The range evidence gathers the introduced distribution cited for this grass, while related plants supplies comparison. Those routes do not alter the UT legal row, nine seed designations, or two ecological reports. This separation of channels prevents the regulatory and ecological material from being counted as additional fire findings for C. dactylon.
Form
grass
Region
South Africa; Spain
Rated in
Global
On this lot
1. Fire evidence and conditions
Fire evidence
Mixed evidence — location does not change the cited classification.
Fire-performance conditions
Fire ecology context
Placement evidence
Evidence regions
Global
Maintenance
2. Why this plant is relevant here
State distribution
Native range
Introduced / established
43 sourced range or established records. This is not an invasive warning.
USDA hardiness
3. Legal, ecological, and broader status
Legal-list status
1 legal-list record; the Place chip matches exact scope.
Seed-list status
9 state noxious-weed seed records; the Place chip matches exact scope.
Reported invasive here
2 ecological invasive reports.
Broader regional context
Federal context
Plant-specific state seed-list reviews (3)
These source-bound receipts answer only the July 2026 state noxious-weed seed-list question.
This answers only whether the plant identity appears in the July 2026 state noxious-weed seed sheet. It does not establish non-seed plant legal status, ecological-invasive status, nursery-sale rules, or unrestricted use.
AL · Seed-list name scope unresolved. An exact source taxon is governed by “Restricted” or an applicable source note, so the qualified row is held instead of publishing an unconditional result. Held source row: usda-ams-state-noxious-weed-seed-2026:AL:015. Governing seed section: Restricted; normalized seed-kind scope: state seed list general; applicable note rows usda-ams-state-noxious-weed-seed-2026:AL:044.Official USDA seed requirements.Normalized source record.
MD · Seed listed here. Restricted noxious-weed seed in the reviewed state seed sheet as of 2026-08-26. Additional exact-name source rows have qualified scope and remain held; they do not broaden this published listing. Held source row: usda-ams-state-noxious-weed-seed-2026:MD:034. Governing seed section: Restricted Noxious-Weed Seed in Lawn and Turf Seed and Mixtures; normalized seed-kind scope: lawn and turf seed; applicable note rows usda-ams-state-noxious-weed-seed-2026:MD:031, usda-ams-state-noxious-weed-seed-2026:MD:043, usda-ams-state-noxious-weed-seed-2026:MD:044, usda-ams-state-noxious-weed-seed-2026:MD:045, usda-ams-state-noxious-weed-seed-2026:MD:052.Official USDA seed requirements.Normalized source record.
WV · Seed listed here. Restricted noxious-weed seed in the reviewed state seed sheet as of 2026-08-26. Additional exact-name source rows have qualified scope and remain held; they do not broaden this published listing. Held source row: usda-ams-state-noxious-weed-seed-2026:WV:064. Governing seed section: Restricted Noxious-weed Seed in Lawn and Turf Seed and Mixture; normalized seed-kind scope: lawn and turf seed; applicable note rows usda-ams-state-noxious-weed-seed-2026:WV:079, usda-ams-state-noxious-weed-seed-2026:WV:080, usda-ams-state-noxious-weed-seed-2026:WV:081.Official USDA seed requirements.Normalized source record.
How to read this page
The status above is computed from the cited rows below: independent recommendations can support a fire-resistant result, an avoid row can produce keep-away, and disagreement stays visible as conflict. Placement notes preserve each source’s own scheme rather than translating unlike rules into one scale. This is evidence about a plant, not permission to plant it in every part of the defensible space; Zone 0 remains noncombustible.
Native and introduced range evidence
These are exact U.S. botanical-area records from the cited range source. Native and
introduced describe biogeographic relationship, not fire performance or planting approval.
Doubtful and extinct rows stay visible but do not count as current presence.
The lossless worldwide derivative is retained once in the research corpus; object pages repeat only exact U.S. areas needed by the local lens. The JSON twin carries the same page assertions.
The evidence
Grouped by what each source concluded. Primary evidence rated the plant itself
(a lab, field program, or original curation); corroboration compiled or
republished another source's rating and resolves to its root lineage.
Listed without a rating (11)Corroboration (11 rows from 1 source)
11 cited rows from this source; its identity, lineage and tier are stated once.
Primary study Madrigal2011a: Madrigal, J., Guijarro, M., Hernando, C., Díez, C., & Marino, E. (2011a). Effective Heat of Combustion for Flaming Combustion of Mediterranean Forest Fuels. Fire Technology, 47, 461-474.
Shared row context: plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Madrigal2011a-1; sampling ND.
Primary study Simpson2016: Simpson, K. J., Ripley, B. S., Christin, P. A., Belcher, C. M., Lehmann, C. E., Thomas, G. H., & Osborne, C P. (2016). Determinants of flammability in savanna grass species. Journal of Ecology, 104, 138-148.
Shared row context: plant part leaves; fuel live; device epiradiator; site Simpson2016-1; sampling july.
“time to flaming (s): 1.33”
FLAMITS record 12776; Ignitability measurement; predrying no.
“time to flaming (s): 0.86”
FLAMITS record 12777; Ignitability measurement; predrying yes.
“mass loss rate (g/s): 0.03”
FLAMITS record 12830; Combustibility measurement; predrying no.
“mass loss rate (g/s): 0.03”
FLAMITS record 12831; Combustibility measurement; predrying yes.
“flaming duration (s): 6.25”
FLAMITS record 12878; Sustainability measurement; predrying no.
“flaming duration (s): 6.12”
FLAMITS record 12879; Sustainability measurement; predrying yes.
