{"id":"pinus-densiflora","license":"CC-BY-4.0","data":{"scientificName":"Pinus densiflora","commonNames":["Japanese red pine"],"taxonRank":"species","acceptedName":"Pinus densiflora","family":"Pinaceae","ids":{"usdaSymbol":"PIDE5","gbifKey":5285104,"itisTsn":822552,"wikidataQid":"Q1044186","inatTaxonId":135811},"usdaZoneMin":"5a","zoneSource":"fps-2016","states":["DC","DE","MD","NJ","OH","PA","WV"],"hardinessAssertions":[{"minimum":"5","interpretation":"ambiguous-single-value","precision":"whole-zone","zoneMapping":"source-stated","applicability":"uncertain","applicabilityNotes":"The recovered selector prints one Cold Hardiness Zone value but does not define it as a minimum threshold or a one-zone range.","source":"fps-eastern-us","sourceRecordId":"pinus-densiflora","sourceTaxon":"Pinus densiflora","taxonMatch":"exact","sourcePlacement":"Cold Hardiness Zone field in the recovered selector record","sourceVersion":"2016-wayback","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z"}],"plantForm":"tree","matureHeightFt":20,"sun":"full","photo":{"file":"/images/plants/pinus-densiflora.jpg","sourceUrl":"https://www.inaturalist.org/photos/9304622","observationUrl":"https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/7211437","license":"cc-by","attribution":"(c) Bruce Calvert, some rights reserved (CC BY)","fetchedOn":"2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z"},"evidence":[{"source":"fps-eastern-us","verdict":"avoid","verdictRaw":"NOT Firewise (4)","sourcePlacement":{"value":"LZ3","scheme":"fps-landscape-zone"},"edition":"2016-wayback","accessedOn":"2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"tadaki-kira-fire-classification","verdict":"avoid","verdictRaw":"防火には不適","score":{"value":0,"scale":"tadaki-kira-fire-protection-power-0-3"},"claims":"Table 10-2 prints アカマツ in the unsuitable fire-protection-power class. The Kagoshima reproduction says highly fire-protective trees can slow spread, promote upward dispersal of heat and smoke, and intercept flying embers.","plantPart":"whole-plant","sourcePlacement":{"value":"アカマツ — Table 10-2","scheme":"tadaki-kira-1982-fire-protection-power"},"edition":"Hito to Shinrin (1982), Table 10-2; Kagoshima web reproduction","url":"https://www.pref.kagoshima.jp/ah12/kurashi-kankyo/sumai/kankyo/hoshin3/theme10/273.html","documentDate":"1982-11-01T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"maximum sample temperature (°C): 580.1","score":{"value":580.1,"scale":"FLAMITS — maximum sample temperature (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6259; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"calorific value (kcal/kg): 3132.17","score":{"value":3132.17,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6260; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"temperature at flaming (°C): 270","score":{"value":270,"scale":"FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6272; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 6.15","score":{"value":6.15,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6277; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 5.18","score":{"value":5.18,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6363; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 4.3","score":{"value":4.3,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6364; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 3.81","score":{"value":3.81,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6365; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 3.44","score":{"value":3.44,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6366; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 2.91","score":{"value":2.91,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6367; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 2.44","score":{"value":2.44,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6368; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 2.11","score":{"value":2.11,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6369; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 2.01","score":{"value":2.01,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6370; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 1.87","score":{"value":1.87,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6371; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 1.53","score":{"value":1.53,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6372; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 1.26","score":{"value":1.26,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6373; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 1.19","score":{"value":1.19,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6374; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 0.97","score":{"value":0.97,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6375; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 0.91","score":{"value":0.91,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6376; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 0.85","score":{"value":0.85,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6377; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 0.76","score":{"value":0.76,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6378; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"maximum sample temperature (°C): 539.2","score":{"value":539.2,"scale":"FLAMITS — maximum sample temperature (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6379; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"maximum sample temperature (°C): 522.7","score":{"value":522.7,"scale":"FLAMITS — maximum sample temperature (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6380; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"maximum sample temperature (°C): 580.1","score":{"value":580.1,"scale":"FLAMITS — maximum sample temperature (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6381; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"maximum sample temperature (°C): 646.1","score":{"value":646.1,"scale":"FLAMITS — maximum sample temperature (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6382; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"calorific value (kcal/kg): 2531.54","score":{"value":2531.54,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6383; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"calorific value (kcal/kg): 3184.29","score":{"value":3184.29,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6384; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"calorific value (kcal/kg): 3151.09","score":{"value":3151.09,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6385; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"calorific value (kcal/kg): 3094.48","score":{"value":3094.48,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6386; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"temperature at flaming (°C): 227","score":{"value":227,"scale":"FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6397; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 4.08","score":{"value":4.08,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6403; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 3.98","score":{"value":3.98,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6404; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 0.74","score":{"value":0.74,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6405; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 3.71","score":{"value":3.71,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6406; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 3.68","score":{"value":3.68,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6407; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 3.47","score":{"value":3.47,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6408; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 3.1","score":{"value":3.1,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6409; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 2.76","score":{"value":2.76,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6410; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 2.61","score":{"value":2.61,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6411; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 2.49","score":{"value":2.49,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6412; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 2.41","score":{"value":2.41,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6413; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 2.38","score":{"value":2.38,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6414; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 2.25","score":{"value":2.25,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6415; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 1.99","score":{"value":1.99,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6416; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 1.83","score":{"value":1.83,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6417; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 1.45","score":{"value":1.45,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6418; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 1.08","score":{"value":1.08,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6419; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"burnt biomass (%): 96.49","score":{"value":96.49,"scale":"FLAMITS — burnt biomass (%)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6420; Consumability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"burnt biomass (%): 95.69","score":{"value":95.69,"scale":"FLAMITS — burnt biomass (%)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6421; Consumability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"burnt biomass (%): 94.15","score":{"value":94.15,"scale":"FLAMITS — burnt biomass (%)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6422; Consumability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"burnt biomass (%): 95.69","score":{"value":95.69,"scale":"FLAMITS — burnt biomass (%)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6508; Consumability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"burnt biomass (%): 89.32","score":{"value":89.32,"scale":"FLAMITS — burnt biomass (%)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6509; Consumability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Lee2009-1; sampling april. Primary study Lee2009: Lee, H.-P., Lee, S.-Y., & Park, Y.-J. (2009). A study on thermal characteristics and ignitability of dead leaves and living leaves for main species of trees in Youngdong areas. Fire Science and Engineering, 23, 21-32.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Lee2009","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 10","score":{"value":10,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6520; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Lee2013-1; sampling ND. Primary study Lee2013: Lee, J.-H., & Kim, D. (2013). Combustion properties for tree species of major structural components of traditional wooden buildings. Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation, 13, 17-22.","original":"Lee2013","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"mass loss rate (g/s): 0.06","score":{"value":0.06,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6521; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Lee2013-1; sampling ND. Primary study Lee2013: Lee, J.-H., & Kim, D. (2013). Combustion properties for tree species of major structural components of traditional wooden buildings. Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation, 13, 17-22.","original":"Lee2013","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"calorific value (kcal/kg): 3176.65","score":{"value":3176.65,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6522; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Lee2013-1; sampling ND. Primary study Lee2013: Lee, J.-H., & Kim, D. (2013). Combustion properties for tree species of major structural components of traditional wooden buildings. Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation, 13, 17-22.","original":"Lee2013","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"maximum sample temperature (°C): 515","score":{"value":515,"scale":"FLAMITS — maximum sample temperature (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6523; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Lee2013-1; sampling ND. Primary study Lee2013: Lee, J.-H., & Kim, D. (2013). Combustion properties for tree species of major structural components of traditional wooden buildings. Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation, 13, 17-22.","original":"Lee2013","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"total heat release (MJ/m²): 118.36","score":{"value":118.36,"scale":"FLAMITS — total heat release (MJ/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6524; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Lee2013-1; sampling ND. Primary study Lee2013: Lee, J.-H., & Kim, D. (2013). Combustion properties for tree species of major structural components of traditional wooden buildings. Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation, 13, 17-22.","original":"Lee2013","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"burning duration (s): 30","score":{"value":30,"scale":"FLAMITS — burning duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6525; Sustainability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Lee2013-1; sampling ND. Primary study Lee2013: Lee, J.-H., & Kim, D. (2013). Combustion properties for tree species of major structural components of traditional wooden buildings. Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation, 13, 17-22.","original":"Lee2013","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"energy flux (kW/m²): 96.59","score":{"value":96.59,"scale":"FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6526; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Lee2013-1; sampling ND. Primary study Lee2013: Lee, J.-H., & Kim, D. (2013). Combustion properties for tree species of major structural components of traditional wooden buildings. Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation, 13, 17-22.","original":"Lee2013","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 257.6","score":{"value":257.6,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10199; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2007","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 91.5","score":{"value":91.5,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10200; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2007","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 60.4","score":{"value":60.4,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10201; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2007","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 41.5","score":{"value":41.5,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10202; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2007","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 23.9","score":{"value":23.9,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10203; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2007","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 15","score":{"value":15,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10204; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2007","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 6.4","score":{"value":6.4,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10205; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2007","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 2.6","score":{"value":2.6,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10206; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2007","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"temperature at flaming (°C): 310.73","score":{"value":310.73,"scale":"FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10223; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2007","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"temperature at flaming (°C): 304.71","score":{"value":304.71,"scale":"FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10224; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2007","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"temperature at flaming (°C): 302.88","score":{"value":302.88,"scale":"FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10225; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2007","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"temperature at flaming (°C): 290.25","score":{"value":290.25,"scale":"FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10226; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2007","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"temperature at flaming (°C): 269.79","score":{"value":269.79,"scale":"FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10227; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2007","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"temperature at flaming (°C): 234.32","score":{"value":234.32,"scale":"FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10228; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2007","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"temperature at flaming (°C): 185.57","score":{"value":185.57,"scale":"FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10229; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2007","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"temperature at flaming (°C): 173.98","score":{"value":173.98,"scale":"FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10230; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2007","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"mass loss rate (g/s): 0.06","score":{"value":0.06,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10231; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2007","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"mass loss rate (g/s): 0.07","score":{"value":0.07,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10232; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2007","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"mass loss rate (g/s): 0.07","score":{"value":0.07,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10233; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2007","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"mass loss rate (g/s): 0.07","score":{"value":0.07,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10234; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2007","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"mass loss rate (g/s): 0.09","score":{"value":0.09,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10235; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2007","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"mass loss rate (g/s): 0.11","score":{"value":0.11,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10236; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2007","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"mass loss rate (g/s): 0.11","score":{"value":0.11,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10237; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2007","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"mass loss rate (g/s): 0.13","score":{"value":0.13,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10238; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Park2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2007: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Sin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, H.-P. (2007). The ignition characteristics of dead leaves and living leaves of various trees in Young Dong Forest areas. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2007","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"total heat release (MJ/m²): 47.27","score":{"value":47.27,"scale":"FLAMITS — total heat release (MJ/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10247; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2008-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2008: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., & Lee, H.-P. (2008). The thermal characteristics of tree branches, barks, living leaves and dead leaves in Pinus densiflora and Quercus dentata. Fire Science and Engineering, 22, 84-92.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Park2008","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"total heat release (MJ/m²): 59.9","score":{"value":59.9,"scale":"FLAMITS — total heat release (MJ/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10248; Combustibility measurement; plant part bark; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2008-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2008: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., & Lee, H.-P. (2008). The thermal characteristics of tree branches, barks, living leaves and dead leaves in Pinus densiflora and Quercus dentata. Fire Science and Engineering, 22, 84-92.","plantPart":"bark","original":"Park2008","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"energy flux (kW/m²): 26.26","score":{"value":26.26,"scale":"FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10249; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2008-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2008: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., & Lee, H.-P. (2008). The thermal characteristics of tree branches, barks, living leaves and dead leaves in Pinus densiflora and Quercus dentata. Fire Science and Engineering, 22, 84-92.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Park2008","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"energy flux (kW/m²): 33.29","score":{"value":33.29,"scale":"FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10250; Combustibility measurement; plant part bark; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2008-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2008: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., & Lee, H.-P. (2008). The thermal characteristics of tree branches, barks, living leaves and dead leaves in Pinus densiflora and Quercus dentata. Fire Science and Engineering, 22, 84-92.","plantPart":"bark","original":"Park2008","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"mass loss rate (g/s): 0.12","score":{"value":0.12,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10255; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2008-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2008: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., & Lee, H.-P. (2008). The thermal characteristics of tree branches, barks, living leaves and dead leaves in Pinus densiflora and Quercus dentata. Fire Science and Engineering, 22, 84-92.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Park2008","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 350","score":{"value":350,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10256; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2008-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2008: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., & Lee, H.-P. (2008). The thermal characteristics of tree branches, barks, living leaves and dead leaves in Pinus densiflora and Quercus dentata. Fire Science and Engineering, 22, 84-92.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Park2008","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"flaming duration (s): 261","score":{"value":261,"scale":"FLAMITS — flaming duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10257; Sustainability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2008-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2008: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., & Lee, H.-P. (2008). The thermal characteristics of tree branches, barks, living leaves and dead leaves in Pinus densiflora and Quercus dentata. Fire Science and Engineering, 22, 84-92.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Park2008","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"mass loss rate (g/s): 0.09","score":{"value":0.09,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10258; Combustibility measurement; plant part bark; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2008-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2008: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., & Lee, H.-P. (2008). The thermal characteristics of tree branches, barks, living leaves and dead leaves in Pinus densiflora and Quercus dentata. Fire Science and Engineering, 22, 84-92.","plantPart":"bark","original":"Park2008","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 20","score":{"value":20,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10259; Ignitability measurement; plant part bark; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2008-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2008: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., & Lee, H.-P. (2008). The thermal characteristics of tree branches, barks, living leaves and dead leaves in Pinus densiflora and Quercus dentata. Fire Science and Engineering, 22, 84-92.","plantPart":"bark","original":"Park2008","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"flaming duration (s): 1016","score":{"value":1016,"scale":"FLAMITS — flaming duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10260; Sustainability measurement; plant part bark; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2008-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2008: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., & Lee, H.-P. (2008). The thermal characteristics of tree branches, barks, living leaves and dead leaves in Pinus densiflora and Quercus dentata. Fire Science and Engineering, 22, 84-92.","plantPart":"bark","original":"Park2008","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"total heat release (MJ/m²): 22.8","score":{"value":22.8,"scale":"FLAMITS — total heat release (MJ/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10267; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2008-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2008: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., & Lee, H.-P. (2008). The thermal characteristics of tree branches, barks, living leaves and dead leaves in Pinus densiflora and Quercus dentata. Fire Science and Engineering, 22, 84-92.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2008","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"energy flux (kW/m²): 13.09","score":{"value":13.09,"scale":"FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10268; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2008-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2008: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., & Lee, H.-P. (2008). The thermal characteristics of tree branches, barks, living leaves and dead leaves in Pinus densiflora and Quercus dentata. Fire Science and Engineering, 22, 84-92.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2008","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"mass loss rate (g/s): 0.11","score":{"value":0.11,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10271; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2008-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2008: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., & Lee, H.-P. (2008). The thermal characteristics of tree branches, barks, living leaves and dead leaves in Pinus densiflora and Quercus dentata. Fire Science and Engineering, 22, 84-92.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2008","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 49","score":{"value":49,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10272; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2008-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2008: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., & Lee, H.-P. (2008). The thermal characteristics of tree branches, barks, living leaves and dead leaves in Pinus densiflora and Quercus dentata. Fire Science and Engineering, 22, 84-92.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2008","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"flaming duration (s): 52","score":{"value":52,"scale":"FLAMITS — flaming duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10273; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2008-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2008: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., & Lee, H.-P. (2008). The thermal characteristics of tree branches, barks, living leaves and dead leaves in Pinus densiflora and Quercus dentata. Fire Science and Engineering, 22, 84-92.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2008","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"total heat release (MJ/m²): 63","score":{"value":63,"scale":"FLAMITS — total heat release (MJ/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10277; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2008-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2008: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., & Lee, H.-P. (2008). The thermal characteristics of tree branches, barks, living leaves and dead leaves in Pinus densiflora and Quercus dentata. Fire Science and Engineering, 22, 84-92.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2008","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"energy flux (kW/m²): 35.03","score":{"value":35.03,"scale":"FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10278; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2008-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2008: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., & Lee, H.-P. (2008). The thermal characteristics of tree branches, barks, living leaves and dead leaves in Pinus densiflora and Quercus dentata. Fire Science and Engineering, 22, 84-92.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2008","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"mass loss rate (g/s): 0.12","score":{"value":0.12,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10281; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2008-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2008: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., & Lee, H.-P. (2008). The thermal characteristics of tree branches, barks, living leaves and dead leaves in Pinus densiflora and Quercus dentata. Fire Science and Engineering, 22, 84-92.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2008","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 9","score":{"value":9,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10282; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2008-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2008: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., & Lee, H.-P. (2008). The thermal characteristics of tree branches, barks, living leaves and dead leaves in Pinus densiflora and Quercus dentata. Fire Science and Engineering, 22, 84-92.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2008","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"flaming duration (s): 927","score":{"value":927,"scale":"FLAMITS — flaming duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10283; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2008-1; sampling ND. Primary study Park2008: Park, Y.-J., Lee, S.-Y., & Lee, H.-P. (2008). The thermal characteristics of tree branches, barks, living leaves and dead leaves in Pinus densiflora and Quercus dentata. Fire Science and Engineering, 22, 84-92.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2008","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"energy flux (kW/m²): 12.71","score":{"value":12.71,"scale":"FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10319; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2010b-1; sampling june. Primary study Park2010b: Park, Y-J., Lee, S-Y., & Lee, H-P. (2010b). The Characteristics of Combustion for Living Leaves in Pinus densiflora with Monthly Seasonal Variations. Proceedings of the Korean Society for Disaster Prevention, 10, 72-82","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2010b","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"energy flux (kW/m²): 25.78","score":{"value":25.78,"scale":"FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10320; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2010b-1; sampling june. Primary study Park2010b: Park, Y-J., Lee, S-Y., & Lee, H-P. (2010b). The Characteristics of Combustion for Living Leaves in Pinus densiflora with Monthly Seasonal Variations. Proceedings of the Korean Society for Disaster Prevention, 10, 72-82","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2010b","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"energy flux (kW/m²): 49.87","score":{"value":49.87,"scale":"FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10321; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2010b-1; sampling june. Primary study Park2010b: Park, Y-J., Lee, S-Y., & Lee, H-P. (2010b). The Characteristics of Combustion for Living Leaves in Pinus densiflora with Monthly Seasonal Variations. Proceedings of the Korean Society for Disaster Prevention, 10, 72-82","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2010b","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"total heat release (MJ/m²): 3.8","score":{"value":3.8,"scale":"FLAMITS — total heat release (MJ/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10322; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2010b-1; sampling june. Primary study Park2010b: Park, Y-J., Lee, S-Y., & Lee, H-P. (2010b). The Characteristics of Combustion for Living Leaves in Pinus densiflora with Monthly Seasonal Variations. Proceedings of the Korean Society for Disaster Prevention, 10, 72-82","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2010b","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"total heat release (MJ/m²): 21.3","score":{"value":21.3,"scale":"FLAMITS — total heat release (MJ/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10323; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2010b-1; sampling june. Primary study Park2010b: Park, Y-J., Lee, S-Y., & Lee, H-P. (2010b). The Characteristics of Combustion for Living Leaves in Pinus densiflora with Monthly Seasonal Variations. Proceedings of the Korean Society for Disaster Prevention, 10, 72-82","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2010b","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"total heat release (MJ/m²): 29","score":{"value":29,"scale":"FLAMITS — total heat release (MJ/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10324; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2010b-1; sampling june. Primary study Park2010b: Park, Y-J., Lee, S-Y., & Lee, H-P. (2010b). The Characteristics of Combustion for Living Leaves in Pinus densiflora with Monthly Seasonal Variations. Proceedings of the Korean Society for Disaster Prevention, 10, 72-82","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2010b","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"calorific value (kcal/kg): 379.76","score":{"value":379.76,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10325; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2010b-1; sampling june. Primary study Park2010b: Park, Y-J., Lee, S-Y., & Lee, H-P. (2010b). The Characteristics of Combustion for Living Leaves in Pinus densiflora with Monthly Seasonal Variations. Proceedings of the Korean Society for Disaster Prevention, 10, 72-82","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2010b","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"calorific value (kcal/kg): 898.06","score":{"value":898.06,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10326; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2010b-1; sampling june. Primary study Park2010b: Park, Y-J., Lee, S-Y., & Lee, H-P. (2010b). The Characteristics of Combustion for Living Leaves in Pinus densiflora with Monthly Seasonal Variations. Proceedings of the Korean Society for Disaster Prevention, 10, 72-82","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2010b","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"calorific value (kcal/kg): 1198.28","score":{"value":1198.28,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10327; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2010b-1; sampling june. Primary study Park2010b: Park, Y-J., Lee, S-Y., & Lee, H-P. (2010b). The Characteristics of Combustion for Living Leaves in Pinus densiflora with Monthly Seasonal Variations. Proceedings of the Korean Society for Disaster Prevention, 10, 72-82","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2010b","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"total smoke release (m²/m²): 332","score":{"value":332,"scale":"FLAMITS — total smoke release (m²/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10328; Consumability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2010b-1; sampling june. Primary study Park2010b: Park, Y-J., Lee, S-Y., & Lee, H-P. (2010b). The Characteristics of Combustion for Living Leaves in Pinus densiflora with Monthly Seasonal Variations. Proceedings of the Korean Society for Disaster Prevention, 10, 72-82","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2010b","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"total smoke release (m²/m²): 220.1","score":{"value":220.1,"scale":"FLAMITS — total smoke release (m²/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10329; Consumability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2010b-1; sampling june. Primary study Park2010b: Park, Y-J., Lee, S-Y., & Lee, H-P. (2010b). The Characteristics of Combustion for Living Leaves in Pinus densiflora with Monthly Seasonal Variations. Proceedings of the Korean Society for Disaster Prevention, 10, 72-82","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2010b","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"total smoke release (m²/m²): 143.3","score":{"value":143.3,"scale":"FLAMITS — total smoke release (m²/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10330; Consumability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2010b-1; sampling june. Primary study Park2010b: Park, Y-J., Lee, S-Y., & Lee, H-P. (2010b). The Characteristics of Combustion for Living Leaves in Pinus densiflora with Monthly Seasonal Variations. Proceedings of the Korean Society for Disaster Prevention, 10, 72-82","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2010b","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"mass loss rate (g/s): 0.07","score":{"value":0.07,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10331; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2010b-1; sampling june. Primary study Park2010b: Park, Y-J., Lee, S-Y., & Lee, H-P. (2010b). The Characteristics of Combustion for Living Leaves in Pinus densiflora with Monthly Seasonal Variations. Proceedings of the Korean Society for Disaster Prevention, 10, 72-82","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2010b","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"mass loss rate (g/s): 0.1","score":{"value":0.1,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10332; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2010b-1; sampling june. Primary study Park2010b: Park, Y-J., Lee, S-Y., & Lee, H-P. (2010b). The Characteristics of Combustion for Living Leaves in Pinus densiflora with Monthly Seasonal Variations. Proceedings of the Korean Society for Disaster Prevention, 10, 72-82","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2010b","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"mass loss rate (g/s): 0.16","score":{"value":0.16,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10333; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Park2010b-1; sampling june. Primary study Park2010b: Park, Y-J., Lee, S-Y., & Lee, H-P. (2010b). The Characteristics of Combustion for Living Leaves in Pinus densiflora with Monthly Seasonal Variations. Proceedings of the Korean Society for Disaster Prevention, 10, 72-82","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Park2010b","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 147.6","score":{"value":147.6,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 12358; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Seo2010-1; sampling summer and autumn. Primary study Seo2010: Seo, H.-S., & Choung, Y.-S. (2010). Vulnerability of Pinus densiflora to forest fire based on ignition characteristics. Journal of Ecology and Environment, 33, 343-349.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Seo2010","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 245.64","score":{"value":245.64,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 12359; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Seo2010-1; sampling summer and autumn. Primary study Seo2010: Seo, H.-S., & Choung, Y.-S. (2010). Vulnerability of Pinus densiflora to forest fire based on ignition characteristics. Journal of Ecology and Environment, 33, 343-349.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Seo2010","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 334.26","score":{"value":334.26,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 12360; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Seo2010-1; sampling summer and autumn. Primary study Seo2010: Seo, H.-S., & Choung, Y.-S. (2010). Vulnerability of Pinus densiflora to forest fire based on ignition characteristics. Journal of Ecology and Environment, 33, 343-349.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Seo2010","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"maximum flame temperature (°C): 472.81","score":{"value":472.81,"scale":"FLAMITS — maximum flame temperature (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 12361; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Seo2010-1; sampling summer and autumn. Primary study Seo2010: Seo, H.-S., & Choung, Y.-S. (2010). Vulnerability of Pinus densiflora to forest fire based on ignition characteristics. Journal of Ecology and Environment, 33, 343-349.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Seo2010","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"maximum flame temperature (°C): 443.34","score":{"value":443.34,"scale":"FLAMITS — maximum flame temperature (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 12362; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Seo2010-1; sampling summer and autumn. Primary study Seo2010: Seo, H.-S., & Choung, Y.-S. (2010). Vulnerability of Pinus densiflora to forest fire based on ignition characteristics. Journal of Ecology and Environment, 33, 343-349.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Seo2010","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"maximum flame temperature (°C): 367.21","score":{"value":367.21,"scale":"FLAMITS — maximum flame temperature (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 12363; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Seo2010-1; sampling summer and autumn. Primary study Seo2010: Seo, H.-S., & Choung, Y.-S. (2010). Vulnerability of Pinus densiflora to forest fire based on ignition characteristics. Journal of Ecology and Environment, 33, 343-349.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Seo2010","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"maximum flame temperature (°C): 297.41","score":{"value":297.41,"scale":"FLAMITS — maximum flame temperature (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 12364; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Seo2010-1; sampling summer and autumn. Primary study Seo2010: Seo, H.-S., & Choung, Y.-S. (2010). Vulnerability of Pinus densiflora to forest fire based on ignition characteristics. Journal of Ecology and Environment, 33, 343-349.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Seo2010","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"maximum flame temperature (°C): 235.14","score":{"value":235.14,"scale":"FLAMITS — maximum flame temperature (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 12365; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Seo2010-1; sampling summer and autumn. Primary study Seo2010: Seo, H.-S., & Choung, Y.-S. (2010). Vulnerability of Pinus densiflora to forest fire based on ignition characteristics. Journal of Ecology and Environment, 33, 343-349.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Seo2010","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"maximum flame temperature (°C): 172.87","score":{"value":172.87,"scale":"FLAMITS — maximum flame temperature (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 12366; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Seo2010-1; sampling summer and autumn. Primary study Seo2010: Seo, H.-S., & Choung, Y.-S. (2010). Vulnerability of Pinus densiflora to forest fire based on ignition characteristics. Journal of Ecology and Environment, 33, 343-349.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Seo2010","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"burning duration (s): 393.79","score":{"value":393.79,"scale":"FLAMITS — burning duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 12373; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Seo2010-1; sampling summer and autumn. Primary study Seo2010: Seo, H.-S., & Choung, Y.-S. (2010). Vulnerability of Pinus densiflora to forest fire based on ignition characteristics. Journal of Ecology and Environment, 33, 343-349.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Seo2010","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"burning duration (s): 516.18","score":{"value":516.18,"scale":"FLAMITS — burning duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 12374; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Seo2010-1; sampling summer and autumn. Primary study Seo2010: Seo, H.-S., & Choung, Y.-S. (2010). Vulnerability of Pinus densiflora to forest fire based on ignition characteristics. Journal of Ecology and Environment, 33, 343-349.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Seo2010","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"burning duration (s): 535.34","score":{"value":535.34,"scale":"FLAMITS — burning duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 12375; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Seo2010-1; sampling summer and autumn. Primary study Seo2010: Seo, H.-S., & Choung, Y.-S. (2010). Vulnerability of Pinus densiflora to forest fire based on ignition characteristics. Journal of Ecology and Environment, 33, 343-349.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Seo2010","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 201.72","score":{"value":201.72,"scale":"FLAMITS — maximum energy flux (kW/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 12379; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Seo2016-1; sampling ND. Primary study Seo2016: Seo, H.J., Park, J.-E., & Son, D.W. (2016). Combustion and thermal characteristics of Korean wood species. BioResources, 11, 7537-7550.","original":"Seo2016","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"total heat release (MJ/m²): 95.39","score":{"value":95.39,"scale":"FLAMITS — total heat release (MJ/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 12380; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Seo2016-1; sampling ND. Primary study Seo2016: Seo, H.J., Park, J.-E., & Son, D.W. (2016). Combustion and thermal characteristics of Korean wood species. BioResources, 11, 7537-7550.","original":"Seo2016","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 24","score":{"value":24,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 12381; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Seo2016-1; sampling ND. Primary study Seo2016: Seo, H.J., Park, J.-E., & Son, D.W. (2016). Combustion and thermal characteristics of Korean wood species. BioResources, 11, 7537-7550.","original":"Seo2016","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"burnt biomass (%): 98.12","score":{"value":98.12,"scale":"FLAMITS — burnt biomass (%)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 12382; Consumability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Seo2016-1; sampling ND. Primary study Seo2016: Seo, H.J., Park, J.-E., & Son, D.W. (2016). Combustion and thermal characteristics of Korean wood species. BioResources, 11, 7537-7550.","original":"Seo2016","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 199","score":{"value":199,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18818; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 70","score":{"value":70,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18819; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 44","score":{"value":44,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18820; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 21","score":{"value":21,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18821; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 13","score":{"value":13,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18822; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 176","score":{"value":176,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18823; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 97","score":{"value":97,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18824; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 72","score":{"value":72,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18825; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 36","score":{"value":36,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18826; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 18","score":{"value":18,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18827; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 76","score":{"value":76,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18828; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 42","score":{"value":42,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18829; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 19","score":{"value":19,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18830; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 14","score":{"value":14,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18831; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 64","score":{"value":64,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18832; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 30","score":{"value":30,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18833; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 22","score":{"value":22,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18834; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 81","score":{"value":81,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18835; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 45","score":{"value":45,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18836; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 21","score":{"value":21,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18837; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 16","score":{"value":16,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18838; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 123","score":{"value":123,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18839; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 59","score":{"value":59,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18840; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 36","score":{"value":36,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18841; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 7.7","score":{"value":7.7,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18933; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 7.7","score":{"value":7.7,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18934; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 7.7","score":{"value":7.7,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18935; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 8.8","score":{"value":8.8,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18936; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 9.7","score":{"value":9.7,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18937; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 9.7","score":{"value":9.7,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18938; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 9.7","score":{"value":9.7,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18939; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 9.9","score":{"value":9.9,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18940; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 11.3","score":{"value":11.3,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18941; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 13.4","score":{"value":13.4,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18942; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 6.7","score":{"value":6.7,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18943; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 7.1","score":{"value":7.1,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18944; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 7.7","score":{"value":7.7,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18945; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 9.5","score":{"value":9.5,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18946; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 8.2","score":{"value":8.2,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18947; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 8.8","score":{"value":8.8,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18948; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 110.1","score":{"value":110.1,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18949; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 6","score":{"value":6,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18950; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 6.8","score":{"value":6.8,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18951; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 7.5","score":{"value":7.5,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18952; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 9","score":{"value":9,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18953; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 6.9","score":{"value":6.9,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18954; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 7.6","score":{"value":7.6,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18955; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 8.2","score":{"value":8.2,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18956; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 9.4","score":{"value":9.4,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 18957; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"energy flux (kW/m²): 93","score":{"value":93,"scale":"FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 19048; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"energy flux (kW/m²): 88","score":{"value":88,"scale":"FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 19049; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"energy flux (kW/m²): 90","score":{"value":90,"scale":"FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 19050; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"energy flux (kW/m²): 119","score":{"value":119,"scale":"FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 19051; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"energy flux (kW/m²): 111","score":{"value":111,"scale":"FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 19052; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"energy flux (kW/m²): 120","score":{"value":120,"scale":"FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 19053; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"energy flux (kW/m²): 117","score":{"value":117,"scale":"FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 19054; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"energy flux (kW/m²): 115","score":{"value":115,"scale":"FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 19055; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"energy flux (kW/m²): 155","score":{"value":155,"scale":"FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 19056; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"energy flux (kW/m²): 150","score":{"value":150,"scale":"FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 19057; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"energy flux (kW/m²): 87","score":{"value":87,"scale":"FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 19058; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"energy flux (kW/m²): 88","score":{"value":88,"scale":"FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 19059; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"energy flux (kW/m²): 105","score":{"value":105,"scale":"FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 19060; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"energy flux (kW/m²): 118","score":{"value":118,"scale":"FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 19061; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"energy flux (kW/m²): 104","score":{"value":104,"scale":"FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 19062; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"energy flux (kW/m²): 116","score":{"value":116,"scale":"FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 19063; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"energy flux (kW/m²): 120","score":{"value":120,"scale":"FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 19064; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"energy flux (kW/m²): 80","score":{"value":80,"scale":"FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 19065; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"energy flux (kW/m²): 91","score":{"value":91,"scale":"FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 19066; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"energy flux (kW/m²): 103","score":{"value":103,"scale":"FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 19067; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"energy flux (kW/m²): 112","score":{"value":112,"scale":"FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 19068; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"energy flux (kW/m²): 93","score":{"value":93,"scale":"FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 19069; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"energy flux (kW/m²): 101","score":{"value":101,"scale":"FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 19070; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"energy flux (kW/m²): 115","score":{"value":115,"scale":"FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 19071; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"energy flux (kW/m²): 123","score":{"value":123,"scale":"FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 19072; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.","original":"Harada2001","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"}],"flammabilityClass":"highly-flammable","ratingReason":"consensus","recommendation":"avoid","author":"grayson-graham","reviewStatus":"draft","lastVerified":"2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z","reviewNotes":"Photo auto-selected (top-voted iNat); human review pending."},"localAssessmentInputs":{"stateDistribution":["DC","DE","MD","NJ","OH","PA","WV"],"nativeStates":[],"rangeAssertions":[{"relation":"documented-occurrence","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["DC","DE","MD","NJ","OH","PA","WV"]},"provenance":"legacy-field"}],"usdaZoneMin":"5a","usdaZoneMax":null,"hardinessAssertions":[{"minimum":"5","interpretation":"ambiguous-single-value","precision":"whole-zone","zoneMapping":"source-stated","applicability":"uncertain","applicabilityNotes":"The recovered selector prints one Cold Hardiness Zone value but does not define it as a minimum threshold or a one-zone range.","source":"fps-eastern-us","sourceRecordId":"pinus-densiflora","sourceTaxon":"Pinus densiflora","taxonMatch":"exact","sourcePlacement":"Cold Hardiness Zone field in the recovered selector record","sourceVersion":"2016-wayback","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"}],"hardinessSelection":{"status":"unresolved-applicability","assertions":[{"minimum":"5","interpretation":"ambiguous-single-value","precision":"whole-zone","zoneMapping":"source-stated","applicability":"uncertain","applicabilityNotes":"The recovered selector prints one Cold Hardiness Zone value but does not define it as a minimum threshold or a one-zone range.","source":"fps-eastern-us","sourceRecordId":"pinus-densiflora","sourceTaxon":"Pinus densiflora","taxonMatch":"exact","sourcePlacement":"Cold Hardiness Zone field in the recovered selector record","sourceVersion":"2016-wayback","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"}]},"invasiveIn":[],"statusAssertions":[],"fireEvidenceClass":"highly-flammable","recommendation":"avoid","fireSourceScopes":[],"firePerformanceConditions":[],"maintenanceAssertions":[],"maintenanceConditions":null,"regulatoryReviews":{},"seedReviews":{}},"legacyCompatibilityProjection":{"nativeStates":[],"invasiveIn":[]},"localAssessmentContract":"Compare each dimension separately. State noxious-weed seed designations are material-scoped and never become non-seed plant restrictions, ecological-invasive findings, nursery restrictions, alternatives, product evidence, or fire votes. Introduced/established context is not an invasive warning. Minimum-only hardiness has no inferred maximum; canonical source-temperature conversion is validated and contradictory applicable rows project no primary zone. L48 context applies only to conterminous states and is never exact-state status. Fire-performance conditions are not maintenance advice. FEIS fire-ecology context does not vote in the plant classification. Absence of a status row is not regulatory clearance."}