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Sugar pine

Pinus lambertiana · Pinaceae · all Pinus records

Your local evidence lens

Separate evidence questions, never one approval badge

Set a ZIP to compare this record with state distribution, native range, USDA hardiness, and invasive records.

A genus split is not a placement verdict. Set a ZIP to read the local documented split.

1. Fire evidence and conditions

Fire evidence: Fire-resistant — location does not change the cited classification.
Fire-performance conditions: 1 condition stated in cited fire-evidence rows.
Fire ecology context: No section-reviewed fire-ecology context is normalized.
Placement evidence: 2 source placement records; source schemes remain separate.
Evidence regions: Global; Lake Tahoe Basin, Nevada and California; Oregon
Maintenance: No sourced horticultural maintenance assertion is normalized; fire-test conditions do not supply maintenance advice.

Typed publication scope: 1 scope across 1 cited fire source

Home Landscaping Guide for Lake Tahoe and Vicinity (Ed. Bulletin 06-01) · Official scoped edition
- Lake Tahoe Basin (CA, NV footprint); partial normalized coverage · 2006-01-01
  Nevada Division of Forestry and University of Nevada Cooperative Extension publish Bulletin 06-01 for the Lake Tahoe Basin and vicinity. FireApproved publishes 83 exact rated owners as basin context across Nevada and California. Rough estimates are not statewide or site ratings.

2. Why this plant is relevant here

State distribution: Documented in CA, NV, OR.
Native range: Current cited native range in CA, NV, OR.
Introduced / established: No introduced or established row is normalized; that does not prove native status.
USDA hardiness: Documented minimum 4a; no upper limit is documented.

3. Legal, ecological, and broader status

Legal-list status: Set a location for an exact legal-list result; source silence is not clearance.
Seed-list status: Set a location to compare the separate state noxious-weed seed layer.
Reported invasive here: No ecological invasive report is normalized; that does not prove noninvasiveness.
Broader regional context: Aggregate AK, HI, and L48 evidence is shown only as regional context, never as an exact-state finding.
Federal context: Federal designations remain separate from state legal-list results.

How to read this page

The status above is computed from the cited rows below: independent recommendations can support a fire-resistant result, an avoid row can produce keep-away, and disagreement stays visible as conflict. Placement notes preserve each source’s own scheme rather than translating unlike rules into one scale. This is evidence about a plant, not permission to plant it in every part of the defensible space; Zone 0 remains noncombustible.

Form: tree
USDA hardiness: Minimum 4a; upper limit not documented
Mature height: ~229 ft
Water need: moderate
Current cited native range: CA, NV, OR
Grows in: CA, NV, OR
Rated in: Global; Lake Tahoe Basin, Nevada and California; Oregon
Family: Pinaceae
Evidence: 74 cited sources

Native and introduced range evidence

These are exact U.S. botanical-area records from the cited range source. Native and introduced describe biogeographic relationship, not fire performance or planting approval. Doubtful and extinct rows stay visible but do not count as current presence.

Current native

3

exact source areas

Current introduced

0

exact source areas

Qualified

0

doubtful or extinct source rows

3 native source areas · World Checklist of Vascular Plants, version 16 v16, as of 2026-06-04

California (CA)
Nevada (NV)
Oregon (OR)

The lossless worldwide derivative is retained once in the research corpus; object pages repeat only exact U.S. areas needed by the local lens. The JSON twin carries the same page assertions.

Plant hardiness evidence

These values describe the plant source. Your ZIP zone comes from the separate 2023 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map. Whole-zone values stay whole-zone, and a single unresolved value is not treated as a tolerance range. Different source boundaries stay separate: overlapping statements are compared independently, while only ranges with no shared zone are called a conflict.

USDA PLANTS Database — Plant Characteristics · record PILA · PLANTS Help Document 2022; characteristics cache retrieved 2026-08-23 · as of 2026-08-26

Minimum 4a · no upper limit documented · half zone precision · derived containing band

Exact source measurement: -28°F; mapped only to its containing half-zone.

Source taxon: Pinus lambertiana · source identifier match.

Source location: PlantCharacteristics record 15479, Temperature, Minimum (°F).

Conditions in the fire evidence

These describe tested or rated plant material. They are not horticultural maintenance instructions.

green: Fire-Resistant Plants for Oregon Home Landscapes evidence row

Where its sources say to plant it

Placement rules below use each source's own distances or named zones, tied to its rating. They are not interchangeable with the directory's current Zone 0 guidance.

Fire-Resistant Plants for Oregon Home Landscapes: Central and Southern Oregon [osu-frn6-oregon-regions] (with its recommendation)
Home Landscaping Guide for Lake Tahoe and Vicinity: Fire Hazard column: high [tahoe-guide-2006] (with its avoid rating)

The evidence

Grouped by what each source concluded. Primary evidence rated the plant itself (a lab, field program, or original curation); corroboration compiled or republished another source's rating and resolves to its root lineage.

Avoids (1)

Home Landscaping Guide for Lake Tahoe and Vicinity (Ed. Bulletin 06-01) — Nevada Division of Forestry / University of Nevada Cooperative Extension · Bulletin 06-01 (2006) · original source Corroboration Compilation lineage: unr-tree

“high — Pine, sugar — Pinus lambertiana”

Table 1's Fire Hazard column prints “high” for this taxon. The guide calls the rating a rough estimate of potential flammability, not a result of scientific trials. Its footnote says plants that turn brown often become high fire hazards and tells readers to mow grasses and forbs when they begin to turn brown.

Listed without a rating (72)

FLAMITS: FLAMmability plant traiTS database — Dryad / Global Ecology and Biogeography · Dryad version 9 · original source Corroboration Trait database lineage: meta-aggregator

72 cited rows from this source; its identity, lineage and tier are stated once.
- “time to flaming (s): 2.1” · score 2.1 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 2632; Ignitability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device burning bench; site deMagalhaes2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study deMagalhaes2012: De Magalhães, R. M. Q., & Schwilk, D. W. (2012). Leaf traits and litter flammability: evidence for non-additive mixture effects in a temperate forest. Journal of Ecology, 100, 1153-1163.
- “burning duration (s): 690.3” · score 690.3 (FLAMITS — burning duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 2640; Sustainability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device burning bench; site deMagalhaes2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study deMagalhaes2012: De Magalhães, R. M. Q., & Schwilk, D. W. (2012). Leaf traits and litter flammability: evidence for non-additive mixture effects in a temperate forest. Journal of Ecology, 100, 1153-1163.
- “rate of burning spread (cm/s): 0.28” · score 0.28 (FLAMITS — rate of burning spread (cm/s))
  
  FLAMITS record 2648; Sustainability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device burning bench; site deMagalhaes2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study deMagalhaes2012: De Magalhães, R. M. Q., & Schwilk, D. W. (2012). Leaf traits and litter flammability: evidence for non-additive mixture effects in a temperate forest. Journal of Ecology, 100, 1153-1163.
- “flame height (cm): 85.4” · score 85.4 (FLAMITS — flame height (cm))
  
  FLAMITS record 2656; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device burning bench; site deMagalhaes2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study deMagalhaes2012: De Magalhães, R. M. Q., & Schwilk, D. W. (2012). Leaf traits and litter flammability: evidence for non-additive mixture effects in a temperate forest. Journal of Ecology, 100, 1153-1163.
- “burnt biomass (%): 85.6” · score 85.6 (FLAMITS — burnt biomass (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 2664; Consumability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device burning bench; site deMagalhaes2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study deMagalhaes2012: De Magalhães, R. M. Q., & Schwilk, D. W. (2012). Leaf traits and litter flammability: evidence for non-additive mixture effects in a temperate forest. Journal of Ecology, 100, 1153-1163.
- “flaming duration (s): 383” · score 383 (FLAMITS — flaming duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 3496; Sustainability measurement; plant part cones; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Gabrielson2012-1; sampling ND. Primary study Gabrielson2012: Gabrielson, A. T., Larson, A. J., Lutz, J. A., & Reardon, J. J. (2012). Biomass and burning characteristics of sugar pine cones. Fire Ecology, 8, 58-70.
- “flaming duration (s): 238” · score 238 (FLAMITS — flaming duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 3497; Sustainability measurement; plant part cones; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Gabrielson2012-1; sampling ND. Primary study Gabrielson2012: Gabrielson, A. T., Larson, A. J., Lutz, J. A., & Reardon, J. J. (2012). Biomass and burning characteristics of sugar pine cones. Fire Ecology, 8, 58-70.
- “flaming duration (s): 217” · score 217 (FLAMITS — flaming duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 3498; Sustainability measurement; plant part cones; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Gabrielson2012-1; sampling ND. Primary study Gabrielson2012: Gabrielson, A. T., Larson, A. J., Lutz, J. A., & Reardon, J. J. (2012). Biomass and burning characteristics of sugar pine cones. Fire Ecology, 8, 58-70.
- “flaming duration (s): 166” · score 166 (FLAMITS — flaming duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 3499; Sustainability measurement; plant part cones; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Gabrielson2012-1; sampling ND. Primary study Gabrielson2012: Gabrielson, A. T., Larson, A. J., Lutz, J. A., & Reardon, J. J. (2012). Biomass and burning characteristics of sugar pine cones. Fire Ecology, 8, 58-70.
- “flaming duration (s): 113” · score 113 (FLAMITS — flaming duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 3500; Sustainability measurement; plant part cones; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Gabrielson2012-1; sampling ND. Primary study Gabrielson2012: Gabrielson, A. T., Larson, A. J., Lutz, J. A., & Reardon, J. J. (2012). Biomass and burning characteristics of sugar pine cones. Fire Ecology, 8, 58-70.
- “flaming duration (s): 160” · score 160 (FLAMITS — flaming duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 3501; Sustainability measurement; plant part cones; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Gabrielson2012-1; sampling ND. Primary study Gabrielson2012: Gabrielson, A. T., Larson, A. J., Lutz, J. A., & Reardon, J. J. (2012). Biomass and burning characteristics of sugar pine cones. Fire Ecology, 8, 58-70.
- “flame height (cm): 114” · score 114 (FLAMITS — flame height (cm))
  
  FLAMITS record 3502; Combustibility measurement; plant part cones; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Gabrielson2012-1; sampling ND. Primary study Gabrielson2012: Gabrielson, A. T., Larson, A. J., Lutz, J. A., & Reardon, J. J. (2012). Biomass and burning characteristics of sugar pine cones. Fire Ecology, 8, 58-70.
- “flame height (cm): 111” · score 111 (FLAMITS — flame height (cm))
  
  FLAMITS record 3503; Combustibility measurement; plant part cones; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Gabrielson2012-1; sampling ND. Primary study Gabrielson2012: Gabrielson, A. T., Larson, A. J., Lutz, J. A., & Reardon, J. J. (2012). Biomass and burning characteristics of sugar pine cones. Fire Ecology, 8, 58-70.
- “flame height (cm): 48” · score 48 (FLAMITS — flame height (cm))
  
  FLAMITS record 3504; Combustibility measurement; plant part cones; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Gabrielson2012-1; sampling ND. Primary study Gabrielson2012: Gabrielson, A. T., Larson, A. J., Lutz, J. A., & Reardon, J. J. (2012). Biomass and burning characteristics of sugar pine cones. Fire Ecology, 8, 58-70.
- “flame height (cm): 29” · score 29 (FLAMITS — flame height (cm))
  
  FLAMITS record 3505; Combustibility measurement; plant part cones; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Gabrielson2012-1; sampling ND. Primary study Gabrielson2012: Gabrielson, A. T., Larson, A. J., Lutz, J. A., & Reardon, J. J. (2012). Biomass and burning characteristics of sugar pine cones. Fire Ecology, 8, 58-70.
- “flame height (cm): 17” · score 17 (FLAMITS — flame height (cm))
  
  FLAMITS record 3506; Combustibility measurement; plant part cones; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Gabrielson2012-1; sampling ND. Primary study Gabrielson2012: Gabrielson, A. T., Larson, A. J., Lutz, J. A., & Reardon, J. J. (2012). Biomass and burning characteristics of sugar pine cones. Fire Ecology, 8, 58-70.
- “flame height (cm): 28” · score 28 (FLAMITS — flame height (cm))
  
  FLAMITS record 3507; Combustibility measurement; plant part cones; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Gabrielson2012-1; sampling ND. Primary study Gabrielson2012: Gabrielson, A. T., Larson, A. J., Lutz, J. A., & Reardon, J. J. (2012). Biomass and burning characteristics of sugar pine cones. Fire Ecology, 8, 58-70.
- “burnt biomass (%): 95.3” · score 95.3 (FLAMITS — burnt biomass (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 3508; Consumability measurement; plant part cones; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Gabrielson2012-1; sampling ND. Primary study Gabrielson2012: Gabrielson, A. T., Larson, A. J., Lutz, J. A., & Reardon, J. J. (2012). Biomass and burning characteristics of sugar pine cones. Fire Ecology, 8, 58-70.
- “burnt biomass (%): 92.2” · score 92.2 (FLAMITS — burnt biomass (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 3509; Consumability measurement; plant part cones; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Gabrielson2012-1; sampling ND. Primary study Gabrielson2012: Gabrielson, A. T., Larson, A. J., Lutz, J. A., & Reardon, J. J. (2012). Biomass and burning characteristics of sugar pine cones. Fire Ecology, 8, 58-70.
- “burnt biomass (%): 76.8” · score 76.8 (FLAMITS — burnt biomass (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 3510; Consumability measurement; plant part cones; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Gabrielson2012-1; sampling ND. Primary study Gabrielson2012: Gabrielson, A. T., Larson, A. J., Lutz, J. A., & Reardon, J. J. (2012). Biomass and burning characteristics of sugar pine cones. Fire Ecology, 8, 58-70.
- “burnt biomass (%): 33” · score 33 (FLAMITS — burnt biomass (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 3511; Consumability measurement; plant part cones; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Gabrielson2012-1; sampling ND. Primary study Gabrielson2012: Gabrielson, A. T., Larson, A. J., Lutz, J. A., & Reardon, J. J. (2012). Biomass and burning characteristics of sugar pine cones. Fire Ecology, 8, 58-70.
- “burnt biomass (%): 13.3” · score 13.3 (FLAMITS — burnt biomass (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 3512; Consumability measurement; plant part cones; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Gabrielson2012-1; sampling ND. Primary study Gabrielson2012: Gabrielson, A. T., Larson, A. J., Lutz, J. A., & Reardon, J. J. (2012). Biomass and burning characteristics of sugar pine cones. Fire Ecology, 8, 58-70.
- “burnt biomass (%): 34.1” · score 34.1 (FLAMITS — burnt biomass (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 3513; Consumability measurement; plant part cones; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Gabrielson2012-1; sampling ND. Primary study Gabrielson2012: Gabrielson, A. T., Larson, A. J., Lutz, J. A., & Reardon, J. J. (2012). Biomass and burning characteristics of sugar pine cones. Fire Ecology, 8, 58-70.
- “mass loss rate (g/s): 0.1” · score 0.1 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s))
  
  FLAMITS record 3514; Combustibility measurement; plant part cones; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Gabrielson2012-1; sampling ND. Primary study Gabrielson2012: Gabrielson, A. T., Larson, A. J., Lutz, J. A., & Reardon, J. J. (2012). Biomass and burning characteristics of sugar pine cones. Fire Ecology, 8, 58-70.
- “mass loss rate (g/s): 0.09” · score 0.09 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s))
  
  FLAMITS record 3515; Combustibility measurement; plant part cones; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Gabrielson2012-1; sampling ND. Primary study Gabrielson2012: Gabrielson, A. T., Larson, A. J., Lutz, J. A., & Reardon, J. J. (2012). Biomass and burning characteristics of sugar pine cones. Fire Ecology, 8, 58-70.
- “mass loss rate (g/s): 0.03” · score 0.03 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s))
  
  FLAMITS record 3516; Combustibility measurement; plant part cones; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Gabrielson2012-1; sampling ND. Primary study Gabrielson2012: Gabrielson, A. T., Larson, A. J., Lutz, J. A., & Reardon, J. J. (2012). Biomass and burning characteristics of sugar pine cones. Fire Ecology, 8, 58-70.
- “mass loss rate (g/s): 0.08” · score 0.08 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s))
  
  FLAMITS record 3517; Combustibility measurement; plant part cones; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Gabrielson2012-1; sampling ND. Primary study Gabrielson2012: Gabrielson, A. T., Larson, A. J., Lutz, J. A., & Reardon, J. J. (2012). Biomass and burning characteristics of sugar pine cones. Fire Ecology, 8, 58-70.
- “mass loss rate (g/s): 0.03” · score 0.03 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s))
  
  FLAMITS record 3518; Combustibility measurement; plant part cones; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Gabrielson2012-1; sampling ND. Primary study Gabrielson2012: Gabrielson, A. T., Larson, A. J., Lutz, J. A., & Reardon, J. J. (2012). Biomass and burning characteristics of sugar pine cones. Fire Ecology, 8, 58-70.
- “mass loss rate (g/s): 0.03” · score 0.03 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s))
  
  FLAMITS record 3519; Combustibility measurement; plant part cones; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Gabrielson2012-1; sampling ND. Primary study Gabrielson2012: Gabrielson, A. T., Larson, A. J., Lutz, J. A., & Reardon, J. J. (2012). Biomass and burning characteristics of sugar pine cones. Fire Ecology, 8, 58-70.
- “smouldering duration (s): 2213” · score 2213 (FLAMITS — smouldering duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 3520; Sustainability measurement; plant part cones; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Gabrielson2012-1; sampling ND. Primary study Gabrielson2012: Gabrielson, A. T., Larson, A. J., Lutz, J. A., & Reardon, J. J. (2012). Biomass and burning characteristics of sugar pine cones. Fire Ecology, 8, 58-70.
- “smouldering duration (s): 2317” · score 2317 (FLAMITS — smouldering duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 3521; Sustainability measurement; plant part cones; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Gabrielson2012-1; sampling ND. Primary study Gabrielson2012: Gabrielson, A. T., Larson, A. J., Lutz, J. A., & Reardon, J. J. (2012). Biomass and burning characteristics of sugar pine cones. Fire Ecology, 8, 58-70.
- “smouldering duration (s): 2242” · score 2242 (FLAMITS — smouldering duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 3522; Sustainability measurement; plant part cones; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Gabrielson2012-1; sampling ND. Primary study Gabrielson2012: Gabrielson, A. T., Larson, A. J., Lutz, J. A., & Reardon, J. J. (2012). Biomass and burning characteristics of sugar pine cones. Fire Ecology, 8, 58-70.
- “smouldering duration (s): 269” · score 269 (FLAMITS — smouldering duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 3523; Sustainability measurement; plant part cones; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Gabrielson2012-1; sampling ND. Primary study Gabrielson2012: Gabrielson, A. T., Larson, A. J., Lutz, J. A., & Reardon, J. J. (2012). Biomass and burning characteristics of sugar pine cones. Fire Ecology, 8, 58-70.
- “smouldering duration (s): 117” · score 117 (FLAMITS — smouldering duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 3524; Sustainability measurement; plant part cones; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Gabrielson2012-1; sampling ND. Primary study Gabrielson2012: Gabrielson, A. T., Larson, A. J., Lutz, J. A., & Reardon, J. J. (2012). Biomass and burning characteristics of sugar pine cones. Fire Ecology, 8, 58-70.
- “smouldering duration (s): 1140” · score 1140 (FLAMITS — smouldering duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 3525; Sustainability measurement; plant part cones; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Gabrielson2012-1; sampling ND. Primary study Gabrielson2012: Gabrielson, A. T., Larson, A. J., Lutz, J. A., & Reardon, J. J. (2012). Biomass and burning characteristics of sugar pine cones. Fire Ecology, 8, 58-70.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 938.66” · score 938.66 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 13439; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site vanWagtendonk1998-1; sampling ND. Primary study vanWagtendonk1998: Van Wagdendonk, J., Sydoriak, W. M., & Benedict, J. M. (1998). Heat content variation of Sierra Nevada conifers. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 8, 147-158.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 919.56” · score 919.56 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 13440; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site vanWagtendonk1998-1; sampling ND. Primary study vanWagtendonk1998: Van Wagdendonk, J., Sydoriak, W. M., & Benedict, J. M. (1998). Heat content variation of Sierra Nevada conifers. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 8, 147-158.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4879.62” · score 4879.62 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 13441; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site vanWagtendonk1998-1; sampling ND. Primary study vanWagtendonk1998: Van Wagdendonk, J., Sydoriak, W. M., & Benedict, J. M. (1998). Heat content variation of Sierra Nevada conifers. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 8, 147-158.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4936.94” · score 4936.94 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 13442; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site vanWagtendonk1998-1; sampling ND. Primary study vanWagtendonk1998: Van Wagdendonk, J., Sydoriak, W. M., & Benedict, J. M. (1998). Heat content variation of Sierra Nevada conifers. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 8, 147-158.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4989.49” · score 4989.49 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 13515; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site vanWagtendonk1998-1; sampling ND. Primary study vanWagtendonk1998: Van Wagdendonk, J., Sydoriak, W. M., & Benedict, J. M. (1998). Heat content variation of Sierra Nevada conifers. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 8, 147-158.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4855.74” · score 4855.74 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 13516; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site vanWagtendonk1998-1; sampling ND. Primary study vanWagtendonk1998: Van Wagdendonk, J., Sydoriak, W. M., & Benedict, J. M. (1998). Heat content variation of Sierra Nevada conifers. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 8, 147-158.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 5132.8” · score 5132.8 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 13517; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site vanWagtendonk1998-1; sampling ND. Primary study vanWagtendonk1998: Van Wagdendonk, J., Sydoriak, W. M., & Benedict, J. M. (1998). Heat content variation of Sierra Nevada conifers. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 8, 147-158.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4917.84” · score 4917.84 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 13518; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site vanWagtendonk1998-1; sampling ND. Primary study vanWagtendonk1998: Van Wagdendonk, J., Sydoriak, W. M., & Benedict, J. M. (1998). Heat content variation of Sierra Nevada conifers. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 8, 147-158.
- “flame height (cm): 68.9” · score 68.9 (FLAMITS — flame height (cm))
  
  FLAMITS record 15693; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Varner2022-15; sampling ND. Primary study Varner2022: Varner, J. M., Shearman, T. M., Kane, J. M., Banwell, E., Jules, E., & Stambaugh, M. (2022). Understanding flammability and bark thickness in the genus Pinus using a phylogenetic approach. Scientific Reports, 12, 7384.
- “flaming duration (s): 74.6” · score 74.6 (FLAMITS — flaming duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 15694; Sustainability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Varner2022-15; sampling ND. Primary study Varner2022: Varner, J. M., Shearman, T. M., Kane, J. M., Banwell, E., Jules, E., & Stambaugh, M. (2022). Understanding flammability and bark thickness in the genus Pinus using a phylogenetic approach. Scientific Reports, 12, 7384.
- “smouldering duration (s): 513.9” · score 513.9 (FLAMITS — smouldering duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 15695; Sustainability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Varner2022-15; sampling ND. Primary study Varner2022: Varner, J. M., Shearman, T. M., Kane, J. M., Banwell, E., Jules, E., & Stambaugh, M. (2022). Understanding flammability and bark thickness in the genus Pinus using a phylogenetic approach. Scientific Reports, 12, 7384.
- “burnt biomass (%): 88.8” · score 88.8 (FLAMITS — burnt biomass (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 15696; Consumability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Varner2022-15; sampling ND. Primary study Varner2022: Varner, J. M., Shearman, T. M., Kane, J. M., Banwell, E., Jules, E., & Stambaugh, M. (2022). Understanding flammability and bark thickness in the genus Pinus using a phylogenetic approach. Scientific Reports, 12, 7384.
- “time to flaming (s): 10.4” · score 10.4 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 16921; Ignitability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device burning bench; site deMagalhaes2017-1; sampling ND. Primary study deMagalhaes2017: de Magalhães, R. (2017). The effect of leaf traits on litter flammability in mixed-conifer forest. PhD. Dissertation. Texas Tech University.
- “time to flaming (s): 3.6” · score 3.6 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 16922; Ignitability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device burning bench; site deMagalhaes2017-1; sampling ND. Primary study deMagalhaes2017: de Magalhães, R. (2017). The effect of leaf traits on litter flammability in mixed-conifer forest. PhD. Dissertation. Texas Tech University.
- “time to flaming (s): 5.03” · score 5.03 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 16923; Ignitability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device burning bench; site deMagalhaes2017-1; sampling ND. Primary study deMagalhaes2017: de Magalhães, R. (2017). The effect of leaf traits on litter flammability in mixed-conifer forest. PhD. Dissertation. Texas Tech University.
- “time to flaming (s): 11.22” · score 11.22 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 16924; Ignitability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device burning bench; site deMagalhaes2017-1; sampling ND. Primary study deMagalhaes2017: de Magalhães, R. (2017). The effect of leaf traits on litter flammability in mixed-conifer forest. PhD. Dissertation. Texas Tech University.
- “time to flaming (s): 5.65” · score 5.65 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 16925; Ignitability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device burning bench; site deMagalhaes2017-1; sampling ND. Primary study deMagalhaes2017: de Magalhães, R. (2017). The effect of leaf traits on litter flammability in mixed-conifer forest. PhD. Dissertation. Texas Tech University.
- “burning duration (s): 585.13” · score 585.13 (FLAMITS — burning duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 16926; Sustainability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device burning bench; site deMagalhaes2017-1; sampling ND. Primary study deMagalhaes2017: de Magalhães, R. (2017). The effect of leaf traits on litter flammability in mixed-conifer forest. PhD. Dissertation. Texas Tech University.
- “burning duration (s): 498.83” · score 498.83 (FLAMITS — burning duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 16927; Sustainability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device burning bench; site deMagalhaes2017-1; sampling ND. Primary study deMagalhaes2017: de Magalhães, R. (2017). The effect of leaf traits on litter flammability in mixed-conifer forest. PhD. Dissertation. Texas Tech University.
- “burning duration (s): 285.47” · score 285.47 (FLAMITS — burning duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 16928; Sustainability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device burning bench; site deMagalhaes2017-1; sampling ND. Primary study deMagalhaes2017: de Magalhães, R. (2017). The effect of leaf traits on litter flammability in mixed-conifer forest. PhD. Dissertation. Texas Tech University.
- “burning duration (s): 465.7” · score 465.7 (FLAMITS — burning duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 16929; Sustainability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device burning bench; site deMagalhaes2017-1; sampling ND. Primary study deMagalhaes2017: de Magalhães, R. (2017). The effect of leaf traits on litter flammability in mixed-conifer forest. PhD. Dissertation. Texas Tech University.
- “burning duration (s): 0” · score 0 (FLAMITS — burning duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 16930; Sustainability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device burning bench; site deMagalhaes2017-1; sampling ND. Primary study deMagalhaes2017: de Magalhães, R. (2017). The effect of leaf traits on litter flammability in mixed-conifer forest. PhD. Dissertation. Texas Tech University.
- “flame height (cm): 536” · score 536 (FLAMITS — flame height (cm))
  
  FLAMITS record 16931; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device burning bench; site deMagalhaes2017-1; sampling ND. Primary study deMagalhaes2017: de Magalhães, R. (2017). The effect of leaf traits on litter flammability in mixed-conifer forest. PhD. Dissertation. Texas Tech University.
- “flame height (cm): 524” · score 524 (FLAMITS — flame height (cm))
  
  FLAMITS record 16932; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device burning bench; site deMagalhaes2017-1; sampling ND. Primary study deMagalhaes2017: de Magalhães, R. (2017). The effect of leaf traits on litter flammability in mixed-conifer forest. PhD. Dissertation. Texas Tech University.
- “flame height (cm): 426” · score 426 (FLAMITS — flame height (cm))
  
  FLAMITS record 16933; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device burning bench; site deMagalhaes2017-1; sampling ND. Primary study deMagalhaes2017: de Magalhães, R. (2017). The effect of leaf traits on litter flammability in mixed-conifer forest. PhD. Dissertation. Texas Tech University.
- “flame height (cm): 377.14” · score 377.14 (FLAMITS — flame height (cm))
  
  FLAMITS record 16934; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device burning bench; site deMagalhaes2017-1; sampling ND. Primary study deMagalhaes2017: de Magalhães, R. (2017). The effect of leaf traits on litter flammability in mixed-conifer forest. PhD. Dissertation. Texas Tech University.
- “flame height (cm): 0” · score 0 (FLAMITS — flame height (cm))
  
  FLAMITS record 16935; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device burning bench; site deMagalhaes2017-1; sampling ND. Primary study deMagalhaes2017: de Magalhães, R. (2017). The effect of leaf traits on litter flammability in mixed-conifer forest. PhD. Dissertation. Texas Tech University.
- “burnt biomass (%): 30.77” · score 30.77 (FLAMITS — burnt biomass (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 16936; Consumability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device burning bench; site deMagalhaes2017-1; sampling ND. Primary study deMagalhaes2017: de Magalhães, R. (2017). The effect of leaf traits on litter flammability in mixed-conifer forest. PhD. Dissertation. Texas Tech University.
- “burnt biomass (%): 35.96” · score 35.96 (FLAMITS — burnt biomass (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 16937; Consumability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device burning bench; site deMagalhaes2017-1; sampling ND. Primary study deMagalhaes2017: de Magalhães, R. (2017). The effect of leaf traits on litter flammability in mixed-conifer forest. PhD. Dissertation. Texas Tech University.
- “burnt biomass (%): 16.99” · score 16.99 (FLAMITS — burnt biomass (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 16938; Consumability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device burning bench; site deMagalhaes2017-1; sampling ND. Primary study deMagalhaes2017: de Magalhães, R. (2017). The effect of leaf traits on litter flammability in mixed-conifer forest. PhD. Dissertation. Texas Tech University.
- “burnt biomass (%): 18.86” · score 18.86 (FLAMITS — burnt biomass (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 16939; Consumability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device burning bench; site deMagalhaes2017-1; sampling ND. Primary study deMagalhaes2017: de Magalhães, R. (2017). The effect of leaf traits on litter flammability in mixed-conifer forest. PhD. Dissertation. Texas Tech University.
- “burnt biomass (%): 0” · score 0 (FLAMITS — burnt biomass (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 16940; Consumability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device burning bench; site deMagalhaes2017-1; sampling ND. Primary study deMagalhaes2017: de Magalhães, R. (2017). The effect of leaf traits on litter flammability in mixed-conifer forest. PhD. Dissertation. Texas Tech University.
- “rate of burning spread (cm/s): 0.141” · score 0.141 (FLAMITS — rate of burning spread (cm/s))
  
  FLAMITS record 16941; Sustainability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device burning bench; site deMagalhaes2017-1; sampling ND. Primary study deMagalhaes2017: de Magalhães, R. (2017). The effect of leaf traits on litter flammability in mixed-conifer forest. PhD. Dissertation. Texas Tech University.
- “rate of burning spread (cm/s): 1.56” · score 1.56 (FLAMITS — rate of burning spread (cm/s))
  
  FLAMITS record 16942; Sustainability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device burning bench; site deMagalhaes2017-1; sampling ND. Primary study deMagalhaes2017: de Magalhães, R. (2017). The effect of leaf traits on litter flammability in mixed-conifer forest. PhD. Dissertation. Texas Tech University.
- “rate of burning spread (cm/s): 0.13” · score 0.13 (FLAMITS — rate of burning spread (cm/s))
  
  FLAMITS record 16943; Sustainability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device burning bench; site deMagalhaes2017-1; sampling ND. Primary study deMagalhaes2017: de Magalhães, R. (2017). The effect of leaf traits on litter flammability in mixed-conifer forest. PhD. Dissertation. Texas Tech University.
- “rate of burning spread (cm/s): 0.072” · score 0.072 (FLAMITS — rate of burning spread (cm/s))
  
  FLAMITS record 16944; Sustainability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device burning bench; site deMagalhaes2017-1; sampling ND. Primary study deMagalhaes2017: de Magalhães, R. (2017). The effect of leaf traits on litter flammability in mixed-conifer forest. PhD. Dissertation. Texas Tech University.
- “rate of burning spread (cm/s): 0” · score 0 (FLAMITS — rate of burning spread (cm/s))
  
  FLAMITS record 16945; Sustainability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device burning bench; site deMagalhaes2017-1; sampling ND. Primary study deMagalhaes2017: de Magalhães, R. (2017). The effect of leaf traits on litter flammability in mixed-conifer forest. PhD. Dissertation. Texas Tech University.

Last verified 2026-08-25. JSON (CC BY 4.0)

Profiles: USDA PLANTS · GBIF ·

Pinus lambertiana (Sugar pine). FireApproved. https://fireapproved.com/plants/pinus-lambertiana/. Last verified 2026-08-25.