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Form
grass
Rated in
Global
On this lot
1. Fire evidence and conditions
Fire evidence
Mixed evidence — location does not change the cited classification.
Fire-performance conditions
Fire ecology context
Placement evidence
Evidence regions
Global
Maintenance
2. Why this plant is relevant here
State distribution
Documented in SC.
Native range
Introduced / established
1 sourced range or established record. This is not an invasive warning.
USDA hardiness
3. Legal, ecological, and broader status
Legal-list status
Seed-list status
Reported invasive here
1 ecological invasive report.
Broader regional context
Federal context
How to read this page
The status above is computed from the cited rows below: independent recommendations can support a fire-resistant result, an avoid row can produce keep-away, and disagreement stays visible as conflict. Placement notes preserve each source’s own scheme rather than translating unlike rules into one scale. This is evidence about a plant, not permission to plant it in every part of the defensible space; Zone 0 remains noncombustible.
Native and introduced range evidence
These are exact U.S. botanical-area records from the cited range source. Native and
introduced describe biogeographic relationship, not fire performance or planting approval.
Doubtful and extinct rows stay visible but do not count as current presence.
The lossless worldwide derivative is retained once in the research corpus; object pages repeat only exact U.S. areas needed by the local lens. The JSON twin carries the same page assertions.
The evidence
Grouped by what each source concluded. Primary evidence rated the plant itself
(a lab, field program, or original curation); corroboration compiled or
republished another source's rating and resolves to its root lineage.
Listed without a rating (6)Corroboration (6 rows from 1 source)
6 cited rows from this source; its identity, lineage and tier are stated once.
Primary study Simpson2016: Simpson, K. J., Ripley, B. S., Christin, P. A., Belcher, C. M., Lehmann, C. E., Thomas, G. H., & Osborne, C P. (2016). Determinants of flammability in savanna grass species. Journal of Ecology, 104, 138-148.
Shared row context: plant part leaves; fuel live; device epiradiator; site Simpson2016-1; sampling july.
“time to flaming (s): 2.52”
FLAMITS record 12784; Ignitability measurement; predrying no.
“time to flaming (s): 1.21”
FLAMITS record 12785; Ignitability measurement; predrying yes.
“mass loss rate (g/s): 0.02”
FLAMITS record 12838; Combustibility measurement; predrying no.
“mass loss rate (g/s): 0.02”
FLAMITS record 12839; Combustibility measurement; predrying yes.
“flaming duration (s): 7.68”
FLAMITS record 12886; Sustainability measurement; predrying no.
“flaming duration (s): 7.66”
FLAMITS record 12887; Sustainability measurement; predrying yes.