United States / Grow / Japanese red pine

Japanese red pine

Pinus densiflora · Pinaceae · all Pinus records · Wikipedia

Keep away. Condemned as highly flammable by 2 independent evidence lineages, with no recommendation on record. This status is computed from the cited evidence by the published rule, never hand-assigned. The page keeps its cited source rows visible for readers and separates each evidence channel from the computed result on this record.

▼ the Eastern US Fire Performance Plant Selector ▼ Tree fire-protection classification in Hito to Shinrin

Computed class: Highly flammable (consensus) — derived from the cited evidence by a published rule, never hand-assigned. Each chip above is one independent primary-evidence lineage and its direction. No plant is fireproof; condition and placement govern. Zone 0 is hardscape regardless.

View Saved

Is this one for your yard?

Enter your ZIP to see whether this is legal to plant in your state, and whether it survives your winter.

Fire-resistant trees instead

Form: tree
Mature height: ~20 ft
Light: Full sun
Rated in: Global; Japan; eastern US

On this lot

1. Fire evidence and conditions

Fire evidence: Highly flammable — location does not change the cited classification.
Fire-performance conditions
Fire ecology context
Placement evidence: 2 source placement records; source schemes remain separate.
Evidence regions: Global; Japan; eastern US
Maintenance

2. Why this plant is relevant here

State distribution: Documented in DC, DE, MD, NJ, OH, PA, WV.
Native range
Introduced / established
USDA hardiness: Only uncertain or inapplicable hardiness rows are cited; no primary zone is projected.

3. Legal, ecological, and broader status

Legal-list status
Seed-list status
Reported invasive here
Broader regional context
Federal context

How to read this page

The status above is computed from the cited rows below: independent recommendations can support a fire-resistant result, an avoid row can produce keep-away, and disagreement stays visible as conflict. Placement notes preserve each source’s own scheme rather than translating unlike rules into one scale. This is evidence about a plant, not permission to plant it in every part of the defensible space; Zone 0 remains noncombustible.

Plant hardiness evidence

These values describe the plant source. Your ZIP zone comes from the separate 2023 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map. Whole-zone values stay whole-zone, and a single unresolved value is not treated as a tolerance range. Different source boundaries stay separate: overlapping statements are compared independently, while only ranges with no shared zone are called a conflict.

Eastern United States Fire Performance Plant Selector · record pinus-densiflora · 2016-wayback · as of 2026-08-26

Source prints 5 · single-value meaning unresolved · whole zone precision · source stated

Source taxon: Pinus densiflora · exact match.

Source location: Cold Hardiness Zone field in the recovered selector record.

Not used for comparison: The recovered selector prints one Cold Hardiness Zone value but does not define it as a minimum threshold or a one-zone range.

Where its sources say to plant it

Placement rules below use each source's own distances or named zones, tied to its rating. They are not interchangeable with the directory's current Zone 0 guidance.

Eastern United States Fire Performance Plant Selector: Landscape Zone 3 — 10–30 ft from the structure; thin vegetation, remove debris, and minimize plant massing [Fire Performance Plant Selector landscape zone] (with its avoid rating)
Tree fire-protection classification in Hito to Shinrin: アカマツ — Table 10-2 [tadaki-kira-1982-fire-protection-power] (with its avoid rating)

The evidence

Grouped by what each source concluded. Primary evidence rated the plant itself (a lab, field program, or original curation); corroboration compiled or republished another source's rating and resolves to its root lineage.

Avoids (2)

Eastern United States Fire Performance Plant Selector — USDA Forest Service Northeastern Area S&PF + state Firewise programs (WV, OH, PA, DE, DC, MD, NJ) · 2016-wayback · original source Primary evidence Keyed curation lineage: ufifas-srs-tree

“NOT Firewise (4)”
Tree fire-protection classification in Hito to Shinrin (人と森林) — Kyoritsu Shuppan; table reproduced by Kagoshima Prefecture · Hito to Shinrin (1982), Table 10-2; Kagoshima web reproduction · original source Primary evidence Expert-curated lineage: independent (root of Japanese municipal fire-protection tree lists)

“防火には不適” · score 0 (tadaki-kira-fire-protection-power-0-3)

Table 10-2 prints アカマツ in the unsuitable fire-protection-power class. The Kagoshima reproduction says highly fire-protective trees can slow spread, promote upward dispersal of heat and smoke, and intercept flying embers.

Listed without a rating (207)

Corroboration (207 rows from 1 source)

FLAMITS: FLAMmability plant traiTS database — Dryad / Global Ecology and Biogeography · Dryad version 9 · original source Corroboration Trait database lineage: meta-aggregator

207 cited rows from this source; its identity, lineage and tier are stated once.
- Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.
  
  Shared row context: plant part leaves; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april.
  - Shared measurement context: Combustibility measurement; fuel dead.
    - “maximum sample temperature (°C): 580.1”
      
      FLAMITS record 6259.
    - “calorific value (kcal/kg): 3132.17”
      
      FLAMITS record 6260.
    - “maximum sample temperature (°C): 522.7”
      
      FLAMITS record 6380.
    - “maximum sample temperature (°C): 580.1”
      
      FLAMITS record 6381.
    - “maximum sample temperature (°C): 646.1”
      
      FLAMITS record 6382.
    - “calorific value (kcal/kg): 3184.29”
      
      FLAMITS record 6384.
    - “calorific value (kcal/kg): 3151.09”
      
      FLAMITS record 6385.
    - “calorific value (kcal/kg): 3094.48”
      
      FLAMITS record 6386.
  - Shared measurement context: Ignitability measurement; fuel dead.
    - “temperature at flaming (°C): 270”
      
      FLAMITS record 6272.
    - “time to flaming (s): 6.15”
      
      FLAMITS record 6277.
    - “time to flaming (s): 5.18”
      
      FLAMITS record 6363.
    - “time to flaming (s): 4.3”
      
      FLAMITS record 6364.
    - “time to flaming (s): 3.81”
      
      FLAMITS record 6365.
    - “time to flaming (s): 3.44”
      
      FLAMITS record 6366.
    - “time to flaming (s): 2.91”
      
      FLAMITS record 6367.
    - “time to flaming (s): 2.44”
      
      FLAMITS record 6368.
    - “time to flaming (s): 2.11”
      
      FLAMITS record 6369.
    - “time to flaming (s): 2.01”
      
      FLAMITS record 6370.
    - “time to flaming (s): 1.87”
      
      FLAMITS record 6371.
    - “time to flaming (s): 1.53”
      
      FLAMITS record 6372.
    - “time to flaming (s): 1.26”
      
      FLAMITS record 6373.
    - “time to flaming (s): 1.19”
      
      FLAMITS record 6374.
    - “time to flaming (s): 0.97”
      
      FLAMITS record 6375.
    - “time to flaming (s): 0.91”
      
      FLAMITS record 6376.
    - “time to flaming (s): 0.85”
      
      FLAMITS record 6377.
    - “time to flaming (s): 0.76”
      
      FLAMITS record 6378.
  - Shared measurement context: Combustibility measurement; fuel live.
    - “maximum sample temperature (°C): 539.2”
      
      FLAMITS record 6379.
    - “calorific value (kcal/kg): 2531.54”
      
      FLAMITS record 6383.
  - Shared measurement context: Ignitability measurement; fuel live.
    - “temperature at flaming (°C): 227”
      
      FLAMITS record 6397.
    - “time to flaming (s): 4.08”
      
      FLAMITS record 6403.
    - “time to flaming (s): 3.98”
      
      FLAMITS record 6404.
    - “time to flaming (s): 0.74”
      
      FLAMITS record 6405.
    - “time to flaming (s): 3.71”
      
      FLAMITS record 6406.
    - “time to flaming (s): 3.68”
      
      FLAMITS record 6407.
    - “time to flaming (s): 3.47”
      
      FLAMITS record 6408.
    - “time to flaming (s): 3.1”
      
      FLAMITS record 6409.
    - “time to flaming (s): 2.76”
      
      FLAMITS record 6410.
    - “time to flaming (s): 2.61”
      
      FLAMITS record 6411.
    - “time to flaming (s): 2.49”
      
      FLAMITS record 6412.
    - “time to flaming (s): 2.41”
      
      FLAMITS record 6413.
    - “time to flaming (s): 2.38”
      
      FLAMITS record 6414.
    - “time to flaming (s): 2.25”
      
      FLAMITS record 6415.
    - “time to flaming (s): 1.99”
      
      FLAMITS record 6416.
    - “time to flaming (s): 1.83”
      
      FLAMITS record 6417.
    - “time to flaming (s): 1.45”
      
      FLAMITS record 6418.
    - “time to flaming (s): 1.08”
      
      FLAMITS record 6419.
  - Shared measurement context: Consumability measurement; fuel dead.
    - “burnt biomass (%): 96.49”
      
      FLAMITS record 6420.
    - “burnt biomass (%): 95.69”
      
      FLAMITS record 6421.
    - “burnt biomass (%): 94.15”
      
      FLAMITS record 6422.
    - “burnt biomass (%): 95.69”
      
      FLAMITS record 6508.
  - “burnt biomass (%): 89.32”
    
    FLAMITS record 6509; Consumability measurement; fuel live.
- Primary study Lee2013: Lee, J.-H., & Kim, D. (2013). Combustion properties for tree species of major structural components of traditional wooden buildings. Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation, 13, 17-22.
  
  Shared row context: plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Lee2013-1; sampling ND.
  - “time to flaming (s): 10”
    
    FLAMITS record 6520; Ignitability measurement.
  - Shared measurement context: Combustibility measurement.
    - “mass loss rate (g/s): 0.06”
      
      FLAMITS record 6521.
    - “calorific value (kcal/kg): 3176.65”
      
      FLAMITS record 6522.
    - “maximum sample temperature (°C): 515”
      
      FLAMITS record 6523.
    - “total heat release (MJ/m²): 118.36”
      
      FLAMITS record 6524.
    - “energy flux (kW/m²): 96.59”
      
      FLAMITS record 6526.
  - “burning duration (s): 30”
    
    FLAMITS record 6525; Sustainability measurement.
- Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.
  
  Shared row context: plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND.
  - Shared measurement context: Ignitability measurement.
    - “time to flaming (s): 257.6”
      
      FLAMITS record 10199.
    - “time to flaming (s): 91.5”
      
      FLAMITS record 10200.
    - “time to flaming (s): 60.4”
      
      FLAMITS record 10201.
    - “time to flaming (s): 41.5”
      
      FLAMITS record 10202.
    - “time to flaming (s): 23.9”
      
      FLAMITS record 10203.
    - “time to flaming (s): 15”
      
      FLAMITS record 10204.
    - “time to flaming (s): 6.4”
      
      FLAMITS record 10205.
    - “time to flaming (s): 2.6”
      
      FLAMITS record 10206.
    - “temperature at flaming (°C): 310.73”
      
      FLAMITS record 10223.
    - “temperature at flaming (°C): 304.71”
      
      FLAMITS record 10224.
    - “temperature at flaming (°C): 302.88”
      
      FLAMITS record 10225.
    - “temperature at flaming (°C): 290.25”
      
      FLAMITS record 10226.
    - “temperature at flaming (°C): 269.79”
      
      FLAMITS record 10227.
    - “temperature at flaming (°C): 234.32”
      
      FLAMITS record 10228.
    - “temperature at flaming (°C): 185.57”
      
      FLAMITS record 10229.
    - “temperature at flaming (°C): 173.98”
      
      FLAMITS record 10230.
  - Shared measurement context: Combustibility measurement.
    - “mass loss rate (g/s): 0.06”
      
      FLAMITS record 10231.
    - “mass loss rate (g/s): 0.07”
      
      FLAMITS record 10232.
    - “mass loss rate (g/s): 0.07”
      
      FLAMITS record 10233.
    - “mass loss rate (g/s): 0.07”
      
      FLAMITS record 10234.
    - “mass loss rate (g/s): 0.09”
      
      FLAMITS record 10235.
    - “mass loss rate (g/s): 0.11”
      
      FLAMITS record 10236.
    - “mass loss rate (g/s): 0.11”
      
      FLAMITS record 10237.
    - “mass loss rate (g/s): 0.13”
      
      FLAMITS record 10238.
- Primary study Park2008: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., & Lee, H.-P. (2008). The thermal characteristics of tree branches, barks, living leaves and dead leaves in Pinus densiflora and Quercus dentata. Fire Science and Engineering, 22, 84-92.
  
  Shared row context: predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2008-1; sampling ND.
  - Shared measurement context: Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel all.
    - “total heat release (MJ/m²): 47.27”
      
      FLAMITS record 10247.
    - “energy flux (kW/m²): 26.26”
      
      FLAMITS record 10249.
    - “mass loss rate (g/s): 0.12”
      
      FLAMITS record 10255.
  - Shared measurement context: Combustibility measurement; plant part bark; fuel all.
    - “total heat release (MJ/m²): 59.9”
      
      FLAMITS record 10248.
    - “energy flux (kW/m²): 33.29”
      
      FLAMITS record 10250.
    - “mass loss rate (g/s): 0.09”
      
      FLAMITS record 10258.
  - “time to flaming (s): 350”
    
    FLAMITS record 10256; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel all.
  - “flaming duration (s): 261”
    
    FLAMITS record 10257; Sustainability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel all.
  - “time to flaming (s): 20”
    
    FLAMITS record 10259; Ignitability measurement; plant part bark; fuel all.
  - “flaming duration (s): 1016”
    
    FLAMITS record 10260; Sustainability measurement; plant part bark; fuel all.
  - Shared measurement context: Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead.
    - “total heat release (MJ/m²): 22.8”
      
      FLAMITS record 10267.
    - “energy flux (kW/m²): 13.09”
      
      FLAMITS record 10268.
    - “mass loss rate (g/s): 0.11”
      
      FLAMITS record 10271.
  - “time to flaming (s): 49”
    
    FLAMITS record 10272; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead.
  - “flaming duration (s): 52”
    
    FLAMITS record 10273; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead.
  - Shared measurement context: Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live.
    - “total heat release (MJ/m²): 63”
      
      FLAMITS record 10277.
    - “energy flux (kW/m²): 35.03”
      
      FLAMITS record 10278.
    - “mass loss rate (g/s): 0.12”
      
      FLAMITS record 10281.
  - “time to flaming (s): 9”
    
    FLAMITS record 10282; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live.
  - “flaming duration (s): 927”
    
    FLAMITS record 10283; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live.
- Primary study Park2010b: Park, Y-J., Lee, S-Y., & Lee, H-P. (2010b). The Characteristics of Combustion for Living Leaves in Pinus densiflora with Monthly Seasonal Variations. Proceedings of the Korean Society for Disaster Prevention, 10, 72-82
  
  Shared row context: plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2010b-1; sampling june.
  - Shared measurement context: Combustibility measurement.
    - “energy flux (kW/m²): 12.71”
      
      FLAMITS record 10319.
    - “energy flux (kW/m²): 25.78”
      
      FLAMITS record 10320.
    - “energy flux (kW/m²): 49.87”
      
      FLAMITS record 10321.
    - “total heat release (MJ/m²): 3.8”
      
      FLAMITS record 10322.
    - “total heat release (MJ/m²): 21.3”
      
      FLAMITS record 10323.
    - “total heat release (MJ/m²): 29”
      
      FLAMITS record 10324.
    - “calorific value (kcal/kg): 379.76”
      
      FLAMITS record 10325.
    - “calorific value (kcal/kg): 898.06”
      
      FLAMITS record 10326.
    - “calorific value (kcal/kg): 1198.28”
      
      FLAMITS record 10327.
    - “mass loss rate (g/s): 0.07”
      
      FLAMITS record 10331.
    - “mass loss rate (g/s): 0.1”
      
      FLAMITS record 10332.
    - “mass loss rate (g/s): 0.16”
      
      FLAMITS record 10333.
  - Shared measurement context: Consumability measurement.
    - “total smoke release (m²/m²): 332”
      
      FLAMITS record 10328.
    - “total smoke release (m²/m²): 220.1”
      
      FLAMITS record 10329.
    - “total smoke release (m²/m²): 143.3”
      
      FLAMITS record 10330.
- Primary study Seo2010: Seo, H.-S., & Choung, Y.-S. (2010). Vulnerability of Pinus densiflora to forest fire based on ignition characteristics. Journal of Ecology and Environment, 33, 343-349.
  
  Shared row context: plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Seo2010-1; sampling summer and autumn.
  - Shared measurement context: Ignitability measurement.
    - “time to flaming (s): 147.6”
      
      FLAMITS record 12358.
    - “time to flaming (s): 245.64”
      
      FLAMITS record 12359.
    - “time to flaming (s): 334.26”
      
      FLAMITS record 12360.
  - Shared measurement context: Combustibility measurement.
    - “maximum flame temperature (°C): 472.81”
      
      FLAMITS record 12361.
    - “maximum flame temperature (°C): 443.34”
      
      FLAMITS record 12362.
    - “maximum flame temperature (°C): 367.21”
      
      FLAMITS record 12363.
    - “maximum flame temperature (°C): 297.41”
      
      FLAMITS record 12364.
    - “maximum flame temperature (°C): 235.14”
      
      FLAMITS record 12365.
    - “maximum flame temperature (°C): 172.87”
      
      FLAMITS record 12366.
  - Shared measurement context: Sustainability measurement.
    - “burning duration (s): 393.79”
      
      FLAMITS record 12373.
    - “burning duration (s): 516.18”
      
      FLAMITS record 12374.
    - “burning duration (s): 535.34”
      
      FLAMITS record 12375.
- Primary study Seo2016: Seo, H.J., Park, J.-E., & Son, D.W. (2016). Combustion and thermal characteristics of Korean wood species. BioResources, 11, 7537-7550.
  
  Shared row context: plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Seo2016-1; sampling ND.
  - Shared measurement context: Combustibility measurement.
    - “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 201.72”
      
      FLAMITS record 12379.
    - “total heat release (MJ/m²): 95.39”
      
      FLAMITS record 12380.
  - “time to flaming (s): 24”
    
    FLAMITS record 12381; Ignitability measurement.
  - “burnt biomass (%): 98.12”
    
    FLAMITS record 12382; Consumability measurement.
- Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
  
  Shared row context: plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND.
  - Shared measurement context: Ignitability measurement.
    - “time to flaming (s): 199”
      
      FLAMITS record 18818.
    - “time to flaming (s): 70”
      
      FLAMITS record 18819.
    - “time to flaming (s): 44”
      
      FLAMITS record 18820.
    - “time to flaming (s): 21”
      
      FLAMITS record 18821.
    - “time to flaming (s): 13”
      
      FLAMITS record 18822.
    - “time to flaming (s): 176”
      
      FLAMITS record 18823.
    - “time to flaming (s): 97”
      
      FLAMITS record 18824.
    - “time to flaming (s): 72”
      
      FLAMITS record 18825.
    - “time to flaming (s): 36”
      
      FLAMITS record 18826.
    - “time to flaming (s): 18”
      
      FLAMITS record 18827.
    - “time to flaming (s): 76”
      
      FLAMITS record 18828.
    - “time to flaming (s): 42”
      
      FLAMITS record 18829.
    - “time to flaming (s): 19”
      
      FLAMITS record 18830.
    - “time to flaming (s): 14”
      
      FLAMITS record 18831.
    - “time to flaming (s): 64”
      
      FLAMITS record 18832.
    - “time to flaming (s): 30”
      
      FLAMITS record 18833.
    - “time to flaming (s): 22”
      
      FLAMITS record 18834.
    - “time to flaming (s): 81”
      
      FLAMITS record 18835.
    - “time to flaming (s): 45”
      
      FLAMITS record 18836.
    - “time to flaming (s): 21”
      
      FLAMITS record 18837.
    - “time to flaming (s): 16”
      
      FLAMITS record 18838.
    - “time to flaming (s): 123”
      
      FLAMITS record 18839.
    - “time to flaming (s): 59”
      
      FLAMITS record 18840.
    - “time to flaming (s): 36”
      
      FLAMITS record 18841.
  - Shared measurement context: Combustibility measurement.
    - “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 7.7”
      
      FLAMITS record 18933.
    - “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 7.7”
      
      FLAMITS record 18934.
    - “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 7.7”
      
      FLAMITS record 18935.
    - “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 8.8”
      
      FLAMITS record 18936.
    - “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 9.7”
      
      FLAMITS record 18937.
    - “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 9.7”
      
      FLAMITS record 18938.
    - “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 9.7”
      
      FLAMITS record 18939.
    - “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 9.9”
      
      FLAMITS record 18940.
    - “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 11.3”
      
      FLAMITS record 18941.
    - “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 13.4”
      
      FLAMITS record 18942.
    - “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 6.7”
      
      FLAMITS record 18943.
    - “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 7.1”
      
      FLAMITS record 18944.
    - “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 7.7”
      
      FLAMITS record 18945.
    - “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 9.5”
      
      FLAMITS record 18946.
    - “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 8.2”
      
      FLAMITS record 18947.
    - “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 8.8”
      
      FLAMITS record 18948.
    - “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 110.1”
      
      FLAMITS record 18949.
    - “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 6”
      
      FLAMITS record 18950.
    - “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 6.8”
      
      FLAMITS record 18951.
    - “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 7.5”
      
      FLAMITS record 18952.
    - “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 9”
      
      FLAMITS record 18953.
    - “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 6.9”
      
      FLAMITS record 18954.
    - “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 7.6”
      
      FLAMITS record 18955.
    - “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 8.2”
      
      FLAMITS record 18956.
    - “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 9.4”
      
      FLAMITS record 18957.
    - “energy flux (kW/m²): 93”
      
      FLAMITS record 19048.
    - “energy flux (kW/m²): 88”
      
      FLAMITS record 19049.
    - “energy flux (kW/m²): 90”
      
      FLAMITS record 19050.
    - “energy flux (kW/m²): 119”
      
      FLAMITS record 19051.
    - “energy flux (kW/m²): 111”
      
      FLAMITS record 19052.
    - “energy flux (kW/m²): 120”
      
      FLAMITS record 19053.
    - “energy flux (kW/m²): 117”
      
      FLAMITS record 19054.
    - “energy flux (kW/m²): 115”
      
      FLAMITS record 19055.
    - “energy flux (kW/m²): 155”
      
      FLAMITS record 19056.
    - “energy flux (kW/m²): 150”
      
      FLAMITS record 19057.
    - “energy flux (kW/m²): 87”
      
      FLAMITS record 19058.
    - “energy flux (kW/m²): 88”
      
      FLAMITS record 19059.
    - “energy flux (kW/m²): 105”
      
      FLAMITS record 19060.
    - “energy flux (kW/m²): 118”
      
      FLAMITS record 19061.
    - “energy flux (kW/m²): 104”
      
      FLAMITS record 19062.
    - “energy flux (kW/m²): 116”
      
      FLAMITS record 19063.
    - “energy flux (kW/m²): 120”
      
      FLAMITS record 19064.
    - “energy flux (kW/m²): 80”
      
      FLAMITS record 19065.
    - “energy flux (kW/m²): 91”
      
      FLAMITS record 19066.
    - “energy flux (kW/m²): 103”
      
      FLAMITS record 19067.
    - “energy flux (kW/m²): 112”
      
      FLAMITS record 19068.
    - “energy flux (kW/m²): 93”
      
      FLAMITS record 19069.
    - “energy flux (kW/m²): 101”
      
      FLAMITS record 19070.
    - “energy flux (kW/m²): 115”
      
      FLAMITS record 19071.
    - “energy flux (kW/m²): 123”
      
      FLAMITS record 19072.

Fire-resistant trees instead

post oak
Quercus stellata

northern red oak
Quercus rubra

American basswood
Tilia americana

red maple
Acer rubrum

black cherry
Prunus serotina

white oak
Quercus alba

Fire-resistant trees listed above

Last verified 2026-08-23. JSON (CC BY 4.0)

Profiles: USDA PLANTS · GBIF · iNaturalist · Wikidata · Wikipedia · ITIS

Pinus densiflora (Japanese red pine). FireApproved. https://fireapproved.com/plants/pinus-densiflora/. Last verified 2026-08-23.

1. Fire evidence and conditions

2. Why this plant is relevant here

3. Legal, ecological, and broader status

Plant hardiness evidence

Where its sources say to plant it

The evidence

Avoids (2)

Related plants

Fire-resistant trees instead