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Japanese red pine

Pinus densiflora · Pinaceae · all Pinus records

Your local evidence lens

Separate evidence questions, never one approval badge

Set a ZIP to compare this record with state distribution, native range, USDA hardiness, and invasive records.

A genus split is not a placement verdict. Set a ZIP to read the local documented split.

1. Fire evidence and conditions

Fire evidence: Highly flammable — location does not change the cited classification.
Fire-performance conditions: No test or rating condition is normalized.
Fire ecology context: No section-reviewed fire-ecology context is normalized.
Placement evidence: 2 source placement records; source schemes remain separate.
Evidence regions: Global; Japan; eastern US
Maintenance: No sourced horticultural maintenance assertion is normalized; fire-test conditions do not supply maintenance advice.

2. Why this plant is relevant here

State distribution: Documented in DC, DE, MD, NJ, OH, PA, WV.
Native range: No current cited or legacy state native range is normalized.
Introduced / established: No introduced or established row is normalized; that does not prove native status.
USDA hardiness: Only uncertain or inapplicable hardiness rows are cited; no primary zone is projected.

3. Legal, ecological, and broader status

Legal-list status: Set a location for an exact legal-list result; source silence is not clearance.
Seed-list status: Set a location to compare the separate state noxious-weed seed layer.
Reported invasive here: No ecological invasive report is normalized; that does not prove noninvasiveness.
Broader regional context: Aggregate AK, HI, and L48 evidence is shown only as regional context, never as an exact-state finding.
Federal context: Federal designations remain separate from state legal-list results.

How to read this page

The status above is computed from the cited rows below: independent recommendations can support a fire-resistant result, an avoid row can produce keep-away, and disagreement stays visible as conflict. Placement notes preserve each source’s own scheme rather than translating unlike rules into one scale. This is evidence about a plant, not permission to plant it in every part of the defensible space; Zone 0 remains noncombustible.

Japanese red pine (Pinus densiflora) — Photo: (c) Bruce Calvert, some rights reserved (CC BY) (CC BY), via iNaturalist. Species-typical, not necessarily this cultivar.

Form: tree
USDA hardiness: Only uncertain or inapplicable source rows; no primary zone projected
Mature height: ~20 ft
Light: Full sun
Grows in: DC, DE, MD, NJ, OH, PA, WV
Rated in: Global; Japan; eastern US
Family: Pinaceae
Evidence: 209 cited sources

Plant hardiness evidence

These values describe the plant source. Your ZIP zone comes from the separate 2023 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map. Whole-zone values stay whole-zone, and a single unresolved value is not treated as a tolerance range. Different source boundaries stay separate: overlapping statements are compared independently, while only ranges with no shared zone are called a conflict.

Eastern United States Fire Performance Plant Selector · record pinus-densiflora · 2016-wayback · as of 2026-08-26

Source prints 5 · single-value meaning unresolved · whole zone precision · source stated

Source taxon: Pinus densiflora · exact match.

Source location: Cold Hardiness Zone field in the recovered selector record.

Not used for comparison: The recovered selector prints one Cold Hardiness Zone value but does not define it as a minimum threshold or a one-zone range.

Where its sources say to plant it

Placement rules below use each source's own distances or named zones, tied to its rating. They are not interchangeable with the directory's current Zone 0 guidance.

Eastern United States Fire Performance Plant Selector: Landscape Zone 3 — 10–30 ft from the structure; thin vegetation, remove debris, and minimize plant massing [Fire Performance Plant Selector landscape zone] (with its avoid rating)
Tree fire-protection classification in Hito to Shinrin: アカマツ — Table 10-2 [tadaki-kira-1982-fire-protection-power] (with its avoid rating)

The evidence

Grouped by what each source concluded. Primary evidence rated the plant itself (a lab, field program, or original curation); corroboration compiled or republished another source's rating and resolves to its root lineage.

Avoids (2)

Eastern United States Fire Performance Plant Selector — USDA Forest Service Northeastern Area S&PF + state Firewise programs (WV, OH, PA, DE, DC, MD, NJ) · 2016-wayback · original source Primary evidence Keyed curation lineage: ufifas-srs-tree

“NOT Firewise (4)”
Tree fire-protection classification in Hito to Shinrin (人と森林) — Kyoritsu Shuppan; table reproduced by Kagoshima Prefecture · Hito to Shinrin (1982), Table 10-2; Kagoshima web reproduction · original source Primary evidence Expert-curated lineage: independent (root of Japanese municipal fire-protection tree lists)

“防火には不適” · score 0 (tadaki-kira-fire-protection-power-0-3)

Table 10-2 prints アカマツ in the unsuitable fire-protection-power class. The Kagoshima reproduction says highly fire-protective trees can slow spread, promote upward dispersal of heat and smoke, and intercept flying embers.

Listed without a rating (207)

FLAMITS: FLAMmability plant traiTS database — Dryad / Global Ecology and Biogeography · Dryad version 9 · original source Corroboration Trait database lineage: meta-aggregator

207 cited rows from this source; its identity, lineage and tier are stated once.
- “maximum sample temperature (°C): 580.1” · score 580.1 (FLAMITS — maximum sample temperature (°C))
  
  FLAMITS record 6259; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 3132.17” · score 3132.17 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 6260; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “temperature at flaming (°C): 270” · score 270 (FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C))
  
  FLAMITS record 6272; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “time to flaming (s): 6.15” · score 6.15 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6277; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “time to flaming (s): 5.18” · score 5.18 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6363; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “time to flaming (s): 4.3” · score 4.3 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6364; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “time to flaming (s): 3.81” · score 3.81 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6365; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “time to flaming (s): 3.44” · score 3.44 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6366; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “time to flaming (s): 2.91” · score 2.91 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6367; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “time to flaming (s): 2.44” · score 2.44 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6368; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “time to flaming (s): 2.11” · score 2.11 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6369; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “time to flaming (s): 2.01” · score 2.01 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6370; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “time to flaming (s): 1.87” · score 1.87 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6371; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “time to flaming (s): 1.53” · score 1.53 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6372; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “time to flaming (s): 1.26” · score 1.26 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6373; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “time to flaming (s): 1.19” · score 1.19 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6374; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “time to flaming (s): 0.97” · score 0.97 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6375; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “time to flaming (s): 0.91” · score 0.91 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6376; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “time to flaming (s): 0.85” · score 0.85 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6377; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “time to flaming (s): 0.76” · score 0.76 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6378; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “maximum sample temperature (°C): 539.2” · score 539.2 (FLAMITS — maximum sample temperature (°C))
  
  FLAMITS record 6379; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “maximum sample temperature (°C): 522.7” · score 522.7 (FLAMITS — maximum sample temperature (°C))
  
  FLAMITS record 6380; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “maximum sample temperature (°C): 580.1” · score 580.1 (FLAMITS — maximum sample temperature (°C))
  
  FLAMITS record 6381; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “maximum sample temperature (°C): 646.1” · score 646.1 (FLAMITS — maximum sample temperature (°C))
  
  FLAMITS record 6382; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 2531.54” · score 2531.54 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 6383; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 3184.29” · score 3184.29 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 6384; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 3151.09” · score 3151.09 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 6385; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 3094.48” · score 3094.48 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 6386; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “temperature at flaming (°C): 227” · score 227 (FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C))
  
  FLAMITS record 6397; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “time to flaming (s): 4.08” · score 4.08 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6403; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “time to flaming (s): 3.98” · score 3.98 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6404; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “time to flaming (s): 0.74” · score 0.74 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6405; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “time to flaming (s): 3.71” · score 3.71 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6406; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “time to flaming (s): 3.68” · score 3.68 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6407; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “time to flaming (s): 3.47” · score 3.47 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6408; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “time to flaming (s): 3.1” · score 3.1 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6409; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “time to flaming (s): 2.76” · score 2.76 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6410; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “time to flaming (s): 2.61” · score 2.61 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6411; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “time to flaming (s): 2.49” · score 2.49 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6412; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “time to flaming (s): 2.41” · score 2.41 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6413; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “time to flaming (s): 2.38” · score 2.38 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6414; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “time to flaming (s): 2.25” · score 2.25 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6415; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “time to flaming (s): 1.99” · score 1.99 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6416; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “time to flaming (s): 1.83” · score 1.83 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6417; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “time to flaming (s): 1.45” · score 1.45 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6418; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “time to flaming (s): 1.08” · score 1.08 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6419; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “burnt biomass (%): 96.49” · score 96.49 (FLAMITS — burnt biomass (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 6420; Consumability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “burnt biomass (%): 95.69” · score 95.69 (FLAMITS — burnt biomass (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 6421; Consumability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “burnt biomass (%): 94.15” · score 94.15 (FLAMITS — burnt biomass (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 6422; Consumability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “burnt biomass (%): 95.69” · score 95.69 (FLAMITS — burnt biomass (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 6508; Consumability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “burnt biomass (%): 89.32” · score 89.32 (FLAMITS — burnt biomass (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 6509; Consumability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
- “time to flaming (s): 10” · score 10 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6520; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Lee2013-1; sampling ND. Primary study Lee2013: Lee, J.-H., & Kim, D. (2013). Combustion properties for tree species of major structural components of traditional wooden buildings. Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation, 13, 17-22.
- “mass loss rate (g/s): 0.06” · score 0.06 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6521; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Lee2013-1; sampling ND. Primary study Lee2013: Lee, J.-H., & Kim, D. (2013). Combustion properties for tree species of major structural components of traditional wooden buildings. Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation, 13, 17-22.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 3176.65” · score 3176.65 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 6522; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Lee2013-1; sampling ND. Primary study Lee2013: Lee, J.-H., & Kim, D. (2013). Combustion properties for tree species of major structural components of traditional wooden buildings. Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation, 13, 17-22.
- “maximum sample temperature (°C): 515” · score 515 (FLAMITS — maximum sample temperature (°C))
  
  FLAMITS record 6523; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Lee2013-1; sampling ND. Primary study Lee2013: Lee, J.-H., & Kim, D. (2013). Combustion properties for tree species of major structural components of traditional wooden buildings. Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation, 13, 17-22.
- “total heat release (MJ/m²): 118.36” · score 118.36 (FLAMITS — total heat release (MJ/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 6524; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Lee2013-1; sampling ND. Primary study Lee2013: Lee, J.-H., & Kim, D. (2013). Combustion properties for tree species of major structural components of traditional wooden buildings. Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation, 13, 17-22.
- “burning duration (s): 30” · score 30 (FLAMITS — burning duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 6525; Sustainability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Lee2013-1; sampling ND. Primary study Lee2013: Lee, J.-H., & Kim, D. (2013). Combustion properties for tree species of major structural components of traditional wooden buildings. Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation, 13, 17-22.
- “energy flux (kW/m²): 96.59” · score 96.59 (FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 6526; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Lee2013-1; sampling ND. Primary study Lee2013: Lee, J.-H., & Kim, D. (2013). Combustion properties for tree species of major structural components of traditional wooden buildings. Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation, 13, 17-22.
- “time to flaming (s): 257.6” · score 257.6 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 10199; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.
- “time to flaming (s): 91.5” · score 91.5 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 10200; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.
- “time to flaming (s): 60.4” · score 60.4 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 10201; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.
- “time to flaming (s): 41.5” · score 41.5 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 10202; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.
- “time to flaming (s): 23.9” · score 23.9 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 10203; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.
- “time to flaming (s): 15” · score 15 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 10204; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.
- “time to flaming (s): 6.4” · score 6.4 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 10205; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.
- “time to flaming (s): 2.6” · score 2.6 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 10206; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.
- “temperature at flaming (°C): 310.73” · score 310.73 (FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C))
  
  FLAMITS record 10223; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.
- “temperature at flaming (°C): 304.71” · score 304.71 (FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C))
  
  FLAMITS record 10224; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.
- “temperature at flaming (°C): 302.88” · score 302.88 (FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C))
  
  FLAMITS record 10225; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.
- “temperature at flaming (°C): 290.25” · score 290.25 (FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C))
  
  FLAMITS record 10226; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.
- “temperature at flaming (°C): 269.79” · score 269.79 (FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C))
  
  FLAMITS record 10227; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.
- “temperature at flaming (°C): 234.32” · score 234.32 (FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C))
  
  FLAMITS record 10228; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.
- “temperature at flaming (°C): 185.57” · score 185.57 (FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C))
  
  FLAMITS record 10229; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.
- “temperature at flaming (°C): 173.98” · score 173.98 (FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C))
  
  FLAMITS record 10230; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.
- “mass loss rate (g/s): 0.06” · score 0.06 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s))
  
  FLAMITS record 10231; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.
- “mass loss rate (g/s): 0.07” · score 0.07 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s))
  
  FLAMITS record 10232; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.
- “mass loss rate (g/s): 0.07” · score 0.07 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s))
  
  FLAMITS record 10233; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.
- “mass loss rate (g/s): 0.07” · score 0.07 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s))
  
  FLAMITS record 10234; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.
- “mass loss rate (g/s): 0.09” · score 0.09 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s))
  
  FLAMITS record 10235; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.
- “mass loss rate (g/s): 0.11” · score 0.11 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s))
  
  FLAMITS record 10236; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.
- “mass loss rate (g/s): 0.11” · score 0.11 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s))
  
  FLAMITS record 10237; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.
- “mass loss rate (g/s): 0.13” · score 0.13 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s))
  
  FLAMITS record 10238; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.
- “total heat release (MJ/m²): 47.27” · score 47.27 (FLAMITS — total heat release (MJ/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 10247; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2008-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2008: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., & Lee, H.-P. (2008). The thermal characteristics of tree branches, barks, living leaves and dead leaves in Pinus densiflora and Quercus dentata. Fire Science and Engineering, 22, 84-92.
- “total heat release (MJ/m²): 59.9” · score 59.9 (FLAMITS — total heat release (MJ/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 10248; Combustibility measurement; plant part bark; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2008-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2008: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., & Lee, H.-P. (2008). The thermal characteristics of tree branches, barks, living leaves and dead leaves in Pinus densiflora and Quercus dentata. Fire Science and Engineering, 22, 84-92.
- “energy flux (kW/m²): 26.26” · score 26.26 (FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 10249; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2008-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2008: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., & Lee, H.-P. (2008). The thermal characteristics of tree branches, barks, living leaves and dead leaves in Pinus densiflora and Quercus dentata. Fire Science and Engineering, 22, 84-92.
- “energy flux (kW/m²): 33.29” · score 33.29 (FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 10250; Combustibility measurement; plant part bark; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2008-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2008: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., & Lee, H.-P. (2008). The thermal characteristics of tree branches, barks, living leaves and dead leaves in Pinus densiflora and Quercus dentata. Fire Science and Engineering, 22, 84-92.
- “mass loss rate (g/s): 0.12” · score 0.12 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s))
  
  FLAMITS record 10255; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2008-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2008: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., & Lee, H.-P. (2008). The thermal characteristics of tree branches, barks, living leaves and dead leaves in Pinus densiflora and Quercus dentata. Fire Science and Engineering, 22, 84-92.
- “time to flaming (s): 350” · score 350 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 10256; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2008-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2008: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., & Lee, H.-P. (2008). The thermal characteristics of tree branches, barks, living leaves and dead leaves in Pinus densiflora and Quercus dentata. Fire Science and Engineering, 22, 84-92.
- “flaming duration (s): 261” · score 261 (FLAMITS — flaming duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 10257; Sustainability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2008-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2008: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., & Lee, H.-P. (2008). The thermal characteristics of tree branches, barks, living leaves and dead leaves in Pinus densiflora and Quercus dentata. Fire Science and Engineering, 22, 84-92.
- “mass loss rate (g/s): 0.09” · score 0.09 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s))
  
  FLAMITS record 10258; Combustibility measurement; plant part bark; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2008-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2008: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., & Lee, H.-P. (2008). The thermal characteristics of tree branches, barks, living leaves and dead leaves in Pinus densiflora and Quercus dentata. Fire Science and Engineering, 22, 84-92.
- “time to flaming (s): 20” · score 20 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 10259; Ignitability measurement; plant part bark; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2008-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2008: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., & Lee, H.-P. (2008). The thermal characteristics of tree branches, barks, living leaves and dead leaves in Pinus densiflora and Quercus dentata. Fire Science and Engineering, 22, 84-92.
- “flaming duration (s): 1016” · score 1016 (FLAMITS — flaming duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 10260; Sustainability measurement; plant part bark; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2008-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2008: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., & Lee, H.-P. (2008). The thermal characteristics of tree branches, barks, living leaves and dead leaves in Pinus densiflora and Quercus dentata. Fire Science and Engineering, 22, 84-92.
- “total heat release (MJ/m²): 22.8” · score 22.8 (FLAMITS — total heat release (MJ/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 10267; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2008-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2008: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., & Lee, H.-P. (2008). The thermal characteristics of tree branches, barks, living leaves and dead leaves in Pinus densiflora and Quercus dentata. Fire Science and Engineering, 22, 84-92.
- “energy flux (kW/m²): 13.09” · score 13.09 (FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 10268; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2008-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2008: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., & Lee, H.-P. (2008). The thermal characteristics of tree branches, barks, living leaves and dead leaves in Pinus densiflora and Quercus dentata. Fire Science and Engineering, 22, 84-92.
- “mass loss rate (g/s): 0.11” · score 0.11 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s))
  
  FLAMITS record 10271; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2008-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2008: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., & Lee, H.-P. (2008). The thermal characteristics of tree branches, barks, living leaves and dead leaves in Pinus densiflora and Quercus dentata. Fire Science and Engineering, 22, 84-92.
- “time to flaming (s): 49” · score 49 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 10272; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2008-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2008: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., & Lee, H.-P. (2008). The thermal characteristics of tree branches, barks, living leaves and dead leaves in Pinus densiflora and Quercus dentata. Fire Science and Engineering, 22, 84-92.
- “flaming duration (s): 52” · score 52 (FLAMITS — flaming duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 10273; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2008-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2008: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., & Lee, H.-P. (2008). The thermal characteristics of tree branches, barks, living leaves and dead leaves in Pinus densiflora and Quercus dentata. Fire Science and Engineering, 22, 84-92.
- “total heat release (MJ/m²): 63” · score 63 (FLAMITS — total heat release (MJ/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 10277; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2008-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2008: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., & Lee, H.-P. (2008). The thermal characteristics of tree branches, barks, living leaves and dead leaves in Pinus densiflora and Quercus dentata. Fire Science and Engineering, 22, 84-92.
- “energy flux (kW/m²): 35.03” · score 35.03 (FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 10278; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2008-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2008: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., & Lee, H.-P. (2008). The thermal characteristics of tree branches, barks, living leaves and dead leaves in Pinus densiflora and Quercus dentata. Fire Science and Engineering, 22, 84-92.
- “mass loss rate (g/s): 0.12” · score 0.12 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s))
  
  FLAMITS record 10281; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2008-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2008: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., & Lee, H.-P. (2008). The thermal characteristics of tree branches, barks, living leaves and dead leaves in Pinus densiflora and Quercus dentata. Fire Science and Engineering, 22, 84-92.
- “time to flaming (s): 9” · score 9 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 10282; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2008-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2008: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., & Lee, H.-P. (2008). The thermal characteristics of tree branches, barks, living leaves and dead leaves in Pinus densiflora and Quercus dentata. Fire Science and Engineering, 22, 84-92.
- “flaming duration (s): 927” · score 927 (FLAMITS — flaming duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 10283; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2008-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2008: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., & Lee, H.-P. (2008). The thermal characteristics of tree branches, barks, living leaves and dead leaves in Pinus densiflora and Quercus dentata. Fire Science and Engineering, 22, 84-92.
- “energy flux (kW/m²): 12.71” · score 12.71 (FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 10319; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2010b-1; sampling june. Primary study Park2010b: Park, Y-J., Lee, S-Y., & Lee, H-P. (2010b). The Characteristics of Combustion for Living Leaves in Pinus densiflora with Monthly Seasonal Variations. Proceedings of the Korean Society for Disaster Prevention, 10, 72-82
- “energy flux (kW/m²): 25.78” · score 25.78 (FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 10320; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2010b-1; sampling june. Primary study Park2010b: Park, Y-J., Lee, S-Y., & Lee, H-P. (2010b). The Characteristics of Combustion for Living Leaves in Pinus densiflora with Monthly Seasonal Variations. Proceedings of the Korean Society for Disaster Prevention, 10, 72-82
- “energy flux (kW/m²): 49.87” · score 49.87 (FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 10321; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2010b-1; sampling june. Primary study Park2010b: Park, Y-J., Lee, S-Y., & Lee, H-P. (2010b). The Characteristics of Combustion for Living Leaves in Pinus densiflora with Monthly Seasonal Variations. Proceedings of the Korean Society for Disaster Prevention, 10, 72-82
- “total heat release (MJ/m²): 3.8” · score 3.8 (FLAMITS — total heat release (MJ/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 10322; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2010b-1; sampling june. Primary study Park2010b: Park, Y-J., Lee, S-Y., & Lee, H-P. (2010b). The Characteristics of Combustion for Living Leaves in Pinus densiflora with Monthly Seasonal Variations. Proceedings of the Korean Society for Disaster Prevention, 10, 72-82
- “total heat release (MJ/m²): 21.3” · score 21.3 (FLAMITS — total heat release (MJ/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 10323; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2010b-1; sampling june. Primary study Park2010b: Park, Y-J., Lee, S-Y., & Lee, H-P. (2010b). The Characteristics of Combustion for Living Leaves in Pinus densiflora with Monthly Seasonal Variations. Proceedings of the Korean Society for Disaster Prevention, 10, 72-82
- “total heat release (MJ/m²): 29” · score 29 (FLAMITS — total heat release (MJ/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 10324; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2010b-1; sampling june. Primary study Park2010b: Park, Y-J., Lee, S-Y., & Lee, H-P. (2010b). The Characteristics of Combustion for Living Leaves in Pinus densiflora with Monthly Seasonal Variations. Proceedings of the Korean Society for Disaster Prevention, 10, 72-82
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 379.76” · score 379.76 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 10325; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2010b-1; sampling june. Primary study Park2010b: Park, Y-J., Lee, S-Y., & Lee, H-P. (2010b). The Characteristics of Combustion for Living Leaves in Pinus densiflora with Monthly Seasonal Variations. Proceedings of the Korean Society for Disaster Prevention, 10, 72-82
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 898.06” · score 898.06 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 10326; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2010b-1; sampling june. Primary study Park2010b: Park, Y-J., Lee, S-Y., & Lee, H-P. (2010b). The Characteristics of Combustion for Living Leaves in Pinus densiflora with Monthly Seasonal Variations. Proceedings of the Korean Society for Disaster Prevention, 10, 72-82
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 1198.28” · score 1198.28 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 10327; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2010b-1; sampling june. Primary study Park2010b: Park, Y-J., Lee, S-Y., & Lee, H-P. (2010b). The Characteristics of Combustion for Living Leaves in Pinus densiflora with Monthly Seasonal Variations. Proceedings of the Korean Society for Disaster Prevention, 10, 72-82
- “total smoke release (m²/m²): 332” · score 332 (FLAMITS — total smoke release (m²/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 10328; Consumability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2010b-1; sampling june. Primary study Park2010b: Park, Y-J., Lee, S-Y., & Lee, H-P. (2010b). The Characteristics of Combustion for Living Leaves in Pinus densiflora with Monthly Seasonal Variations. Proceedings of the Korean Society for Disaster Prevention, 10, 72-82
- “total smoke release (m²/m²): 220.1” · score 220.1 (FLAMITS — total smoke release (m²/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 10329; Consumability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2010b-1; sampling june. Primary study Park2010b: Park, Y-J., Lee, S-Y., & Lee, H-P. (2010b). The Characteristics of Combustion for Living Leaves in Pinus densiflora with Monthly Seasonal Variations. Proceedings of the Korean Society for Disaster Prevention, 10, 72-82
- “total smoke release (m²/m²): 143.3” · score 143.3 (FLAMITS — total smoke release (m²/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 10330; Consumability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2010b-1; sampling june. Primary study Park2010b: Park, Y-J., Lee, S-Y., & Lee, H-P. (2010b). The Characteristics of Combustion for Living Leaves in Pinus densiflora with Monthly Seasonal Variations. Proceedings of the Korean Society for Disaster Prevention, 10, 72-82
- “mass loss rate (g/s): 0.07” · score 0.07 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s))
  
  FLAMITS record 10331; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2010b-1; sampling june. Primary study Park2010b: Park, Y-J., Lee, S-Y., & Lee, H-P. (2010b). The Characteristics of Combustion for Living Leaves in Pinus densiflora with Monthly Seasonal Variations. Proceedings of the Korean Society for Disaster Prevention, 10, 72-82
- “mass loss rate (g/s): 0.1” · score 0.1 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s))
  
  FLAMITS record 10332; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2010b-1; sampling june. Primary study Park2010b: Park, Y-J., Lee, S-Y., & Lee, H-P. (2010b). The Characteristics of Combustion for Living Leaves in Pinus densiflora with Monthly Seasonal Variations. Proceedings of the Korean Society for Disaster Prevention, 10, 72-82
- “mass loss rate (g/s): 0.16” · score 0.16 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s))
  
  FLAMITS record 10333; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2010b-1; sampling june. Primary study Park2010b: Park, Y-J., Lee, S-Y., & Lee, H-P. (2010b). The Characteristics of Combustion for Living Leaves in Pinus densiflora with Monthly Seasonal Variations. Proceedings of the Korean Society for Disaster Prevention, 10, 72-82
- “time to flaming (s): 147.6” · score 147.6 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 12358; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Seo2010-1; sampling summer and autumn. Primary study Seo2010: Seo, H.-S., & Choung, Y.-S. (2010). Vulnerability of Pinus densiflora to forest fire based on ignition characteristics. Journal of Ecology and Environment, 33, 343-349.
- “time to flaming (s): 245.64” · score 245.64 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 12359; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Seo2010-1; sampling summer and autumn. Primary study Seo2010: Seo, H.-S., & Choung, Y.-S. (2010). Vulnerability of Pinus densiflora to forest fire based on ignition characteristics. Journal of Ecology and Environment, 33, 343-349.
- “time to flaming (s): 334.26” · score 334.26 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 12360; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Seo2010-1; sampling summer and autumn. Primary study Seo2010: Seo, H.-S., & Choung, Y.-S. (2010). Vulnerability of Pinus densiflora to forest fire based on ignition characteristics. Journal of Ecology and Environment, 33, 343-349.
- “maximum flame temperature (°C): 472.81” · score 472.81 (FLAMITS — maximum flame temperature (°C))
  
  FLAMITS record 12361; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Seo2010-1; sampling summer and autumn. Primary study Seo2010: Seo, H.-S., & Choung, Y.-S. (2010). Vulnerability of Pinus densiflora to forest fire based on ignition characteristics. Journal of Ecology and Environment, 33, 343-349.
- “maximum flame temperature (°C): 443.34” · score 443.34 (FLAMITS — maximum flame temperature (°C))
  
  FLAMITS record 12362; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Seo2010-1; sampling summer and autumn. Primary study Seo2010: Seo, H.-S., & Choung, Y.-S. (2010). Vulnerability of Pinus densiflora to forest fire based on ignition characteristics. Journal of Ecology and Environment, 33, 343-349.
- “maximum flame temperature (°C): 367.21” · score 367.21 (FLAMITS — maximum flame temperature (°C))
  
  FLAMITS record 12363; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Seo2010-1; sampling summer and autumn. Primary study Seo2010: Seo, H.-S., & Choung, Y.-S. (2010). Vulnerability of Pinus densiflora to forest fire based on ignition characteristics. Journal of Ecology and Environment, 33, 343-349.
- “maximum flame temperature (°C): 297.41” · score 297.41 (FLAMITS — maximum flame temperature (°C))
  
  FLAMITS record 12364; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Seo2010-1; sampling summer and autumn. Primary study Seo2010: Seo, H.-S., & Choung, Y.-S. (2010). Vulnerability of Pinus densiflora to forest fire based on ignition characteristics. Journal of Ecology and Environment, 33, 343-349.
- “maximum flame temperature (°C): 235.14” · score 235.14 (FLAMITS — maximum flame temperature (°C))
  
  FLAMITS record 12365; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Seo2010-1; sampling summer and autumn. Primary study Seo2010: Seo, H.-S., & Choung, Y.-S. (2010). Vulnerability of Pinus densiflora to forest fire based on ignition characteristics. Journal of Ecology and Environment, 33, 343-349.
- “maximum flame temperature (°C): 172.87” · score 172.87 (FLAMITS — maximum flame temperature (°C))
  
  FLAMITS record 12366; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Seo2010-1; sampling summer and autumn. Primary study Seo2010: Seo, H.-S., & Choung, Y.-S. (2010). Vulnerability of Pinus densiflora to forest fire based on ignition characteristics. Journal of Ecology and Environment, 33, 343-349.
- “burning duration (s): 393.79” · score 393.79 (FLAMITS — burning duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 12373; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Seo2010-1; sampling summer and autumn. Primary study Seo2010: Seo, H.-S., & Choung, Y.-S. (2010). Vulnerability of Pinus densiflora to forest fire based on ignition characteristics. Journal of Ecology and Environment, 33, 343-349.
- “burning duration (s): 516.18” · score 516.18 (FLAMITS — burning duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 12374; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Seo2010-1; sampling summer and autumn. Primary study Seo2010: Seo, H.-S., & Choung, Y.-S. (2010). Vulnerability of Pinus densiflora to forest fire based on ignition characteristics. Journal of Ecology and Environment, 33, 343-349.
- “burning duration (s): 535.34” · score 535.34 (FLAMITS — burning duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 12375; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Seo2010-1; sampling summer and autumn. Primary study Seo2010: Seo, H.-S., & Choung, Y.-S. (2010). Vulnerability of Pinus densiflora to forest fire based on ignition characteristics. Journal of Ecology and Environment, 33, 343-349.
- “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 201.72” · score 201.72 (FLAMITS — maximum energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 12379; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Seo2016-1; sampling ND. Primary study Seo2016: Seo, H.J., Park, J.-E., & Son, D.W. (2016). Combustion and thermal characteristics of Korean wood species. BioResources, 11, 7537-7550.
- “total heat release (MJ/m²): 95.39” · score 95.39 (FLAMITS — total heat release (MJ/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 12380; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Seo2016-1; sampling ND. Primary study Seo2016: Seo, H.J., Park, J.-E., & Son, D.W. (2016). Combustion and thermal characteristics of Korean wood species. BioResources, 11, 7537-7550.
- “time to flaming (s): 24” · score 24 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 12381; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Seo2016-1; sampling ND. Primary study Seo2016: Seo, H.J., Park, J.-E., & Son, D.W. (2016). Combustion and thermal characteristics of Korean wood species. BioResources, 11, 7537-7550.
- “burnt biomass (%): 98.12” · score 98.12 (FLAMITS — burnt biomass (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 12382; Consumability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Seo2016-1; sampling ND. Primary study Seo2016: Seo, H.J., Park, J.-E., & Son, D.W. (2016). Combustion and thermal characteristics of Korean wood species. BioResources, 11, 7537-7550.
- “time to flaming (s): 199” · score 199 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18818; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “time to flaming (s): 70” · score 70 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18819; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “time to flaming (s): 44” · score 44 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18820; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “time to flaming (s): 21” · score 21 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18821; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “time to flaming (s): 13” · score 13 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18822; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “time to flaming (s): 176” · score 176 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18823; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “time to flaming (s): 97” · score 97 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18824; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “time to flaming (s): 72” · score 72 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18825; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “time to flaming (s): 36” · score 36 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18826; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “time to flaming (s): 18” · score 18 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18827; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “time to flaming (s): 76” · score 76 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18828; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “time to flaming (s): 42” · score 42 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18829; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “time to flaming (s): 19” · score 19 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18830; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “time to flaming (s): 14” · score 14 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18831; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “time to flaming (s): 64” · score 64 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18832; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “time to flaming (s): 30” · score 30 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18833; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “time to flaming (s): 22” · score 22 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18834; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “time to flaming (s): 81” · score 81 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18835; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “time to flaming (s): 45” · score 45 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18836; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “time to flaming (s): 21” · score 21 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18837; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “time to flaming (s): 16” · score 16 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18838; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “time to flaming (s): 123” · score 123 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18839; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “time to flaming (s): 59” · score 59 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18840; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “time to flaming (s): 36” · score 36 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18841; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 7.7” · score 7.7 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18933; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 7.7” · score 7.7 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18934; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 7.7” · score 7.7 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18935; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 8.8” · score 8.8 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18936; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 9.7” · score 9.7 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18937; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 9.7” · score 9.7 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18938; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 9.7” · score 9.7 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18939; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 9.9” · score 9.9 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18940; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 11.3” · score 11.3 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18941; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 13.4” · score 13.4 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18942; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 6.7” · score 6.7 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18943; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 7.1” · score 7.1 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18944; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 7.7” · score 7.7 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18945; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 9.5” · score 9.5 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18946; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 8.2” · score 8.2 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18947; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 8.8” · score 8.8 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18948; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 110.1” · score 110.1 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18949; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 6” · score 6 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18950; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 6.8” · score 6.8 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18951; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 7.5” · score 7.5 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18952; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 9” · score 9 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18953; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 6.9” · score 6.9 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18954; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 7.6” · score 7.6 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18955; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 8.2” · score 8.2 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18956; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 9.4” · score 9.4 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s))
  
  FLAMITS record 18957; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “energy flux (kW/m²): 93” · score 93 (FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 19048; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “energy flux (kW/m²): 88” · score 88 (FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 19049; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “energy flux (kW/m²): 90” · score 90 (FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 19050; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “energy flux (kW/m²): 119” · score 119 (FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 19051; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “energy flux (kW/m²): 111” · score 111 (FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 19052; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “energy flux (kW/m²): 120” · score 120 (FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 19053; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “energy flux (kW/m²): 117” · score 117 (FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 19054; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “energy flux (kW/m²): 115” · score 115 (FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 19055; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “energy flux (kW/m²): 155” · score 155 (FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 19056; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “energy flux (kW/m²): 150” · score 150 (FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 19057; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “energy flux (kW/m²): 87” · score 87 (FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 19058; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “energy flux (kW/m²): 88” · score 88 (FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 19059; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “energy flux (kW/m²): 105” · score 105 (FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 19060; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “energy flux (kW/m²): 118” · score 118 (FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 19061; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “energy flux (kW/m²): 104” · score 104 (FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 19062; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “energy flux (kW/m²): 116” · score 116 (FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 19063; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “energy flux (kW/m²): 120” · score 120 (FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 19064; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “energy flux (kW/m²): 80” · score 80 (FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 19065; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “energy flux (kW/m²): 91” · score 91 (FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 19066; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “energy flux (kW/m²): 103” · score 103 (FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 19067; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “energy flux (kW/m²): 112” · score 112 (FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 19068; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “energy flux (kW/m²): 93” · score 93 (FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 19069; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “energy flux (kW/m²): 101” · score 101 (FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 19070; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “energy flux (kW/m²): 115” · score 115 (FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 19071; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
- “energy flux (kW/m²): 123” · score 123 (FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 19072; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.

Fire-resistant trees instead

Post oak
Quercus stellata

Red oak
Quercus rubra

Basswood
Tilia americana

Red maple
Acer rubrum

Wild black cherry
Prunus serotina

White oak
Quercus alba

Fire-resistant trees listed above

Last verified 2026-08-23. JSON (CC BY 4.0)

Profiles: USDA PLANTS · GBIF · iNaturalist · Wikidata · ITIS

Pinus densiflora (Japanese red pine). FireApproved. https://fireapproved.com/plants/pinus-densiflora/. Last verified 2026-08-23.