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Kermes oak

Quercus coccifera · Fagaceae · all Quercus records

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Separate evidence questions, never one approval badge

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A genus split is not a placement verdict. Set a ZIP to read the local documented split.

1. Fire evidence and conditions

Fire evidence: Highly flammable — location does not change the cited classification.
Fire-performance conditions: No test or rating condition is normalized.
Fire ecology context: No section-reviewed fire-ecology context is normalized.
Placement evidence: 2 source placement records; source schemes remain separate.
Evidence regions: Catalonia, Spain; Global; Greece; Mediterranean France / Provence
Maintenance: No sourced horticultural maintenance assertion is normalized; fire-test conditions do not supply maintenance advice.

2. Why this plant is relevant here

State distribution: No state distribution is normalized.
Native range: No current cited or legacy state native range is normalized.
Introduced / established: No introduced or established row is normalized; that does not prove native status.
USDA hardiness: No hardiness value is normalized.

3. Legal, ecological, and broader status

Legal-list status: Set a location for an exact legal-list result; source silence is not clearance.
Seed-list status: Set a location to compare the separate state noxious-weed seed layer.
Reported invasive here: No ecological invasive report is normalized; that does not prove noninvasiveness.
Broader regional context: Aggregate AK, HI, and L48 evidence is shown only as regional context, never as an exact-state finding.
Federal context: Federal designations remain separate from state legal-list results.

How to read this page

The status above is computed from the cited rows below: independent recommendations can support a fire-resistant result, an avoid row can produce keep-away, and disagreement stays visible as conflict. Placement notes preserve each source’s own scheme rather than translating unlike rules into one scale. This is evidence about a plant, not permission to plant it in every part of the defensible space; Zone 0 remains noncombustible.

Kermes oak (Quercus coccifera) — Photo: (c) Katya, some rights reserved (CC BY) (CC BY), via iNaturalist. Species-typical, not necessarily this cultivar.

Form: shrub
Region: France; Greece; Mediterranean France; Morocco; Spain; Turkey
Rated in: Catalonia, Spain; Global; Greece; Mediterranean France / Provence
Family: Fagaceae
Evidence: 132 cited sources

Where its sources say to plant it

Placement rules below use each source's own distances or named zones, tied to its rating. They are not interchangeable with the directory's current Zone 0 guidance.

Guía de pirojardinería: not suitable inside the 25-metre maximum-risk zone [girona-2020-iuf-25m-suitability] (with its avoid rating)
Κανονισμός Πυροπροστασίας Ακινήτων εντός ή πλησίον δασικώ…: section 5.4.2, Table 2δi [greece-2023-particularly-flammable] (with its avoid rating)

The evidence

Grouped by what each source concluded. Primary evidence rated the plant itself (a lab, field program, or original curation); corroboration compiled or republished another source's rating and resolves to its root lineage.

Avoids (3)

Inflammabilités des espèces forestières méditerranéennes (Valette 1990) — INRA Station de Sylviculture méditerranéenne, Avignon (Revue Forestière Française XLII) · 1990 · original source Primary evidence Lab-tested lineage: inra-tree

“INRA inflammability note 4 of 5 (July-September maximum)” · score 4 (inra-0-5)

Monthly inflammability notes May-April: 0, 1, 3, 4, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4 (epiradiator tests, INRA Avignon).

Source wording: “hautement inflammable”
Guía de pirojardinería — guía práctica de jardinería adaptada a la prevención de incendios forestales — Diputació de Girona and Bombers de la Generalitat de Catalunya · 2020 Spanish edition · original source Primary evidence Expert-curated lineage: elvira-hernando-1989 + cooperem-tree

“DESACONSEJADA”

Quercus coccifera is rated “DESACONSEJADA” by the guide's qualitative IUF garden-suitability method. The method assumes species-specific care and integrates fire evidence with fuel structure, maintenance, origin, invasiveness, and expert fire-service experience.
Κανονισμός Πυροπροστασίας Ακινήτων εντός ή πλησίον δασικών εκτάσεων — Hellenic Ministry of Environment and Energy · FEK B 3475/2023 · original source Corroboration Regulation

“ΙΔΙΑΙΤΕΡΑ ΕΥΦΛΕΚΤΑ ΕΝΔΗΜΙΚΑ ΦΥΤΑ — Quercus coccifera”

The regulation prints this taxon in its table of particularly flammable endemic trees and shrubs.

Listed without a rating (129)

FLAMITS: FLAMmability plant traiTS database — Dryad / Global Ecology and Biogeography · Dryad version 9 · original source Corroboration Trait database lineage: meta-aggregator

129 cited rows from this source; its identity, lineage and tier are stated once.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4600.86” · score 4600.86 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 2966; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Dimitrakopoulos2001-1; sampling december. Primary study Dimitrakopoulos2001: Dimitrakopoulos, A. P., & Panov, P. I. (2001). Pyric properties of some dominant Mediterranean vegetation species. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 10, 23-27.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4440.72” · score 4440.72 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 2976; Combustibility measurement; plant part stems; fuel dead; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Dimitrakopoulos2001-1; sampling december. Primary study Dimitrakopoulos2001: Dimitrakopoulos, A. P., & Panov, P. I. (2001). Pyric properties of some dominant Mediterranean vegetation species. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 10, 23-27.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4759” · score 4759 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 3124; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Doat1981-1; sampling ND. Primary study Doat1981: Doat, J., Valette, J. C., Askri, D., Caumartin, L., Bettachini, M., & Moro, M. (1981). Le pouvoir calorifique supérieur d'espèces forestières méditerranéennes. Annales des Sciences forestières, 38, 469-486.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4761” · score 4761 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 3125; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Doat1981-1; sampling ND. Primary study Doat1981: Doat, J., Valette, J. C., Askri, D., Caumartin, L., Bettachini, M., & Moro, M. (1981). Le pouvoir calorifique supérieur d'espèces forestières méditerranéennes. Annales des Sciences forestières, 38, 469-486.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4691” · score 4691 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 3126; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Doat1981-1; sampling ND. Primary study Doat1981: Doat, J., Valette, J. C., Askri, D., Caumartin, L., Bettachini, M., & Moro, M. (1981). Le pouvoir calorifique supérieur d'espèces forestières méditerranéennes. Annales des Sciences forestières, 38, 469-486.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4685” · score 4685 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 3127; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Doat1981-1; sampling ND. Primary study Doat1981: Doat, J., Valette, J. C., Askri, D., Caumartin, L., Bettachini, M., & Moro, M. (1981). Le pouvoir calorifique supérieur d'espèces forestières méditerranéennes. Annales des Sciences forestières, 38, 469-486.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4540” · score 4540 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 3128; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Doat1981-1; sampling ND. Primary study Doat1981: Doat, J., Valette, J. C., Askri, D., Caumartin, L., Bettachini, M., & Moro, M. (1981). Le pouvoir calorifique supérieur d'espèces forestières méditerranéennes. Annales des Sciences forestières, 38, 469-486.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4575” · score 4575 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 3129; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Doat1981-1; sampling ND. Primary study Doat1981: Doat, J., Valette, J. C., Askri, D., Caumartin, L., Bettachini, M., & Moro, M. (1981). Le pouvoir calorifique supérieur d'espèces forestières méditerranéennes. Annales des Sciences forestières, 38, 469-486.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4888” · score 4888 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 3130; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Doat1981-1; sampling ND. Primary study Doat1981: Doat, J., Valette, J. C., Askri, D., Caumartin, L., Bettachini, M., & Moro, M. (1981). Le pouvoir calorifique supérieur d'espèces forestières méditerranéennes. Annales des Sciences forestières, 38, 469-486.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4854” · score 4854 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 3131; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Doat1981-1; sampling ND. Primary study Doat1981: Doat, J., Valette, J. C., Askri, D., Caumartin, L., Bettachini, M., & Moro, M. (1981). Le pouvoir calorifique supérieur d'espèces forestières méditerranéennes. Annales des Sciences forestières, 38, 469-486.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4720” · score 4720 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 3132; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Doat1981-1; sampling ND. Primary study Doat1981: Doat, J., Valette, J. C., Askri, D., Caumartin, L., Bettachini, M., & Moro, M. (1981). Le pouvoir calorifique supérieur d'espèces forestières méditerranéennes. Annales des Sciences forestières, 38, 469-486.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4728” · score 4728 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 3133; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Doat1981-1; sampling ND. Primary study Doat1981: Doat, J., Valette, J. C., Askri, D., Caumartin, L., Bettachini, M., & Moro, M. (1981). Le pouvoir calorifique supérieur d'espèces forestières méditerranéennes. Annales des Sciences forestières, 38, 469-486.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4723” · score 4723 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 3134; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Doat1981-1; sampling ND. Primary study Doat1981: Doat, J., Valette, J. C., Askri, D., Caumartin, L., Bettachini, M., & Moro, M. (1981). Le pouvoir calorifique supérieur d'espèces forestières méditerranéennes. Annales des Sciences forestières, 38, 469-486.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4721” · score 4721 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 3135; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Doat1981-1; sampling ND. Primary study Doat1981: Doat, J., Valette, J. C., Askri, D., Caumartin, L., Bettachini, M., & Moro, M. (1981). Le pouvoir calorifique supérieur d'espèces forestières méditerranéennes. Annales des Sciences forestières, 38, 469-486.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4753” · score 4753 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 3136; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Doat1981-1; sampling ND. Primary study Doat1981: Doat, J., Valette, J. C., Askri, D., Caumartin, L., Bettachini, M., & Moro, M. (1981). Le pouvoir calorifique supérieur d'espèces forestières méditerranéennes. Annales des Sciences forestières, 38, 469-486.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4751” · score 4751 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 3137; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Doat1981-1; sampling ND. Primary study Doat1981: Doat, J., Valette, J. C., Askri, D., Caumartin, L., Bettachini, M., & Moro, M. (1981). Le pouvoir calorifique supérieur d'espèces forestières méditerranéennes. Annales des Sciences forestières, 38, 469-486.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 5020” · score 5020 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 3138; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Doat1981-1; sampling ND. Primary study Doat1981: Doat, J., Valette, J. C., Askri, D., Caumartin, L., Bettachini, M., & Moro, M. (1981). Le pouvoir calorifique supérieur d'espèces forestières méditerranéennes. Annales des Sciences forestières, 38, 469-486.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4970” · score 4970 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 3139; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Doat1981-1; sampling ND. Primary study Doat1981: Doat, J., Valette, J. C., Askri, D., Caumartin, L., Bettachini, M., & Moro, M. (1981). Le pouvoir calorifique supérieur d'espèces forestières méditerranéennes. Annales des Sciences forestières, 38, 469-486.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4785” · score 4785 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 3140; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Doat1981-1; sampling ND. Primary study Doat1981: Doat, J., Valette, J. C., Askri, D., Caumartin, L., Bettachini, M., & Moro, M. (1981). Le pouvoir calorifique supérieur d'espèces forestières méditerranéennes. Annales des Sciences forestières, 38, 469-486.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4826” · score 4826 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 3141; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Doat1981-1; sampling ND. Primary study Doat1981: Doat, J., Valette, J. C., Askri, D., Caumartin, L., Bettachini, M., & Moro, M. (1981). Le pouvoir calorifique supérieur d'espèces forestières méditerranéennes. Annales des Sciences forestières, 38, 469-486.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4866” · score 4866 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 3142; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Doat1981-1; sampling ND. Primary study Doat1981: Doat, J., Valette, J. C., Askri, D., Caumartin, L., Bettachini, M., & Moro, M. (1981). Le pouvoir calorifique supérieur d'espèces forestières méditerranéennes. Annales des Sciences forestières, 38, 469-486.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4847” · score 4847 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 3143; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Doat1981-1; sampling ND. Primary study Doat1981: Doat, J., Valette, J. C., Askri, D., Caumartin, L., Bettachini, M., & Moro, M. (1981). Le pouvoir calorifique supérieur d'espèces forestières méditerranéennes. Annales des Sciences forestières, 38, 469-486.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4863” · score 4863 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 3144; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Doat1981-1; sampling ND. Primary study Doat1981: Doat, J., Valette, J. C., Askri, D., Caumartin, L., Bettachini, M., & Moro, M. (1981). Le pouvoir calorifique supérieur d'espèces forestières méditerranéennes. Annales des Sciences forestières, 38, 469-486.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4871” · score 4871 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 3145; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Doat1981-1; sampling ND. Primary study Doat1981: Doat, J., Valette, J. C., Askri, D., Caumartin, L., Bettachini, M., & Moro, M. (1981). Le pouvoir calorifique supérieur d'espèces forestières méditerranéennes. Annales des Sciences forestières, 38, 469-486.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4719” · score 4719 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 3146; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Doat1981-1; sampling ND. Primary study Doat1981: Doat, J., Valette, J. C., Askri, D., Caumartin, L., Bettachini, M., & Moro, M. (1981). Le pouvoir calorifique supérieur d'espèces forestières méditerranéennes. Annales des Sciences forestières, 38, 469-486.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4706” · score 4706 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 3147; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Doat1981-1; sampling ND. Primary study Doat1981: Doat, J., Valette, J. C., Askri, D., Caumartin, L., Bettachini, M., & Moro, M. (1981). Le pouvoir calorifique supérieur d'espèces forestières méditerranéennes. Annales des Sciences forestières, 38, 469-486.
- “flammability value: 8.55” · score 8.55 (FLAMITS — flammability value)
  
  FLAMITS record 3314; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel all; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Essaghi2017-5; sampling january. Primary study Essaghi2017: Essaghi, S., Hachmi, M. H., Yessef, M., Dehhaoui, M., & El Amarty, F. (2017). Assessment of Flammability of Moroccan Forest Fuels: New Approach to Estimate the Flammability Index. Forests, 8, 443.
- “flammability value: 15.08” · score 15.08 (FLAMITS — flammability value)
  
  FLAMITS record 3327; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel all; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Essaghi2017-5; sampling january. Primary study Essaghi2017: Essaghi, S., Hachmi, M. H., Yessef, M., Dehhaoui, M., & El Amarty, F. (2017). Assessment of Flammability of Moroccan Forest Fuels: New Approach to Estimate the Flammability Index. Forests, 8, 443.
- “maximum sample temperature (°C): 464” · score 464 (FLAMITS — maximum sample temperature (°C))
  
  FLAMITS record 6683; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device muffle furnace; site Liodakis2005-1; sampling ND. Primary study Liodakis2005: Liodakis, S., Vorisis, D., & Agiovlasitis, I. (2005). A method for measuring the relative particle fire hazard properties of forest species. Thermochimica Acta, 437, 150-157.
- “temperature at flaming (°C): 235” · score 235 (FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C))
  
  FLAMITS record 6689; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device muffle furnace; site Liodakis2005-1; sampling ND. Primary study Liodakis2005: Liodakis, S., Vorisis, D., & Agiovlasitis, I. (2005). A method for measuring the relative particle fire hazard properties of forest species. Thermochimica Acta, 437, 150-157.
- “burning duration (s): 2586” · score 2586 (FLAMITS — burning duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6695; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device muffle furnace; site Liodakis2005-1; sampling ND. Primary study Liodakis2005: Liodakis, S., Vorisis, D., & Agiovlasitis, I. (2005). A method for measuring the relative particle fire hazard properties of forest species. Thermochimica Acta, 437, 150-157.
- “time to flaming (s): 25776” · score 25776 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6701; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device muffle furnace; site Liodakis2005-1; sampling ND. Primary study Liodakis2005: Liodakis, S., Vorisis, D., & Agiovlasitis, I. (2005). A method for measuring the relative particle fire hazard properties of forest species. Thermochimica Acta, 437, 150-157.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4793.97” · score 4793.97 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 6707; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Liodakis2005-1; sampling ND. Primary study Liodakis2005: Liodakis, S., Vorisis, D., & Agiovlasitis, I. (2005). A method for measuring the relative particle fire hazard properties of forest species. Thermochimica Acta, 437, 150-157.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 5514” · score 5514 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 6742; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Liodakis2006b-1; sampling ND. Primary study Liodakis2006b: Liodakis, S., & Kakardakis, T. (2006b). Measuring the Particle Flammability of Forest Species from Wildland/Urban Inter-face (WUI) near Athens by Thermal Analysis. First International Symposium on Environment Identities and Mediterranean Area. Corte-Ajaccio, France
- “time to flaming (s): 1596” · score 1596 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6748; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device thermal analyzer; site Liodakis2006b-1; sampling ND. Primary study Liodakis2006b: Liodakis, S., & Kakardakis, T. (2006b). Measuring the Particle Flammability of Forest Species from Wildland/Urban Inter-face (WUI) near Athens by Thermal Analysis. First International Symposium on Environment Identities and Mediterranean Area. Corte-Ajaccio, France
- “maximum sample temperature (°C): 301.7” · score 301.7 (FLAMITS — maximum sample temperature (°C))
  
  FLAMITS record 6755; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device thermal analyzer; site Liodakis2006b-1; sampling ND. Primary study Liodakis2006b: Liodakis, S., & Kakardakis, T. (2006b). Measuring the Particle Flammability of Forest Species from Wildland/Urban Inter-face (WUI) near Athens by Thermal Analysis. First International Symposium on Environment Identities and Mediterranean Area. Corte-Ajaccio, France
- “burning duration (s): 348” · score 348 (FLAMITS — burning duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6762; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device thermal analyzer; site Liodakis2006b-1; sampling ND. Primary study Liodakis2006b: Liodakis, S., & Kakardakis, T. (2006b). Measuring the Particle Flammability of Forest Species from Wildland/Urban Inter-face (WUI) near Athens by Thermal Analysis. First International Symposium on Environment Identities and Mediterranean Area. Corte-Ajaccio, France
- “time to flaming (s): 10.27” · score 10.27 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6885; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Liodakis2011-1; sampling all seasons. Primary study Liodakis2011: Liodakis, S., Agiovlasitis, I.P., Kakardakis, T., Tzamtzis, N., Vorisis, D., & Lois, E. (2011). Determining hazard risk indices for Mediterranean forest species based on particle flammability properties. Fire Safety Journal, 46, 116-124.
- “flame intensity (kW/m): 188.02” · score 188.02 (FLAMITS — flame intensity (kW/m))
  
  FLAMITS record 6892; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Liodakis2011-1; sampling all seasons. Primary study Liodakis2011: Liodakis, S., Agiovlasitis, I.P., Kakardakis, T., Tzamtzis, N., Vorisis, D., & Lois, E. (2011). Determining hazard risk indices for Mediterranean forest species based on particle flammability properties. Fire Safety Journal, 46, 116-124.
- “flaming duration (s): 289.04” · score 289.04 (FLAMITS — flaming duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6898; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Liodakis2011-1; sampling all seasons. Primary study Liodakis2011: Liodakis, S., Agiovlasitis, I.P., Kakardakis, T., Tzamtzis, N., Vorisis, D., & Lois, E. (2011). Determining hazard risk indices for Mediterranean forest species based on particle flammability properties. Fire Safety Journal, 46, 116-124.
- “burnt biomass (%): 82.49” · score 82.49 (FLAMITS — burnt biomass (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 6904; Consumability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Liodakis2011-1; sampling all seasons. Primary study Liodakis2011: Liodakis, S., Agiovlasitis, I.P., Kakardakis, T., Tzamtzis, N., Vorisis, D., & Lois, E. (2011). Determining hazard risk indices for Mediterranean forest species based on particle flammability properties. Fire Safety Journal, 46, 116-124.
- “rate of burning spread (cm/s): 0.06” · score 0.06 (FLAMITS — rate of burning spread (cm/s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6910; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Liodakis2011-1; sampling all seasons. Primary study Liodakis2011: Liodakis, S., Agiovlasitis, I.P., Kakardakis, T., Tzamtzis, N., Vorisis, D., & Lois, E. (2011). Determining hazard risk indices for Mediterranean forest species based on particle flammability properties. Fire Safety Journal, 46, 116-124.
- “flame height (cm): 3.89” · score 3.89 (FLAMITS — flame height (cm))
  
  FLAMITS record 6916; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Liodakis2011-1; sampling all seasons. Primary study Liodakis2011: Liodakis, S., Agiovlasitis, I.P., Kakardakis, T., Tzamtzis, N., Vorisis, D., & Lois, E. (2011). Determining hazard risk indices for Mediterranean forest species based on particle flammability properties. Fire Safety Journal, 46, 116-124.
- “time to flaming (s): 5.87” · score 5.87 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6922; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Liodakis2011-1; sampling all seasons. Primary study Liodakis2011: Liodakis, S., Agiovlasitis, I.P., Kakardakis, T., Tzamtzis, N., Vorisis, D., & Lois, E. (2011). Determining hazard risk indices for Mediterranean forest species based on particle flammability properties. Fire Safety Journal, 46, 116-124.
- “rate of burning spread (cm/s): 0.07” · score 0.07 (FLAMITS — rate of burning spread (cm/s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6928; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Liodakis2011-1; sampling all seasons. Primary study Liodakis2011: Liodakis, S., Agiovlasitis, I.P., Kakardakis, T., Tzamtzis, N., Vorisis, D., & Lois, E. (2011). Determining hazard risk indices for Mediterranean forest species based on particle flammability properties. Fire Safety Journal, 46, 116-124.
- “flaming duration (s): 162.2” · score 162.2 (FLAMITS — flaming duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6934; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Liodakis2011-1; sampling all seasons. Primary study Liodakis2011: Liodakis, S., Agiovlasitis, I.P., Kakardakis, T., Tzamtzis, N., Vorisis, D., & Lois, E. (2011). Determining hazard risk indices for Mediterranean forest species based on particle flammability properties. Fire Safety Journal, 46, 116-124.
- “flame height (cm): 5.81” · score 5.81 (FLAMITS — flame height (cm))
  
  FLAMITS record 6940; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Liodakis2011-1; sampling all seasons. Primary study Liodakis2011: Liodakis, S., Agiovlasitis, I.P., Kakardakis, T., Tzamtzis, N., Vorisis, D., & Lois, E. (2011). Determining hazard risk indices for Mediterranean forest species based on particle flammability properties. Fire Safety Journal, 46, 116-124.
- “flame intensity (kW/m): 251” · score 251 (FLAMITS — flame intensity (kW/m))
  
  FLAMITS record 6946; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Liodakis2011-1; sampling all seasons. Primary study Liodakis2011: Liodakis, S., Agiovlasitis, I.P., Kakardakis, T., Tzamtzis, N., Vorisis, D., & Lois, E. (2011). Determining hazard risk indices for Mediterranean forest species based on particle flammability properties. Fire Safety Journal, 46, 116-124.
- “burnt biomass (%): 80.2” · score 80.2 (FLAMITS — burnt biomass (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 6952; Consumability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Liodakis2011-1; sampling all seasons. Primary study Liodakis2011: Liodakis, S., Agiovlasitis, I.P., Kakardakis, T., Tzamtzis, N., Vorisis, D., & Lois, E. (2011). Determining hazard risk indices for Mediterranean forest species based on particle flammability properties. Fire Safety Journal, 46, 116-124.
- “time to flaming (s): 4.96” · score 4.96 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6958; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Liodakis2011-1; sampling all seasons. Primary study Liodakis2011: Liodakis, S., Agiovlasitis, I.P., Kakardakis, T., Tzamtzis, N., Vorisis, D., & Lois, E. (2011). Determining hazard risk indices for Mediterranean forest species based on particle flammability properties. Fire Safety Journal, 46, 116-124.
- “rate of burning spread (cm/s): 0.14” · score 0.14 (FLAMITS — rate of burning spread (cm/s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6964; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Liodakis2011-1; sampling all seasons. Primary study Liodakis2011: Liodakis, S., Agiovlasitis, I.P., Kakardakis, T., Tzamtzis, N., Vorisis, D., & Lois, E. (2011). Determining hazard risk indices for Mediterranean forest species based on particle flammability properties. Fire Safety Journal, 46, 116-124.
- “flaming duration (s): 133.6” · score 133.6 (FLAMITS — flaming duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6970; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Liodakis2011-1; sampling all seasons. Primary study Liodakis2011: Liodakis, S., Agiovlasitis, I.P., Kakardakis, T., Tzamtzis, N., Vorisis, D., & Lois, E. (2011). Determining hazard risk indices for Mediterranean forest species based on particle flammability properties. Fire Safety Journal, 46, 116-124.
- “flame height (cm): 8” · score 8 (FLAMITS — flame height (cm))
  
  FLAMITS record 6976; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Liodakis2011-1; sampling all seasons. Primary study Liodakis2011: Liodakis, S., Agiovlasitis, I.P., Kakardakis, T., Tzamtzis, N., Vorisis, D., & Lois, E. (2011). Determining hazard risk indices for Mediterranean forest species based on particle flammability properties. Fire Safety Journal, 46, 116-124.
- “flame intensity (kW/m): 292.2” · score 292.2 (FLAMITS — flame intensity (kW/m))
  
  FLAMITS record 6982; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Liodakis2011-1; sampling all seasons. Primary study Liodakis2011: Liodakis, S., Agiovlasitis, I.P., Kakardakis, T., Tzamtzis, N., Vorisis, D., & Lois, E. (2011). Determining hazard risk indices for Mediterranean forest species based on particle flammability properties. Fire Safety Journal, 46, 116-124.
- “burnt biomass (%): 87.3” · score 87.3 (FLAMITS — burnt biomass (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 6988; Consumability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Liodakis2011-1; sampling all seasons. Primary study Liodakis2011: Liodakis, S., Agiovlasitis, I.P., Kakardakis, T., Tzamtzis, N., Vorisis, D., & Lois, E. (2011). Determining hazard risk indices for Mediterranean forest species based on particle flammability properties. Fire Safety Journal, 46, 116-124.
- “flammability value: 2” · score 2 (FLAMITS — flammability value)
  
  FLAMITS record 6994; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Liodakis2011-1; sampling spring. Primary study Liodakis2011: Liodakis, S., Agiovlasitis, I.P., Kakardakis, T., Tzamtzis, N., Vorisis, D., & Lois, E. (2011). Determining hazard risk indices for Mediterranean forest species based on particle flammability properties. Fire Safety Journal, 46, 116-124.
- “flammability value: 5” · score 5 (FLAMITS — flammability value)
  
  FLAMITS record 7001; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Liodakis2011-1; sampling summer. Primary study Liodakis2011: Liodakis, S., Agiovlasitis, I.P., Kakardakis, T., Tzamtzis, N., Vorisis, D., & Lois, E. (2011). Determining hazard risk indices for Mediterranean forest species based on particle flammability properties. Fire Safety Journal, 46, 116-124.
- “flammability value: 3” · score 3 (FLAMITS — flammability value)
  
  FLAMITS record 7008; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Liodakis2011-1; sampling autumn. Primary study Liodakis2011: Liodakis, S., Agiovlasitis, I.P., Kakardakis, T., Tzamtzis, N., Vorisis, D., & Lois, E. (2011). Determining hazard risk indices for Mediterranean forest species based on particle flammability properties. Fire Safety Journal, 46, 116-124.
- “flammability value: 1” · score 1 (FLAMITS — flammability value)
  
  FLAMITS record 7015; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Liodakis2011-1; sampling all seasons. Primary study Liodakis2011: Liodakis, S., Agiovlasitis, I.P., Kakardakis, T., Tzamtzis, N., Vorisis, D., & Lois, E. (2011). Determining hazard risk indices for Mediterranean forest species based on particle flammability properties. Fire Safety Journal, 46, 116-124.
- “flammability value: 3” · score 3 (FLAMITS — flammability value)
  
  FLAMITS record 7022; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Liodakis2011-1; sampling all seasons. Primary study Liodakis2011: Liodakis, S., Agiovlasitis, I.P., Kakardakis, T., Tzamtzis, N., Vorisis, D., & Lois, E. (2011). Determining hazard risk indices for Mediterranean forest species based on particle flammability properties. Fire Safety Journal, 46, 116-124.
- “flammability value: 4” · score 4 (FLAMITS — flammability value)
  
  FLAMITS record 7029; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Liodakis2011-1; sampling all seasons. Primary study Liodakis2011: Liodakis, S., Agiovlasitis, I.P., Kakardakis, T., Tzamtzis, N., Vorisis, D., & Lois, E. (2011). Determining hazard risk indices for Mediterranean forest species based on particle flammability properties. Fire Safety Journal, 46, 116-124.
- “time to flaming (s): 7.67” · score 7.67 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 7271; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Madrigal2009-1; sampling ND. Primary study Madrigal2009: Madrigal, J., Hernando, C., Guijarro, M., Diez, C., Marino, E., & De Castro, A. (2009). Evaluation of forest fuel flammability and combustion properties with an adapted mass loss calorimeter device. Journal of Fire Sciences, 27, 323-342.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 2815.99” · score 2815.99 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 7275; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Madrigal2009-1; sampling ND. Primary study Madrigal2009: Madrigal, J., Hernando, C., Guijarro, M., Diez, C., Marino, E., & De Castro, A. (2009). Evaluation of forest fuel flammability and combustion properties with an adapted mass loss calorimeter device. Journal of Fire Sciences, 27, 323-342.
- “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 335.26” · score 335.26 (FLAMITS — maximum energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 7279; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Madrigal2009-1; sampling ND. Primary study Madrigal2009: Madrigal, J., Hernando, C., Guijarro, M., Diez, C., Marino, E., & De Castro, A. (2009). Evaluation of forest fuel flammability and combustion properties with an adapted mass loss calorimeter device. Journal of Fire Sciences, 27, 323-342.
- “total heat release (MJ/m²): 11.79” · score 11.79 (FLAMITS — total heat release (MJ/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 7283; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Madrigal2009-1; sampling ND. Primary study Madrigal2009: Madrigal, J., Hernando, C., Guijarro, M., Diez, C., Marino, E., & De Castro, A. (2009). Evaluation of forest fuel flammability and combustion properties with an adapted mass loss calorimeter device. Journal of Fire Sciences, 27, 323-342.
- “burnt biomass (%): 99.6” · score 99.6 (FLAMITS — burnt biomass (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 7287; Consumability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Madrigal2009-1; sampling ND. Primary study Madrigal2009: Madrigal, J., Hernando, C., Guijarro, M., Diez, C., Marino, E., & De Castro, A. (2009). Evaluation of forest fuel flammability and combustion properties with an adapted mass loss calorimeter device. Journal of Fire Sciences, 27, 323-342.
- “flaming duration (s): 38” · score 38 (FLAMITS — flaming duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 7331; Sustainability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Madrigal2011a-1; sampling ND. Primary study Madrigal2011a: Madrigal, J., Guijarro, M., Hernando, C., Díez, C., & Marino, E. (2011a). Effective Heat of Combustion for Flaming Combustion of Mediterranean Forest Fuels. Fire Technology, 47, 461-474.
- “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 353” · score 353 (FLAMITS — maximum energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 7351; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Madrigal2011a-1; sampling ND. Primary study Madrigal2011a: Madrigal, J., Guijarro, M., Hernando, C., Díez, C., & Marino, E. (2011a). Effective Heat of Combustion for Flaming Combustion of Mediterranean Forest Fuels. Fire Technology, 47, 461-474.
- “time to flaming (s): 11” · score 11 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 7371; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Madrigal2011a-1; sampling ND. Primary study Madrigal2011a: Madrigal, J., Guijarro, M., Hernando, C., Díez, C., & Marino, E. (2011a). Effective Heat of Combustion for Flaming Combustion of Mediterranean Forest Fuels. Fire Technology, 47, 461-474.
- “mass loss rate (g/s): 0.06” · score 0.06 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s))
  
  FLAMITS record 7391; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Madrigal2011a-1; sampling ND. Primary study Madrigal2011a: Madrigal, J., Guijarro, M., Hernando, C., Díez, C., & Marino, E. (2011a). Effective Heat of Combustion for Flaming Combustion of Mediterranean Forest Fuels. Fire Technology, 47, 461-474.
- “total heat release (MJ/m²): 17.73” · score 17.73 (FLAMITS — total heat release (MJ/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 7411; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Madrigal2011a-1; sampling ND. Primary study Madrigal2011a: Madrigal, J., Guijarro, M., Hernando, C., Díez, C., & Marino, E. (2011a). Effective Heat of Combustion for Flaming Combustion of Mediterranean Forest Fuels. Fire Technology, 47, 461-474.
- “time to flaming (s): 36” · score 36 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 7761; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-1; sampling may. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “time to flaming (s): 60” · score 60 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 7762; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-1; sampling july. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “time to flaming (s): 27” · score 27 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 7763; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-1; sampling august. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “time to flaming (s): 23” · score 23 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 7764; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-1; sampling september. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “time to flaming (s): 28” · score 28 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 7765; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-1; sampling october. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “time to flaming (s): 24” · score 24 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 7766; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-1; sampling november. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4846” · score 4846 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 7912; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-1; sampling ND. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “flammability value: 2” · score 2 (FLAMITS — flammability value)
  
  FLAMITS record 7961; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-1; sampling ND. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “ignition frequency (%): 60” · score 60 (FLAMITS — ignition frequency (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 8156; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-1; sampling may. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “ignition frequency (%): 29” · score 29 (FLAMITS — ignition frequency (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 8157; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-1; sampling july. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “ignition frequency (%): 96” · score 96 (FLAMITS — ignition frequency (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 8158; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-1; sampling august. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “ignition frequency (%): 87” · score 87 (FLAMITS — ignition frequency (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 8159; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-1; sampling september. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “ignition frequency (%): 100” · score 100 (FLAMITS — ignition frequency (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 8160; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-1; sampling october. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “ignition frequency (%): 100” · score 100 (FLAMITS — ignition frequency (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 8161; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-1; sampling november. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “time to flaming (s): 946” · score 946 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 9202; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device muffle furnace; site Michelaki2020-5; sampling spring. Primary study Michelaki2020: Michelaki, C., Fyllas, N. M., Galanidis, A., Aloupi, M., Evangelou, E., Arianoutsou, M., & Dimitrakopoulos, P. G. (2020). Adaptive flammability syndromes in thermo-Mediterranean vegetation, captured by alternative resource-use strategies. Science of The Total Environment, 718, 137437.
- “burning duration (s): 406” · score 406 (FLAMITS — burning duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 9203; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device muffle furnace; site Michelaki2020-5; sampling spring. Primary study Michelaki2020: Michelaki, C., Fyllas, N. M., Galanidis, A., Aloupi, M., Evangelou, E., Arianoutsou, M., & Dimitrakopoulos, P. G. (2020). Adaptive flammability syndromes in thermo-Mediterranean vegetation, captured by alternative resource-use strategies. Science of The Total Environment, 718, 137437.
- “mass loss rate (g/s): 0” · score 0 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s))
  
  FLAMITS record 9204; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device muffle furnace; site Michelaki2020-5; sampling spring. Primary study Michelaki2020: Michelaki, C., Fyllas, N. M., Galanidis, A., Aloupi, M., Evangelou, E., Arianoutsou, M., & Dimitrakopoulos, P. G. (2020). Adaptive flammability syndromes in thermo-Mediterranean vegetation, captured by alternative resource-use strategies. Science of The Total Environment, 718, 137437.
- “estimated burnt biomass (%): 94.5” · score 94.5 (FLAMITS — estimated burnt biomass (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 9205; Consumability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device muffle furnace; site Michelaki2020-5; sampling spring. Primary study Michelaki2020: Michelaki, C., Fyllas, N. M., Galanidis, A., Aloupi, M., Evangelou, E., Arianoutsou, M., & Dimitrakopoulos, P. G. (2020). Adaptive flammability syndromes in thermo-Mediterranean vegetation, captured by alternative resource-use strategies. Science of The Total Environment, 718, 137437.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4500” · score 4500 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 9758; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Ntoufas2016-1; sampling february. Primary study Ntoufas2016: Ntoufas, I., Liodakis, S., & Tzamtzis, N. (2016). The effect of the extractable components of euro-mediterranean vegetation species to the combustion of their foliage. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 2850.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4850” · score 4850 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 9761; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Ntoufas2016-1; sampling february. Primary study Ntoufas2016: Ntoufas, I., Liodakis, S., & Tzamtzis, N. (2016). The effect of the extractable components of euro-mediterranean vegetation species to the combustion of their foliage. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 2850.
- “temperature at flaming (°C): 238” · score 238 (FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C))
  
  FLAMITS record 9764; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Ntoufas2016-1; sampling february. Primary study Ntoufas2016: Ntoufas, I., Liodakis, S., & Tzamtzis, N. (2016). The effect of the extractable components of euro-mediterranean vegetation species to the combustion of their foliage. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 2850.
- “temperature at flaming (°C): 216.65” · score 216.65 (FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C))
  
  FLAMITS record 9767; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Ntoufas2016-1; sampling february. Primary study Ntoufas2016: Ntoufas, I., Liodakis, S., & Tzamtzis, N. (2016). The effect of the extractable components of euro-mediterranean vegetation species to the combustion of their foliage. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 2850.
- “burning duration (s): 359.4” · score 359.4 (FLAMITS — burning duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 9770; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Ntoufas2016-1; sampling february. Primary study Ntoufas2016: Ntoufas, I., Liodakis, S., & Tzamtzis, N. (2016). The effect of the extractable components of euro-mediterranean vegetation species to the combustion of their foliage. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 2850.
- “burning duration (s): 475.8” · score 475.8 (FLAMITS — burning duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 9773; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Ntoufas2016-1; sampling february. Primary study Ntoufas2016: Ntoufas, I., Liodakis, S., & Tzamtzis, N. (2016). The effect of the extractable components of euro-mediterranean vegetation species to the combustion of their foliage. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 2850.
- “temperature at flaming (°C): 579.1” · score 579.1 (FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C))
  
  FLAMITS record 12139; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Saura2010-1; sampling august. Primary study Saura2010: Saura-Mas, S., Paula, S., Pausas, J. G,. & Lloret, F. (2010). Fuel loading and flammability in the Mediterranean Basin woody species with different post-fire regenerative strategies. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 19, 783.
- “temperature at flaming (°C): 571” · score 571 (FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C))
  
  FLAMITS record 12153; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Saura2010-2; sampling august. Primary study Saura2010: Saura-Mas, S., Paula, S., Pausas, J. G,. & Lloret, F. (2010). Fuel loading and flammability in the Mediterranean Basin woody species with different post-fire regenerative strategies. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 19, 783.
- “flaming duration (s): 370.4” · score 370.4 (FLAMITS — flaming duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 12171; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Saura2010-1; sampling august. Primary study Saura2010: Saura-Mas, S., Paula, S., Pausas, J. G,. & Lloret, F. (2010). Fuel loading and flammability in the Mediterranean Basin woody species with different post-fire regenerative strategies. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 19, 783.
- “flaming duration (s): 447.4” · score 447.4 (FLAMITS — flaming duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 12187; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Saura2010-2; sampling august. Primary study Saura2010: Saura-Mas, S., Paula, S., Pausas, J. G,. & Lloret, F. (2010). Fuel loading and flammability in the Mediterranean Basin woody species with different post-fire regenerative strategies. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 19, 783.
- “time to smoke (s): 77.5” · score 77.5 (FLAMITS — time to smoke (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 12205; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Saura2010-1; sampling august. Primary study Saura2010: Saura-Mas, S., Paula, S., Pausas, J. G,. & Lloret, F. (2010). Fuel loading and flammability in the Mediterranean Basin woody species with different post-fire regenerative strategies. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 19, 783.
- “time to smoke (s): 99.8” · score 99.8 (FLAMITS — time to smoke (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 12223; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Saura2010-2; sampling august. Primary study Saura2010: Saura-Mas, S., Paula, S., Pausas, J. G,. & Lloret, F. (2010). Fuel loading and flammability in the Mediterranean Basin woody species with different post-fire regenerative strategies. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 19, 783.
- “temperature at smoke (°C): 132.53” · score 132.53 (FLAMITS — temperature at smoke (°C))
  
  FLAMITS record 12242; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Saura2010-1; sampling august. Primary study Saura2010: Saura-Mas, S., Paula, S., Pausas, J. G,. & Lloret, F. (2010). Fuel loading and flammability in the Mediterranean Basin woody species with different post-fire regenerative strategies. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 19, 783.
- “temperature at smoke (°C): 157.8” · score 157.8 (FLAMITS — temperature at smoke (°C))
  
  FLAMITS record 12260; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Saura2010-2; sampling august. Primary study Saura2010: Saura-Mas, S., Paula, S., Pausas, J. G,. & Lloret, F. (2010). Fuel loading and flammability in the Mediterranean Basin woody species with different post-fire regenerative strategies. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 19, 783.
- “time to smouldering (s): 239.2” · score 239.2 (FLAMITS — time to smouldering (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 12278; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Saura2010-1; sampling august. Primary study Saura2010: Saura-Mas, S., Paula, S., Pausas, J. G,. & Lloret, F. (2010). Fuel loading and flammability in the Mediterranean Basin woody species with different post-fire regenerative strategies. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 19, 783.
- “time to smouldering (s): 308” · score 308 (FLAMITS — time to smouldering (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 12296; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Saura2010-2; sampling august. Primary study Saura2010: Saura-Mas, S., Paula, S., Pausas, J. G,. & Lloret, F. (2010). Fuel loading and flammability in the Mediterranean Basin woody species with different post-fire regenerative strategies. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 19, 783.
- “temperature at smouldering (°C): 380” · score 380 (FLAMITS — temperature at smouldering (°C))
  
  FLAMITS record 12314; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Saura2010-1; sampling august. Primary study Saura2010: Saura-Mas, S., Paula, S., Pausas, J. G,. & Lloret, F. (2010). Fuel loading and flammability in the Mediterranean Basin woody species with different post-fire regenerative strategies. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 19, 783.
- “temperature at smouldering (°C): 441” · score 441 (FLAMITS — temperature at smouldering (°C))
  
  FLAMITS record 12332; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Saura2010-2; sampling august. Primary study Saura2010: Saura-Mas, S., Paula, S., Pausas, J. G,. & Lloret, F. (2010). Fuel loading and flammability in the Mediterranean Basin woody species with different post-fire regenerative strategies. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 19, 783.
- “flammability value: 3” · score 3 (FLAMITS — flammability value)
  
  FLAMITS record 13329; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Valette1990-1; sampling june to september. Primary study Valette1990: Valette, J.-C. (1990). Flammabilities of Mediterranean forest species. Effects on the combustibility of the forest communities inflammabilités des espèces forestières méditerranéennes. Conséquences sur la combustibilité des formations forestières. Revue forestière française, 42, 76-92.
- “flammability value: 4” · score 4 (FLAMITS — flammability value)
  
  FLAMITS record 13330; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Valette1990-1; sampling june to september. Primary study Valette1990: Valette, J.-C. (1990). Flammabilities of Mediterranean forest species. Effects on the combustibility of the forest communities inflammabilités des espèces forestières méditerranéennes. Conséquences sur la combustibilité des formations forestières. Revue forestière française, 42, 76-92.
- “time to flaming (s): 4.02” · score 4.02 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 16560; Ignitability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Ormeno2020-1; sampling february 2017. Primary study Ormeno2020: Ormeño, E., Ruffault, J., Gutigny, C., Madrigal, J., Guijarro, M., Hernando, C., & Ballini, C. (2020). Increasing cuticular wax concentrations in a drier climate promote litter flammability. Forest Ecology and Management, 473, 118242.
- “time to flaming (s): 3.44” · score 3.44 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 16561; Ignitability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Ormeno2020-1; sampling february 2017. Primary study Ormeno2020: Ormeño, E., Ruffault, J., Gutigny, C., Madrigal, J., Guijarro, M., Hernando, C., & Ballini, C. (2020). Increasing cuticular wax concentrations in a drier climate promote litter flammability. Forest Ecology and Management, 473, 118242.
- “burning duration (s): 6.26” · score 6.26 (FLAMITS — burning duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 16562; Sustainability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Ormeno2020-1; sampling february 2017. Primary study Ormeno2020: Ormeño, E., Ruffault, J., Gutigny, C., Madrigal, J., Guijarro, M., Hernando, C., & Ballini, C. (2020). Increasing cuticular wax concentrations in a drier climate promote litter flammability. Forest Ecology and Management, 473, 118242.
- “burning duration (s): 6.77” · score 6.77 (FLAMITS — burning duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 16563; Sustainability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Ormeno2020-1; sampling february 2017. Primary study Ormeno2020: Ormeño, E., Ruffault, J., Gutigny, C., Madrigal, J., Guijarro, M., Hernando, C., & Ballini, C. (2020). Increasing cuticular wax concentrations in a drier climate promote litter flammability. Forest Ecology and Management, 473, 118242.
- “flame height (cm): 20.64” · score 20.64 (FLAMITS — flame height (cm))
  
  FLAMITS record 16564; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Ormeno2020-1; sampling february 2017. Primary study Ormeno2020: Ormeño, E., Ruffault, J., Gutigny, C., Madrigal, J., Guijarro, M., Hernando, C., & Ballini, C. (2020). Increasing cuticular wax concentrations in a drier climate promote litter flammability. Forest Ecology and Management, 473, 118242.
- “flame height (cm): 21.22” · score 21.22 (FLAMITS — flame height (cm))
  
  FLAMITS record 16565; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Ormeno2020-1; sampling february 2017. Primary study Ormeno2020: Ormeño, E., Ruffault, J., Gutigny, C., Madrigal, J., Guijarro, M., Hernando, C., & Ballini, C. (2020). Increasing cuticular wax concentrations in a drier climate promote litter flammability. Forest Ecology and Management, 473, 118242.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4380.9751” · score 4380.9751 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 16566; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Ormeno2020-1; sampling february 2017. Primary study Ormeno2020: Ormeño, E., Ruffault, J., Gutigny, C., Madrigal, J., Guijarro, M., Hernando, C., & Ballini, C. (2020). Increasing cuticular wax concentrations in a drier climate promote litter flammability. Forest Ecology and Management, 473, 118242.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4330.7839” · score 4330.7839 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 16567; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Ormeno2020-1; sampling february 2017. Primary study Ormeno2020: Ormeño, E., Ruffault, J., Gutigny, C., Madrigal, J., Guijarro, M., Hernando, C., & Ballini, C. (2020). Increasing cuticular wax concentrations in a drier climate promote litter flammability. Forest Ecology and Management, 473, 118242.
- “temperature at flaming (°C): 340” · score 340 (FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C))
  
  FLAMITS record 16645; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Guney2022-1; sampling may and september 2017. Primary study Guney2022: Güney, C. O., Sar?, A., Cekim, H. O., Küçüksille, E. U., ?entürk, Ö., Gülsoy, S., & Özkan, K. (2022). An advanced approach for leaf flammability index estimation. International journal of wildland fire, 31, 277-290.
- “time to flaming (s): 17.8” · score 17.8 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 16646; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Guney2022-1; sampling may and september 2017. Primary study Guney2022: Güney, C. O., Sar?, A., Cekim, H. O., Küçüksille, E. U., ?entürk, Ö., Gülsoy, S., & Özkan, K. (2022). An advanced approach for leaf flammability index estimation. International journal of wildland fire, 31, 277-290.
- “flame height (cm): 56.8” · score 56.8 (FLAMITS — flame height (cm))
  
  FLAMITS record 16647; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Guney2022-1; sampling may and september 2017. Primary study Guney2022: Güney, C. O., Sar?, A., Cekim, H. O., Küçüksille, E. U., ?entürk, Ö., Gülsoy, S., & Özkan, K. (2022). An advanced approach for leaf flammability index estimation. International journal of wildland fire, 31, 277-290.
- “burning duration (s): 10.7” · score 10.7 (FLAMITS — burning duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 16648; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Guney2022-1; sampling may and september 2017. Primary study Guney2022: Güney, C. O., Sar?, A., Cekim, H. O., Küçüksille, E. U., ?entürk, Ö., Gülsoy, S., & Özkan, K. (2022). An advanced approach for leaf flammability index estimation. International journal of wildland fire, 31, 277-290.
- “burnt biomass (%): 5.7” · score 5.7 (FLAMITS — burnt biomass (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 16649; Consumability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Guney2022-1; sampling may and september 2017. Primary study Guney2022: Güney, C. O., Sar?, A., Cekim, H. O., Küçüksille, E. U., ?entürk, Ö., Gülsoy, S., & Özkan, K. (2022). An advanced approach for leaf flammability index estimation. International journal of wildland fire, 31, 277-290.
- “temperature at flaming (°C): 599” · score 599 (FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C))
  
  FLAMITS record 17548; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Mindykowski2011-1; sampling ND. Primary study Mindykowski2011: Mindykowski, P., Fuentes, A., Consalvi, J. L., & Porterie, B. (2011). Piloted ignition of wildland fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 46, 3440.
- “time to flaming (s): 168.83” · score 168.83 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 17572; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Mindykowski2011-1; sampling ND. Primary study Mindykowski2011: Mindykowski, P., Fuentes, A., Consalvi, J. L., & Porterie, B. (2011). Piloted ignition of wildland fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 46, 3440.
- “time to flaming (s): 119.42” · score 119.42 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 17573; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Mindykowski2011-1; sampling ND. Primary study Mindykowski2011: Mindykowski, P., Fuentes, A., Consalvi, J. L., & Porterie, B. (2011). Piloted ignition of wildland fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 46, 3440.
- “time to flaming (s): 72.58” · score 72.58 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 17574; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Mindykowski2011-1; sampling ND. Primary study Mindykowski2011: Mindykowski, P., Fuentes, A., Consalvi, J. L., & Porterie, B. (2011). Piloted ignition of wildland fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 46, 3440.
- “time to flaming (s): 42.18” · score 42.18 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 17575; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Mindykowski2011-1; sampling ND. Primary study Mindykowski2011: Mindykowski, P., Fuentes, A., Consalvi, J. L., & Porterie, B. (2011). Piloted ignition of wildland fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 46, 3440.
- “time to flaming (s): 31.1” · score 31.1 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 17576; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Mindykowski2011-1; sampling ND. Primary study Mindykowski2011: Mindykowski, P., Fuentes, A., Consalvi, J. L., & Porterie, B. (2011). Piloted ignition of wildland fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 46, 3440.
- “time to flaming (s): 22.62” · score 22.62 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 17577; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Mindykowski2011-1; sampling ND. Primary study Mindykowski2011: Mindykowski, P., Fuentes, A., Consalvi, J. L., & Porterie, B. (2011). Piloted ignition of wildland fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 46, 3440.

Fire-resistant shrubs instead

Mastic
Pistacia lentiscus

Cistus salviifolius
Cistus salvaefolius

Creeping Myoporum
Myoporum parvifolium

Kinnikinnick
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi

Kurrajong
Brachychiton populneus

Calicotome spinosa
Calycotoma spinosa

Fire-resistant shrubs listed above

Last verified 2026-08-23. JSON (CC BY 4.0)

Profiles: GBIF · iNaturalist · Wikidata ·

Quercus coccifera (Kermes oak). FireApproved. https://fireapproved.com/plants/quercus-coccifera/. Last verified 2026-08-23.