLAMITS — maximum energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 17513; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel live; predrying no; device burning bench; site Lizhong2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Lizhong2007: Lizhong, Y., Zaifu, G., Yupeng, Z., & Weicheng, F. (2007). The influence of different external heating ways on pyrolysis and spontaneous ignition of some woods. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 78, 4045.
- “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 51.1” · score 51.1 (FLAMITS — maximum energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 17516; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel live; predrying no; device burning bench; site Lizhong2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Lizhong2007: Lizhong, Y., Zaifu, G., Yupeng, Z., & Weicheng, F. (2007). The influence of different external heating ways on pyrolysis and spontaneous ignition of some woods. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 78, 4045.
- “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 23.4” · score 23.4 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s))
  
  FLAMITS record 17518; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel live; predrying no; device burning bench; site Lizhong2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Lizhong2007: Lizhong, Y., Zaifu, G., Yupeng, Z., & Weicheng, F. (2007). The influence of different external heating ways on pyrolysis and spontaneous ignition of some woods. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 78, 4045.
- “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 30” · score 30 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s))
  
  FLAMITS record 17522; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel live; predrying no; device burning bench; site Lizhong2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Lizhong2007: Lizhong, Y., Zaifu, G., Yupeng, Z., & Weicheng, F. (2007). The influence of different external heating ways on pyrolysis and spontaneous ignition of some woods. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 78, 4045.
- “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 21.7” · score 21.7 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s))
  
  FLAMITS record 17526; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel live; predrying no; device burning bench; site Lizhong2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Lizhong2007: Lizhong, Y., Zaifu, G., Yupeng, Z., & Weicheng, F. (2007). The influence of different external heating ways on pyrolysis and spontaneous ignition of some woods. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 78, 4045.
- “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 23.3” · score 23.3 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s))
  
  FLAMITS record 17529; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel live; predrying no; device burning bench; site Lizhong2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Lizhong2007: Lizhong, Y., Zaifu, G., Yupeng, Z., & Weicheng, F. (2007). The influence of different external heating ways on pyrolysis and spontaneous ignition of some woods. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 78, 4045.
- “rate of burning spread (cm/s): 0.0005” · score 0.0005 (FLAMITS — rate of burning spread (cm/s))
  
  FLAMITS record 17534; Sustainability measurement; plant part wood; fuel live; predrying no; device burning bench; site Lizhong2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Lizhong2007: Lizhong, Y., Zaifu, G., Yupeng, Z., & Weicheng, F. (2007). The influence of different external heating ways on pyrolysis and spontaneous ignition of some woods. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 78, 4045.
- “rate of burning spread (cm/s): 0.00085” · score 0.00085 (FLAMITS — rate of burning spread (cm/s))
  
  FLAMITS record 17537; Sustainability measurement; plant part wood; fuel live; predrying no; device burning bench; site Lizhong2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Lizhong2007: Lizhong, Y., Zaifu, G., Yupeng, Z., & Weicheng, F. (2007). The influence of different external heating ways on pyrolysis and spontaneous ignition of some woods. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 78, 4045.
- “rate of burning spread (cm/s): 0.001066667” · score 0.001066667 (FLAMITS — rate of burning spread (cm/s))
  
  FLAMITS record 17540; Sustainability measurement; plant part wood; fuel live; predrying no; device burning bench; site Lizhong2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Lizhong2007: Lizhong, Y., Zaifu, G., Yupeng, Z., & Weicheng, F. (2007). The influence of different external heating ways on pyrolysis and spontaneous ignition of some woods. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 78, 4045.
- “rate of burning spread (cm/s): 0.00125” · score 0.00125 (FLAMITS — rate of burning spread (cm/s))
  
  FLAMITS record 17543; Sustainability measurement; plant part wood; fuel live; predrying no; device burning bench; site Lizhong2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Lizhong2007: Lizhong, Y., Zaifu, G., Yupeng, Z., & Weicheng, F. (2007). The influence of different external heating ways on pyrolysis and spontaneous ignition of some woods. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 78, 4045.

Fire-resistant trees instead

Post oak
Quercus stellata

Red oak
Quercus rubra

Gambel Oak
Quercus gambelii

Basswood
Tilia americana

Oak
Quercus spp.

Dahurian larch
Larix gmelinii

Last verified 2026-08-25. JSON (CC BY 4.0)

Profiles: GBIF ·

Toona sinensis (Toona sinensis). FireApproved. https://fireapproved.com/plants/toona-sinensis/. Last verified 2026-08-25.