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Late Cotoneaster
Cotoneaster lacteus
Your local evidence lens
Separate evidence questions, never one approval badge
A genus split is not a placement verdict. Set a ZIP to read the local documented split.
1. Fire evidence and conditions
- Fire evidence
- Mixed evidence — location does not change the cited classification.
- Fire-performance conditions
- No test or rating condition is normalized.
- Fire ecology context
- No section-reviewed fire-ecology context is normalized.
- Placement evidence
- 1 source placement record; source schemes remain separate.
- Evidence regions
- Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa; Global
- Maintenance
- No sourced horticultural maintenance assertion is normalized; fire-test conditions do not supply maintenance advice.
2. Why this plant is relevant here
- State distribution
- Documented in CA, OR, WA.
- Native range
- No current cited or legacy state native range is normalized.
- Introduced / established
- 1 sourced range or established record; set a location to match them. This is not an invasive warning.
- USDA hardiness
- No hardiness value is normalized.
3. Legal, ecological, and broader status
- Legal-list status
- Set a location for an exact legal-list result; source silence is not clearance.
- Seed-list status
- Set a location to compare the separate state noxious-weed seed layer.
- Reported invasive here
- No ecological invasive report is normalized; that does not prove noninvasiveness.
- Broader regional context
- Aggregate AK, HI, and L48 evidence is shown only as regional context, never as an exact-state finding.
- Federal context
- Federal designations remain separate from state legal-list results.
How to read this page
The status above is computed from the cited rows below: independent recommendations can support a fire-resistant result, an avoid row can produce keep-away, and disagreement stays visible as conflict. Placement notes preserve each source’s own scheme rather than translating unlike rules into one scale. This is evidence about a plant, not permission to plant it in every part of the defensible space; Zone 0 remains noncombustible.
- Form
- tree
- Grows in
- CA, OR, WA
- Rated in
- Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa; Global
- Family
- Rosaceae
- Evidence
- 8 cited sources
Where its sources say to plant it
- Time to extinguish the exotic flame: Lessons from the 202…: Urban zone; Table 1 and deposited raw workbook
The evidence
Mid-scale / conditional (1)
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Time to extinguish the exotic flame: Lessons from the 2021 Cape Town fire
“Didn't burn”
Official-workbook means across 50 leaf trials: fresh ignition 5.825 s, fresh sustainability 24.947 s, dry ignition 2.213 s, dry sustainability 13.565 s, and combustibility 11.698 mg DW s-1. Published Table 1 observation for the 2021 fire: Didn't burn.
Listed without a rating (7)
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FLAMITS: FLAMmability plant traiTS database
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“time to flaming (s): 9”
FLAMITS record 11645; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Salvo2015-1; sampling ND. Primary study Salvo2015: Salvo-Aires, F. (2015). Effects of woody weeds on fuels and fire behaviour in Eastern Australian forests and woodlands. PhD. Dissertation. University of Sydney.
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“maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 202”
FLAMITS record 11682; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Salvo2015-1; sampling ND. Primary study Salvo2015: Salvo-Aires, F. (2015). Effects of woody weeds on fuels and fire behaviour in Eastern Australian forests and woodlands. PhD. Dissertation. University of Sydney.
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“flaming duration (s): 99”
FLAMITS record 11719; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Salvo2015-1; sampling ND. Primary study Salvo2015: Salvo-Aires, F. (2015). Effects of woody weeds on fuels and fire behaviour in Eastern Australian forests and woodlands. PhD. Dissertation. University of Sydney.
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“mass loss rate (g/s): 0.17”
FLAMITS record 11756; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Salvo2015-1; sampling ND. Primary study Salvo2015: Salvo-Aires, F. (2015). Effects of woody weeds on fuels and fire behaviour in Eastern Australian forests and woodlands. PhD. Dissertation. University of Sydney.
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“burnt biomass (%): 88”
FLAMITS record 11793; Consumability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Salvo2015-1; sampling ND. Primary study Salvo2015: Salvo-Aires, F. (2015). Effects of woody weeds on fuels and fire behaviour in Eastern Australian forests and woodlands. PhD. Dissertation. University of Sydney.
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“calorific value (kcal/kg): 3890.79”
FLAMITS record 11830; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Salvo2015-1; sampling ND. Primary study Salvo2015: Salvo-Aires, F. (2015). Effects of woody weeds on fuels and fire behaviour in Eastern Australian forests and woodlands. PhD. Dissertation. University of Sydney.
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“energy flux (kW/m²): 153”
FLAMITS record 11867; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Salvo2015-1; sampling ND. Primary study Salvo2015: Salvo-Aires, F. (2015). Effects of woody weeds on fuels and fire behaviour in Eastern Australian forests and woodlands. PhD. Dissertation. University of Sydney.
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