No sourced horticultural maintenance assertion is normalized; fire-test conditions do not supply maintenance advice.
2. Why this plant is relevant here
State distribution
Documented in CT, IL, MI, NH, NJ, NY, OH, OR, PA, WA, WI.
Native range
No current cited or legacy state native range is normalized.
Introduced / established
16 sourced range or established records; set a location to match them. This is not an invasive warning.
USDA hardiness
No hardiness value is normalized.
3. Legal, ecological, and broader status
Legal-list status
3 legal-list records; set a location to match exact scope.
Seed-list status
Set a location to compare the separate state noxious-weed seed layer.
Reported invasive here
1 ecological invasive report; set a location to distinguish exact from regional context.
Broader regional context
Aggregate AK, HI, and L48 evidence is shown only as regional context, never as an exact-state finding.
Federal context
Federal designations remain separate from state legal-list results.
Plant-specific legal-list reviews (1)
These source-bound review receipts are separate from ecological invasive reports. A source or plant identity change invalidates a receipt.
MA · Regulated here. Designated regulated in the reviewed Massachusetts Prohibited Plant List as of 2026-08-26. Authority: Massachusetts Department of Agricultural Resources; scope: state; as of 2026-08-26.Official reference.Normalized source record.
How to read this page
The status above is computed from the cited rows below: independent recommendations can support a fire-resistant result, an avoid row can produce keep-away, and disagreement stays visible as conflict. Placement notes preserve each source’s own scheme rather than translating unlike rules into one scale. This is evidence about a plant, not permission to plant it in every part of the defensible space; Zone 0 remains noncombustible.
Form
tree
Grows in
CT, IL, MI, NH, NJ, NY, OH, OR +3
Rated in
Global
Family
Araliaceae
Evidence
2 cited sources
Native and introduced range evidence
These are exact U.S. botanical-area records from the cited range source. Native and
introduced describe biogeographic relationship, not fire performance or planting approval.
Doubtful and extinct rows stay visible but do not count as current presence.
The lossless worldwide derivative is retained once in the research corpus; object pages repeat only exact U.S. areas needed by the local lens. The JSON twin carries the same page assertions.
The evidence
Grouped by what each source concluded. Primary evidence rated the plant itself
(a lab, field program, or original curation); corroboration compiled or
republished another source's rating and resolves to its root lineage.
2 cited rows from this source; its identity, lineage and tier are stated once.
“temperature at flaming (°C): 267”
· score 267 (FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C))
FLAMITS record 12614; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device ignition temperature tester; site Shan2008-1; sampling ND. Primary study Shan2008: Shan, Y., Liu, N., & Shu, L. (2008). Flammability ranking of foliage species by factor analysis of physical and chemical pyric properties. Fire and Materials: An International Journal, 32, 371-382.
“calorific value (kcal/kg): 4482.55”
· score 4482.55 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
FLAMITS record 12615; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Shan2008-1; sampling ND. Primary study Shan2008: Shan, Y., Liu, N., & Shu, L. (2008). Flammability ranking of foliage species by factor analysis of physical and chemical pyric properties. Fire and Materials: An International Journal, 32, 371-382.
