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Coast redwood

Sequoia sempervirens · Cupressaceae

Your local evidence lens

Separate evidence questions, never one approval badge

Set a ZIP to compare this record with state distribution, native range, USDA hardiness, and invasive records.

A genus split is not a placement verdict. Set a ZIP to read the local documented split.

1. Fire evidence and conditions

Fire evidence: Highly flammable — location does not change the cited classification.
Fire-performance conditions: No test or rating condition is normalized.
Fire ecology context: No section-reviewed fire-ecology context is normalized.
Placement evidence: 1 source placement record; source schemes remain separate.
Evidence regions: Global; eastern US
Maintenance: No sourced horticultural maintenance assertion is normalized; fire-test conditions do not supply maintenance advice.

2. Why this plant is relevant here

State distribution: Documented in CA, DC, DE, MD, NJ, OH, OR, PA, WV.
Native range: Current cited native range in CA, OR.
Introduced / established: No introduced or established row is normalized; that does not prove native status.
USDA hardiness: Documented minimum 7b; no upper limit is documented.

3. Legal, ecological, and broader status

Legal-list status: Set a location for an exact legal-list result; source silence is not clearance.
Seed-list status: Set a location to compare the separate state noxious-weed seed layer.
Reported invasive here: No ecological invasive report is normalized; that does not prove noninvasiveness.
Broader regional context: Aggregate AK, HI, and L48 evidence is shown only as regional context, never as an exact-state finding.
Federal context: Federal designations remain separate from state legal-list results.

How to read this page

The status above is computed from the cited rows below: independent recommendations can support a fire-resistant result, an avoid row can produce keep-away, and disagreement stays visible as conflict. Placement notes preserve each source’s own scheme rather than translating unlike rules into one scale. This is evidence about a plant, not permission to plant it in every part of the defensible space; Zone 0 remains noncombustible.

Coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) — Photo: no rights reserved (CC0), via iNaturalist. Species-typical, not necessarily this cultivar.

Form: tree
USDA hardiness: Minimum 7b; upper limit not documented
Mature height: ~300 ft
Light: Full sun
Water need: moderate
Current cited native range: CA, OR
Grows in: CA, DC, DE, MD, NJ, OH, OR, PA +1
Rated in: Global; eastern US
Family: Cupressaceae
Evidence: 51 cited sources

Native and introduced range evidence

These are exact U.S. botanical-area records from the cited range source. Native and introduced describe biogeographic relationship, not fire performance or planting approval. Doubtful and extinct rows stay visible but do not count as current presence.

Current native

2

exact source areas

Current introduced

0

exact source areas

Qualified

0

doubtful or extinct source rows

2 native source areas · World Checklist of Vascular Plants, version 16 v16, as of 2026-06-04

California (CA)
Oregon (OR)

The lossless worldwide derivative is retained once in the research corpus; object pages repeat only exact U.S. areas needed by the local lens. The JSON twin carries the same page assertions.

Plant hardiness evidence

These values describe the plant source. Your ZIP zone comes from the separate 2023 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map. Whole-zone values stay whole-zone, and a single unresolved value is not treated as a tolerance range. Different source boundaries stay separate: overlapping statements are compared independently, while only ranges with no shared zone are called a conflict.

Eastern United States Fire Performance Plant Selector · record sequoia-sempervirens · 2016-wayback · as of 2026-08-26

Source prints 7 · single-value meaning unresolved · whole zone precision · source stated

Source taxon: Sequoia sempervirens · exact match.

Source location: Cold Hardiness Zone field in the recovered selector record.

Not used for comparison: The recovered selector prints one Cold Hardiness Zone value but does not define it as a minimum threshold or a one-zone range.
USDA PLANTS Database — Plant Characteristics · record SESE3 · PLANTS Help Document 2022; characteristics cache retrieved 2026-08-23 · as of 2026-08-26

Minimum 7b · no upper limit documented · half zone precision · derived containing band

Exact source measurement: 7°F; mapped only to its containing half-zone.

Source taxon: Sequoia sempervirens · source identifier match.

Source location: PlantCharacteristics record 15281, Temperature, Minimum (°F).

Where its sources say to plant it

Placement rules below use each source's own distances or named zones, tied to its rating. They are not interchangeable with the directory's current Zone 0 guidance.

Eastern United States Fire Performance Plant Selector: Landscape Zone 3 — 10–30 ft from the structure; thin vegetation, remove debris, and minimize plant massing [Fire Performance Plant Selector landscape zone] (with its avoid rating)

The evidence

Grouped by what each source concluded. Primary evidence rated the plant itself (a lab, field program, or original curation); corroboration compiled or republished another source's rating and resolves to its root lineage.

Avoids (1)

Eastern United States Fire Performance Plant Selector — USDA Forest Service Northeastern Area S&PF + state Firewise programs (WV, OH, PA, DE, DC, MD, NJ) · 2016-wayback · original source Primary evidence Keyed curation lineage: ufifas-srs-tree

“NOT Firewise (4)”

Novelty planting in the east.

Listed without a rating (50)

FLAMITS: FLAMmability plant traiTS database — Dryad / Global Ecology and Biogeography · Dryad version 9 · original source Corroboration Trait database lineage: meta-aggregator

50 cited rows from this source; its identity, lineage and tier are stated once.
- “time to flaming (s): 8.96” · score 8.96 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 608; Ignitability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Belcher2016-1; sampling ND. Primary study Belcher2016: Belcher, C. M. (2016). The influence of leaf morphology on litter flammability and its utility for interpreting palaeofire. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 371, 20150163.
- “burning duration (s): 34.48” · score 34.48 (FLAMITS — burning duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 623; Sustainability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Belcher2016-1; sampling ND. Primary study Belcher2016: Belcher, C. M. (2016). The influence of leaf morphology on litter flammability and its utility for interpreting palaeofire. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 371, 20150163.
- “maximum energy release rate (kW): 3.53” · score 3.53 (FLAMITS — maximum energy release rate (kW))
  
  FLAMITS record 638; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Belcher2016-1; sampling ND. Primary study Belcher2016: Belcher, C. M. (2016). The influence of leaf morphology on litter flammability and its utility for interpreting palaeofire. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 371, 20150163.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 2752.15” · score 2752.15 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 653; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Belcher2016-1; sampling ND. Primary study Belcher2016: Belcher, C. M. (2016). The influence of leaf morphology on litter flammability and its utility for interpreting palaeofire. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 371, 20150163.
- “time to flaming (s): 720” · score 720 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 13147; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Tran1992-1; sampling ND. Primary study Tran1992: Tran, H. C., & White, R. H. (1992). Burning rate of solid wood measured in a heat release rate calorimeter. Fire and materials, 16, 197-206.
- “time to flaming (s): 762” · score 762 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 13148; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Tran1992-1; sampling ND. Primary study Tran1992: Tran, H. C., & White, R. H. (1992). Burning rate of solid wood measured in a heat release rate calorimeter. Fire and materials, 16, 197-206.
- “time to flaming (s): 50” · score 50 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 13149; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Tran1992-1; sampling ND. Primary study Tran1992: Tran, H. C., & White, R. H. (1992). Burning rate of solid wood measured in a heat release rate calorimeter. Fire and materials, 16, 197-206.
- “time to flaming (s): 45” · score 45 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 13150; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Tran1992-1; sampling ND. Primary study Tran1992: Tran, H. C., & White, R. H. (1992). Burning rate of solid wood measured in a heat release rate calorimeter. Fire and materials, 16, 197-206.
- “time to flaming (s): 16” · score 16 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 13151; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Tran1992-1; sampling ND. Primary study Tran1992: Tran, H. C., & White, R. H. (1992). Burning rate of solid wood measured in a heat release rate calorimeter. Fire and materials, 16, 197-206.
- “time to flaming (s): 16” · score 16 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 13152; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Tran1992-1; sampling ND. Primary study Tran1992: Tran, H. C., & White, R. H. (1992). Burning rate of solid wood measured in a heat release rate calorimeter. Fire and materials, 16, 197-206.
- “time to flaming (s): 3” · score 3 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 13153; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Tran1992-1; sampling ND. Primary study Tran1992: Tran, H. C., & White, R. H. (1992). Burning rate of solid wood measured in a heat release rate calorimeter. Fire and materials, 16, 197-206.
- “time to flaming (s): 3” · score 3 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 13154; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Tran1992-1; sampling ND. Primary study Tran1992: Tran, H. C., & White, R. H. (1992). Burning rate of solid wood measured in a heat release rate calorimeter. Fire and materials, 16, 197-206.
- “energy flux (kW/m²): 39” · score 39 (FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 13179; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Tran1992-1; sampling ND. Primary study Tran1992: Tran, H. C., & White, R. H. (1992). Burning rate of solid wood measured in a heat release rate calorimeter. Fire and materials, 16, 197-206.
- “energy flux (kW/m²): 39.2” · score 39.2 (FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 13180; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Tran1992-1; sampling ND. Primary study Tran1992: Tran, H. C., & White, R. H. (1992). Burning rate of solid wood measured in a heat release rate calorimeter. Fire and materials, 16, 197-206.
- “energy flux (kW/m²): 47.4” · score 47.4 (FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 13181; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Tran1992-1; sampling ND. Primary study Tran1992: Tran, H. C., & White, R. H. (1992). Burning rate of solid wood measured in a heat release rate calorimeter. Fire and materials, 16, 197-206.
- “energy flux (kW/m²): 55.3” · score 55.3 (FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 13182; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Tran1992-1; sampling ND. Primary study Tran1992: Tran, H. C., & White, R. H. (1992). Burning rate of solid wood measured in a heat release rate calorimeter. Fire and materials, 16, 197-206.
- “energy flux (kW/m²): 61.2” · score 61.2 (FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 13183; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Tran1992-1; sampling ND. Primary study Tran1992: Tran, H. C., & White, R. H. (1992). Burning rate of solid wood measured in a heat release rate calorimeter. Fire and materials, 16, 197-206.
- “energy flux (kW/m²): 57.9” · score 57.9 (FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 13184; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Tran1992-1; sampling ND. Primary study Tran1992: Tran, H. C., & White, R. H. (1992). Burning rate of solid wood measured in a heat release rate calorimeter. Fire and materials, 16, 197-206.
- “energy flux (kW/m²): 80.9” · score 80.9 (FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 13185; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Tran1992-1; sampling ND. Primary study Tran1992: Tran, H. C., & White, R. H. (1992). Burning rate of solid wood measured in a heat release rate calorimeter. Fire and materials, 16, 197-206.
- “energy flux (kW/m²): 90.9” · score 90.9 (FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²))
  
  FLAMITS record 13186; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Tran1992-1; sampling ND. Primary study Tran1992: Tran, H. C., & White, R. H. (1992). Burning rate of solid wood measured in a heat release rate calorimeter. Fire and materials, 16, 197-206.
- “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 2.92” · score 2.92 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s))
  
  FLAMITS record 13210; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Tran1992-1; sampling ND. Primary study Tran1992: Tran, H. C., & White, R. H. (1992). Burning rate of solid wood measured in a heat release rate calorimeter. Fire and materials, 16, 197-206.
- “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 2.92” · score 2.92 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s))
  
  FLAMITS record 13211; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Tran1992-1; sampling ND. Primary study Tran1992: Tran, H. C., & White, R. H. (1992). Burning rate of solid wood measured in a heat release rate calorimeter. Fire and materials, 16, 197-206.
- “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 3.92” · score 3.92 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s))
  
  FLAMITS record 13212; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Tran1992-1; sampling ND. Primary study Tran1992: Tran, H. C., & White, R. H. (1992). Burning rate of solid wood measured in a heat release rate calorimeter. Fire and materials, 16, 197-206.
- “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 4.14” · score 4.14 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s))
  
  FLAMITS record 13213; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Tran1992-1; sampling ND. Primary study Tran1992: Tran, H. C., & White, R. H. (1992). Burning rate of solid wood measured in a heat release rate calorimeter. Fire and materials, 16, 197-206.
- “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 4.75” · score 4.75 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s))
  
  FLAMITS record 13214; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Tran1992-1; sampling ND. Primary study Tran1992: Tran, H. C., & White, R. H. (1992). Burning rate of solid wood measured in a heat release rate calorimeter. Fire and materials, 16, 197-206.
- “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 4.76” · score 4.76 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s))
  
  FLAMITS record 13215; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Tran1992-1; sampling ND. Primary study Tran1992: Tran, H. C., & White, R. H. (1992). Burning rate of solid wood measured in a heat release rate calorimeter. Fire and materials, 16, 197-206.
- “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 5.83” · score 5.83 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s))
  
  FLAMITS record 13216; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Tran1992-1; sampling ND. Primary study Tran1992: Tran, H. C., & White, R. H. (1992). Burning rate of solid wood measured in a heat release rate calorimeter. Fire and materials, 16, 197-206.
- “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 6.25” · score 6.25 (FLAMITS — mass loss rate per area (g/m² s))
  
  FLAMITS record 13217; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Tran1992-1; sampling ND. Primary study Tran1992: Tran, H. C., & White, R. H. (1992). Burning rate of solid wood measured in a heat release rate calorimeter. Fire and materials, 16, 197-206.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 2610.58” · score 2610.58 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 13242; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Tran1992-1; sampling ND. Primary study Tran1992: Tran, H. C., & White, R. H. (1992). Burning rate of solid wood measured in a heat release rate calorimeter. Fire and materials, 16, 197-206.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 2505.49” · score 2505.49 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 13243; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Tran1992-1; sampling ND. Primary study Tran1992: Tran, H. C., & White, R. H. (1992). Burning rate of solid wood measured in a heat release rate calorimeter. Fire and materials, 16, 197-206.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 2839.87” · score 2839.87 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 13244; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Tran1992-1; sampling ND. Primary study Tran1992: Tran, H. C., & White, R. H. (1992). Burning rate of solid wood measured in a heat release rate calorimeter. Fire and materials, 16, 197-206.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 3150.3” · score 3150.3 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 13245; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Tran1992-1; sampling ND. Primary study Tran1992: Tran, H. C., & White, R. H. (1992). Burning rate of solid wood measured in a heat release rate calorimeter. Fire and materials, 16, 197-206.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 3062” · score 3062 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 13246; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Tran1992-1; sampling ND. Primary study Tran1992: Tran, H. C., & White, R. H. (1992). Burning rate of solid wood measured in a heat release rate calorimeter. Fire and materials, 16, 197-206.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 2546.09” · score 2546.09 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 13247; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Tran1992-1; sampling ND. Primary study Tran1992: Tran, H. C., & White, R. H. (1992). Burning rate of solid wood measured in a heat release rate calorimeter. Fire and materials, 16, 197-206.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 3310.4” · score 3310.4 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 13248; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Tran1992-1; sampling ND. Primary study Tran1992: Tran, H. C., & White, R. H. (1992). Burning rate of solid wood measured in a heat release rate calorimeter. Fire and materials, 16, 197-206.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 3475.2” · score 3475.2 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 13249; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Tran1992-1; sampling ND. Primary study Tran1992: Tran, H. C., & White, R. H. (1992). Burning rate of solid wood measured in a heat release rate calorimeter. Fire and materials, 16, 197-206.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 3157.54” · score 3157.54 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 13273; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Tran1992-1; sampling ND. Primary study Tran1992: Tran, H. C., & White, R. H. (1992). Burning rate of solid wood measured in a heat release rate calorimeter. Fire and materials, 16, 197-206.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 3076.33” · score 3076.33 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 13274; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Tran1992-1; sampling ND. Primary study Tran1992: Tran, H. C., & White, R. H. (1992). Burning rate of solid wood measured in a heat release rate calorimeter. Fire and materials, 16, 197-206.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 3475.2” · score 3475.2 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 13275; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Tran1992-1; sampling ND. Primary study Tran1992: Tran, H. C., & White, R. H. (1992). Burning rate of solid wood measured in a heat release rate calorimeter. Fire and materials, 16, 197-206.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 3737.93” · score 3737.93 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 13276; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Tran1992-1; sampling ND. Primary study Tran1992: Tran, H. C., & White, R. H. (1992). Burning rate of solid wood measured in a heat release rate calorimeter. Fire and materials, 16, 197-206.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 3623.29” · score 3623.29 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 13277; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Tran1992-1; sampling ND. Primary study Tran1992: Tran, H. C., & White, R. H. (1992). Burning rate of solid wood measured in a heat release rate calorimeter. Fire and materials, 16, 197-206.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 3023.78” · score 3023.78 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 13278; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Tran1992-1; sampling ND. Primary study Tran1992: Tran, H. C., & White, R. H. (1992). Burning rate of solid wood measured in a heat release rate calorimeter. Fire and materials, 16, 197-206.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 3862.13” · score 3862.13 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 13279; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Tran1992-1; sampling ND. Primary study Tran1992: Tran, H. C., & White, R. H. (1992). Burning rate of solid wood measured in a heat release rate calorimeter. Fire and materials, 16, 197-206.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4077.09” · score 4077.09 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 13280; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Tran1992-1; sampling ND. Primary study Tran1992: Tran, H. C., & White, R. H. (1992). Burning rate of solid wood measured in a heat release rate calorimeter. Fire and materials, 16, 197-206.
- “flaming duration (s): 59” · score 59 (FLAMITS — flaming duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 13565; Sustainability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Varner2017-1; sampling ND. Primary study Varner2017: Varner, J. M., Kuljian, H. G., & Kreye, J. K. (2017). Fires without tanoak: the effects of a non-native disease on future community flammability. Biological Invasions, 19, 2307-2317.
- “flame height (cm): 71.4” · score 71.4 (FLAMITS — flame height (cm))
  
  FLAMITS record 13570; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Varner2017-1; sampling ND. Primary study Varner2017: Varner, J. M., Kuljian, H. G., & Kreye, J. K. (2017). Fires without tanoak: the effects of a non-native disease on future community flammability. Biological Invasions, 19, 2307-2317.
- “smouldering duration (s): 315.4” · score 315.4 (FLAMITS — smouldering duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 13575; Sustainability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Varner2017-1; sampling ND. Primary study Varner2017: Varner, J. M., Kuljian, H. G., & Kreye, J. K. (2017). Fires without tanoak: the effects of a non-native disease on future community flammability. Biological Invasions, 19, 2307-2317.
- “burnt biomass (%): 89.7” · score 89.7 (FLAMITS — burnt biomass (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 13580; Consumability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Varner2017-1; sampling ND. Primary study Varner2017: Varner, J. M., Kuljian, H. G., & Kreye, J. K. (2017). Fires without tanoak: the effects of a non-native disease on future community flammability. Biological Invasions, 19, 2307-2317.
- “time to flaming (s): 6” · score 6 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 15854; Ignitability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Belcher2017-1; sampling . Primary study Belcher2017: Belcher, C. M., & Hudspith, V. A. (2017). Changes to Cretaceous surface fire behaviour influenced the spread of the early angiosperms. New Phytologist, 213, 1521-1532.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 16.64” · score 16.64 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 15856; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Belcher2017-1; sampling . Primary study Belcher2017: Belcher, C. M., & Hudspith, V. A. (2017). Changes to Cretaceous surface fire behaviour influenced the spread of the early angiosperms. New Phytologist, 213, 1521-1532.

Fire-resistant trees instead

American sweetgum
Liquidambar styraciflua

Lombardy poplar
Populus nigra 'Italica'

Boxelder
Acer negundo

Thornless honeylocust
Gleditsia triacanthos

Smooth sumac
Rhus glabra

Sugar hackberry
Celtis laevigata

Fire-resistant trees listed above

Last verified 2026-08-23. JSON (CC BY 4.0)

Profiles: USDA PLANTS · GBIF · iNaturalist · Wikidata · ITIS

Sequoia sempervirens (Coast redwood). FireApproved. https://fireapproved.com/plants/sequoia-sempervirens/. Last verified 2026-08-23.