Current native
14
exact source areas
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Artemisia tridentata
Your local evidence lens
A genus split is not a placement verdict. Set a ZIP to read the local documented split.
The status above is computed from the cited rows below: independent recommendations can support a fire-resistant result, an avoid row can produce keep-away, and disagreement stays visible as conflict. Placement notes preserve each source’s own scheme rather than translating unlike rules into one scale. This is evidence about a plant, not permission to plant it in every part of the defensible space; Zone 0 remains noncombustible.
These are exact U.S. botanical-area records from the cited range source. Native and introduced describe biogeographic relationship, not fire performance or planting approval. Doubtful and extinct rows stay visible but do not count as current presence.
Current native
exact source areas
Current introduced
exact source area
Qualified
doubtful or extinct source rows
USDA PLANTS Database — Plant Characteristics
Minimum 2b · no upper limit documented
Prohibited Flammable Plants (Ashland Municipal Code 9.04)
“prohibited flammable plant”
The City of Ashland restricts new planting or propagation within 30 ft of any structure, including structures on adjacent lots (AMC 9.04).
FLAMITS: FLAMmability plant traiTS database
“temperature at flaming (°C): 361.88”
FLAMITS record 3342; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Fletcher2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Fletcher2007: Fletcher, T. H., Pickett, B. M., Smith, S. G., Spittle, G. S., Woodhouse, M. M., Haake, E., & Weise, D. R. (2007). Effects of moisture on ignition behavior of moist California chaparral and Utah leaves. Combustion Science and Technology, 179, 1183-1203.
“time to flaming (s): 97.8”
FLAMITS record 3348; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Fletcher2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Fletcher2007: Fletcher, T. H., Pickett, B. M., Smith, S. G., Spittle, G. S., Woodhouse, M. M., Haake, E., & Weise, D. R. (2007). Effects of moisture on ignition behavior of moist California chaparral and Utah leaves. Combustion Science and Technology, 179, 1183-1203.
“time to flaming (s): 1.29”
FLAMITS record 3545; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-3; sampling ND. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system. Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.
“time to flaming (s): 1.65”
FLAMITS record 3546; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-3; sampling ND. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system. Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.
“time to flaming (s): 2.66”
FLAMITS record 3547; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-3; sampling ND. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system. Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.
“time to flaming (s): 2.24”
FLAMITS record 3548; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-3; sampling ND. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system. Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.
“time to flaming (s): 2.41”
FLAMITS record 3549; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-3; sampling ND. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system. Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.
“time to flaming (s): 3.25”
FLAMITS record 3550; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-3; sampling ND. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system. Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.
“time to flaming (s): 4.68”
FLAMITS record 3551; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-3; sampling ND. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system. Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.
“time to flaming (s): 4.6”
FLAMITS record 3552; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-3; sampling ND. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system. Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.
“time to flaming (s): 5.94”
FLAMITS record 3553; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-3; sampling ND. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system. Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.
“time to flaming (s): 3.13”
FLAMITS record 3554; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-3; sampling ND. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system. Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.
“time to flaming (s): 2.45”
FLAMITS record 3555; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-3; sampling ND. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system. Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.
“flame height (cm): 7.31”
FLAMITS record 3573; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-3; sampling may. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system. Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.
“flame height (cm): 7.06”
FLAMITS record 3574; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-3; sampling may. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system. Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.
“flame height (cm): 11.04”
FLAMITS record 3575; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-3; sampling may. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system. Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.
“flame height (cm): 11.1”
FLAMITS record 3576; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-3; sampling may. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system. Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.
“flame height (cm): 10.8”
FLAMITS record 3577; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-3; sampling may. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system. Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.
“flame height (cm): 21.81”
FLAMITS record 3578; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-3; sampling may. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system. Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.
“flame height (cm): 11.41”
FLAMITS record 3579; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-3; sampling may. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system. Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.
“flame height (cm): 10”
FLAMITS record 3580; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-3; sampling may. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system. Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.
“flame height (cm): 13.43”
FLAMITS record 3581; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-3; sampling may. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system. Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.
“temperature at flaming (°C): 295.28”
FLAMITS record 3597; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-3; sampling ND. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system. Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.
“temperature at flaming (°C): 330.39”
FLAMITS record 3598; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-3; sampling ND. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system. Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.
“temperature at flaming (°C): 359.4”
FLAMITS record 3599; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-3; sampling ND. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system. Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.
“temperature at flaming (°C): 366.81”
FLAMITS record 3600; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-3; sampling ND. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system. Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.
“temperature at flaming (°C): 360.79”
FLAMITS record 3601; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-3; sampling ND. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system. Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.
“temperature at flaming (°C): 418.17”
FLAMITS record 3602; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-3; sampling ND. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system. Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.
“temperature at flaming (°C): 446.09”
FLAMITS record 3603; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-3; sampling ND. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system. Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.
“temperature at flaming (°C): 322.81”
FLAMITS record 3604; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-3; sampling ND. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system. Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.
“time to flaming (s): 0”
FLAMITS record 9064; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2017-1; sampling april. Primary study McAllister2017: McAllister, S., & Weise, D. (2017). Effects of season on ignition of live wildland fuels using the forced ignition and flame spread test apparatus. Combustion Science and Technology, 189, 231-247.
“time to flaming (s): 0”
FLAMITS record 9065; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2017-1; sampling may. Primary study McAllister2017: McAllister, S., & Weise, D. (2017). Effects of season on ignition of live wildland fuels using the forced ignition and flame spread test apparatus. Combustion Science and Technology, 189, 231-247.
“time to flaming (s): 21.77”
FLAMITS record 9066; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2017-1; sampling june. Primary study McAllister2017: McAllister, S., & Weise, D. (2017). Effects of season on ignition of live wildland fuels using the forced ignition and flame spread test apparatus. Combustion Science and Technology, 189, 231-247.
“time to flaming (s): 15.25”
FLAMITS record 9067; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2017-1; sampling july. Primary study McAllister2017: McAllister, S., & Weise, D. (2017). Effects of season on ignition of live wildland fuels using the forced ignition and flame spread test apparatus. Combustion Science and Technology, 189, 231-247.
“time to flaming (s): 12.47”
FLAMITS record 9068; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2017-1; sampling august. Primary study McAllister2017: McAllister, S., & Weise, D. (2017). Effects of season on ignition of live wildland fuels using the forced ignition and flame spread test apparatus. Combustion Science and Technology, 189, 231-247.
“time to flaming (s): 17.29”
FLAMITS record 9069; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2017-1; sampling september. Primary study McAllister2017: McAllister, S., & Weise, D. (2017). Effects of season on ignition of live wildland fuels using the forced ignition and flame spread test apparatus. Combustion Science and Technology, 189, 231-247.
“time to flaming (s): 16.99”
FLAMITS record 9070; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2017-1; sampling october. Primary study McAllister2017: McAllister, S., & Weise, D. (2017). Effects of season on ignition of live wildland fuels using the forced ignition and flame spread test apparatus. Combustion Science and Technology, 189, 231-247.
“time to flaming (s): 22.08”
FLAMITS record 9071; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2017-1; sampling november. Primary study McAllister2017: McAllister, S., & Weise, D. (2017). Effects of season on ignition of live wildland fuels using the forced ignition and flame spread test apparatus. Combustion Science and Technology, 189, 231-247.
“time to flaming (s): 21.71”
FLAMITS record 9072; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2017-1; sampling december. Primary study McAllister2017: McAllister, S., & Weise, D. (2017). Effects of season on ignition of live wildland fuels using the forced ignition and flame spread test apparatus. Combustion Science and Technology, 189, 231-247.
“time to flaming (s): 23.77”
FLAMITS record 9073; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2017-1; sampling january. Primary study McAllister2017: McAllister, S., & Weise, D. (2017). Effects of season on ignition of live wildland fuels using the forced ignition and flame spread test apparatus. Combustion Science and Technology, 189, 231-247.
“time to flaming (s): 26.14”
FLAMITS record 9074; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2017-1; sampling february. Primary study McAllister2017: McAllister, S., & Weise, D. (2017). Effects of season on ignition of live wildland fuels using the forced ignition and flame spread test apparatus. Combustion Science and Technology, 189, 231-247.
“time to flaming (s): 23.15”
FLAMITS record 9075; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2017-1; sampling march. Primary study McAllister2017: McAllister, S., & Weise, D. (2017). Effects of season on ignition of live wildland fuels using the forced ignition and flame spread test apparatus. Combustion Science and Technology, 189, 231-247.
“calorific value (kcal/kg): 4614.5”
FLAMITS record 10730; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Qi2016-1; sampling july to october. Primary study Qi2016: Qi, Y., Jolly, W .M., Dennison, P. E., & Kropp, R. C. (2016). Seasonal relationships between foliar moisture content, heat content and biochemistry of lodgepole line and big sagebrush foliage. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 25, 574-578.
“calorific value (kcal/kg): 4635.99”
FLAMITS record 10731; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Qi2016-1; sampling july to october. Primary study Qi2016: Qi, Y., Jolly, W .M., Dennison, P. E., & Kropp, R. C. (2016). Seasonal relationships between foliar moisture content, heat content and biochemistry of lodgepole line and big sagebrush foliage. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 25, 574-578.
“calorific value (kcal/kg): 4882.01”
FLAMITS record 10732; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Qi2016-1; sampling july to october. Primary study Qi2016: Qi, Y., Jolly, W .M., Dennison, P. E., & Kropp, R. C. (2016). Seasonal relationships between foliar moisture content, heat content and biochemistry of lodgepole line and big sagebrush foliage. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 25, 574-578.
“calorific value (kcal/kg): 4948.88”
FLAMITS record 10733; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Qi2016-1; sampling july to october. Primary study Qi2016: Qi, Y., Jolly, W .M., Dennison, P. E., & Kropp, R. C. (2016). Seasonal relationships between foliar moisture content, heat content and biochemistry of lodgepole line and big sagebrush foliage. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 25, 574-578.
“calorific value (kcal/kg): 4867.67”
FLAMITS record 10734; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Qi2016-1; sampling july to october. Primary study Qi2016: Qi, Y., Jolly, W .M., Dennison, P. E., & Kropp, R. C. (2016). Seasonal relationships between foliar moisture content, heat content and biochemistry of lodgepole line and big sagebrush foliage. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 25, 574-578.
“time to flaming (s): 8.2”
FLAMITS record 16492; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Fazeli2022-2; sampling september to february. Primary study Fazeli2022: Fazeli, H., Jolly, W. M., & Blunck, D. L. (2022). Stages and time-scales of ignition and burning of live fuels for different convective heat fluxes. Fuel, 324, 124490.
“time to flaming (s): 10.9”
FLAMITS record 16493; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Fazeli2022-2; sampling september to february. Primary study Fazeli2022: Fazeli, H., Jolly, W. M., & Blunck, D. L. (2022). Stages and time-scales of ignition and burning of live fuels for different convective heat fluxes. Fuel, 324, 124490.
“time to flaming (s): 0.7”
FLAMITS record 16494; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Fazeli2022-2; sampling september to february. Primary study Fazeli2022: Fazeli, H., Jolly, W. M., & Blunck, D. L. (2022). Stages and time-scales of ignition and burning of live fuels for different convective heat fluxes. Fuel, 324, 124490.
“time to flaming (s): 1.6”
FLAMITS record 16495; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Fazeli2022-2; sampling september to february. Primary study Fazeli2022: Fazeli, H., Jolly, W. M., & Blunck, D. L. (2022). Stages and time-scales of ignition and burning of live fuels for different convective heat fluxes. Fuel, 324, 124490.
“temperature at flaming (°C): 355”
FLAMITS record 16705; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Smith2005-1; sampling ND. Primary study Smith2005: Smith, S. G. (2005). Effects of Moisture on Combustion Characteristics of Live California Chaparral and Utah Foliage. Master dissertations. Brigham Young University - Provo.
“time to flaming (s): 2.11”
FLAMITS record 16706; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Smith2005-1; sampling ND. Primary study Smith2005: Smith, S. G. (2005). Effects of Moisture on Combustion Characteristics of Live California Chaparral and Utah Foliage. Master dissertations. Brigham Young University - Provo.
“time to flaming (s): 20.2”
FLAMITS record 17483; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device burning bench; site McAllister2014-4; sampling ND. Primary study McAllister2014: McAllister S., & Finney, M. (2014). Convection Ignition of Live Forest Fuels. Fire Safety Science - Proceedings of the eleventh International Symposium 11th conference. Christchurch, New Zealand.
“mass loss rate (g/s): 0.0077”
FLAMITS record 18246; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Pickett2010-2; sampling ND. Primary study Pickett2010: Pickett, B. M., Isackson, C., Wunder, R., Fletcher, T. H., Butler, B. W., & Weise, D. R. (2010). Experimental measurements during combustion of moist individual foliage samples. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 19, 153-162 .
“mass loss rate (g/s): 0.0048”
FLAMITS record 18247; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Pickett2010-2; sampling ND. Primary study Pickett2010: Pickett, B. M., Isackson, C., Wunder, R., Fletcher, T. H., Butler, B. W., & Weise, D. R. (2010). Experimental measurements during combustion of moist individual foliage samples. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 19, 153-162 .