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Pteridium aquilinum

Pteridium aquilinum · Dennstaedtiaceae · all Pteridium records

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1. Fire evidence and conditions

Fire evidence: Mixed evidence — location does not change the cited classification.
Fire-performance conditions: No test or rating condition is normalized.
Fire ecology context: No section-reviewed fire-ecology context is normalized.
Placement evidence: 0 source placement records; source schemes remain separate.
Evidence regions: Global
Maintenance: No sourced horticultural maintenance assertion is normalized; fire-test conditions do not supply maintenance advice.

2. Why this plant is relevant here

State distribution: No state distribution is normalized.
Native range: No current cited or legacy state native range is normalized.
Introduced / established: No introduced or established row is normalized; that does not prove native status.
USDA hardiness: No hardiness value is normalized.

3. Legal, ecological, and broader status

Legal-list status: Set a location for an exact legal-list result; source silence is not clearance.
Seed-list status: Set a location to compare the separate state noxious-weed seed layer.
Reported invasive here: No ecological invasive report is normalized; that does not prove noninvasiveness.
Broader regional context: Aggregate AK, HI, and L48 evidence is shown only as regional context, never as an exact-state finding.
Federal context: Federal designations remain separate from state legal-list results.

How to read this page

The status above is computed from the cited rows below: independent recommendations can support a fire-resistant result, an avoid row can produce keep-away, and disagreement stays visible as conflict. Placement notes preserve each source’s own scheme rather than translating unlike rules into one scale. This is evidence about a plant, not permission to plant it in every part of the defensible space; Zone 0 remains noncombustible.

Form: perennial
Region: Spain
Rated in: Global
Family: Dennstaedtiaceae
Evidence: 27 cited sources

The evidence

Grouped by what each source concluded. Primary evidence rated the plant itself (a lab, field program, or original curation); corroboration compiled or republished another source's rating and resolves to its root lineage.

Listed without a rating (27)

FLAMITS: FLAMmability plant traiTS database — Dryad / Global Ecology and Biogeography · Dryad version 9 · original source Corroboration Trait database lineage: meta-aggregator

27 cited rows from this source; its identity, lineage and tier are stated once.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4209.82” · score 4209.82 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 351; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Anon1995-1; sampling spring. Primary study Anon1995: Añón, J.R., López, F.F., Castiñeiras, J.P., Ledo, J.P. & Regueira, L.N. (1995). Calorific values and flammability for forest wastes during the seasons of the year. Bioresource technology, 52, 269-274.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4533.32” · score 4533.32 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 352; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Anon1995-1; sampling summer. Primary study Anon1995: Añón, J.R., López, F.F., Castiñeiras, J.P., Ledo, J.P. & Regueira, L.N. (1995). Calorific values and flammability for forest wastes during the seasons of the year. Bioresource technology, 52, 269-274.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4402.49” · score 4402.49 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 353; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Anon1995-1; sampling autumn. Primary study Anon1995: Añón, J.R., López, F.F., Castiñeiras, J.P., Ledo, J.P. & Regueira, L.N. (1995). Calorific values and flammability for forest wastes during the seasons of the year. Bioresource technology, 52, 269-274.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4451.44” · score 4451.44 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 354; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Anon1995-1; sampling winter. Primary study Anon1995: Añón, J.R., López, F.F., Castiñeiras, J.P., Ledo, J.P. & Regueira, L.N. (1995). Calorific values and flammability for forest wastes during the seasons of the year. Bioresource technology, 52, 269-274.
- “flammability value: 1” · score 1 (FLAMITS — flammability value)
  
  FLAMITS record 367; Ignitability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Anon1995-1; sampling spring. Primary study Anon1995: Añón, J.R., López, F.F., Castiñeiras, J.P., Ledo, J.P. & Regueira, L.N. (1995). Calorific values and flammability for forest wastes during the seasons of the year. Bioresource technology, 52, 269-274.
- “flammability value: 5” · score 5 (FLAMITS — flammability value)
  
  FLAMITS record 368; Ignitability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Anon1995-1; sampling summer. Primary study Anon1995: Añón, J.R., López, F.F., Castiñeiras, J.P., Ledo, J.P. & Regueira, L.N. (1995). Calorific values and flammability for forest wastes during the seasons of the year. Bioresource technology, 52, 269-274.
- “flammability value: 5” · score 5 (FLAMITS — flammability value)
  
  FLAMITS record 369; Ignitability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Anon1995-1; sampling autumn. Primary study Anon1995: Añón, J.R., López, F.F., Castiñeiras, J.P., Ledo, J.P. & Regueira, L.N. (1995). Calorific values and flammability for forest wastes during the seasons of the year. Bioresource technology, 52, 269-274.
- “flammability value: 3” · score 3 (FLAMITS — flammability value)
  
  FLAMITS record 370; Ignitability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Anon1995-1; sampling winter. Primary study Anon1995: Añón, J.R., López, F.F., Castiñeiras, J.P., Ledo, J.P. & Regueira, L.N. (1995). Calorific values and flammability for forest wastes during the seasons of the year. Bioresource technology, 52, 269-274.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4497.47” · score 4497.47 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 3906; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Gillon1997-1; sampling june to september. Primary study Gillon1997: Gillon, D., Hernando, C., Valette, J.-C., & Joffre, R. (1997). Fast estimation of the calorific values of forest fuels by near infrared-reflectance spectroscopy. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 27, 760-765.
- “time to flaming (s): 60” · score 60 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 7757; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-6; sampling july. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “time to flaming (s): 25” · score 25 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 7758; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-6; sampling september. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “time to flaming (s): 60” · score 60 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 7759; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-6; sampling november. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “time to flaming (s): 4” · score 4 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 7760; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-6; sampling december. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4461” · score 4461 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 7911; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-6; sampling ND. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “flammability value: 1” · score 1 (FLAMITS — flammability value)
  
  FLAMITS record 7960; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Martin1989-6; sampling ND. Primary study Martin1989: Martín, E., & Miguel, L. (1989). Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4207” · score 4207 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 9790; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Nunez1996-1; sampling spring. Primary study Nunez1996: Nunez-Regueira, L., Anon, J. A. R., & Castineiras, J. P. (1996). Calorific values and flammability of forest species in Galicia. Coastal and hillside zones. Bioresource Technology, 57, 283-289.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 830.51” · score 830.51 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 9791; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Nunez1996-1; sampling summer. Primary study Nunez1996: Nunez-Regueira, L., Anon, J. A. R., & Castineiras, J. P. (1996). Calorific values and flammability of forest species in Galicia. Coastal and hillside zones. Bioresource Technology, 57, 283-289.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4530.29” · score 4530.29 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 9792; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Nunez1996-1; sampling autumn. Primary study Nunez1996: Nunez-Regueira, L., Anon, J. A. R., & Castineiras, J. P. (1996). Calorific values and flammability of forest species in Galicia. Coastal and hillside zones. Bioresource Technology, 57, 283-289.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 785.82” · score 785.82 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 9793; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Nunez1996-1; sampling winter. Primary study Nunez1996: Nunez-Regueira, L., Anon, J. A. R., & Castineiras, J. P. (1996). Calorific values and flammability of forest species in Galicia. Coastal and hillside zones. Bioresource Technology, 57, 283-289.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4399.55” · score 4399.55 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 9794; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Nunez1996-1; sampling spring. Primary study Nunez1996: Nunez-Regueira, L., Anon, J. A. R., & Castineiras, J. P. (1996). Calorific values and flammability of forest species in Galicia. Coastal and hillside zones. Bioresource Technology, 57, 283-289.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 1869.53” · score 1869.53 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 9795; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Nunez1996-1; sampling summer. Primary study Nunez1996: Nunez-Regueira, L., Anon, J. A. R., & Castineiras, J. P. (1996). Calorific values and flammability of forest species in Galicia. Coastal and hillside zones. Bioresource Technology, 57, 283-289.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 448.46” · score 448.46 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 9796; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Nunez1996-1; sampling autumn. Primary study Nunez1996: Nunez-Regueira, L., Anon, J. A. R., & Castineiras, J. P. (1996). Calorific values and flammability of forest species in Galicia. Coastal and hillside zones. Bioresource Technology, 57, 283-289.
- “calorific value (kcal/kg): 713.52” · score 713.52 (FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg))
  
  FLAMITS record 9797; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Nunez1996-1; sampling winter. Primary study Nunez1996: Nunez-Regueira, L., Anon, J. A. R., & Castineiras, J. P. (1996). Calorific values and flammability of forest species in Galicia. Coastal and hillside zones. Bioresource Technology, 57, 283-289.
- “flammability value: 1” · score 1 (FLAMITS — flammability value)
  
  FLAMITS record 9848; Ignitability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Nunez1996-1; sampling spring. Primary study Nunez1996: Nunez-Regueira, L., Anon, J. A. R., & Castineiras, J. P. (1996). Calorific values and flammability of forest species in Galicia. Coastal and hillside zones. Bioresource Technology, 57, 283-289.
- “flammability value: 5” · score 5 (FLAMITS — flammability value)
  
  FLAMITS record 9857; Ignitability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Nunez1996-1; sampling summer. Primary study Nunez1996: Nunez-Regueira, L., Anon, J. A. R., & Castineiras, J. P. (1996). Calorific values and flammability of forest species in Galicia. Coastal and hillside zones. Bioresource Technology, 57, 283-289.
- “flammability value: 5” · score 5 (FLAMITS — flammability value)
  
  FLAMITS record 9866; Ignitability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Nunez1996-1; sampling autumn. Primary study Nunez1996: Nunez-Regueira, L., Anon, J. A. R., & Castineiras, J. P. (1996). Calorific values and flammability of forest species in Galicia. Coastal and hillside zones. Bioresource Technology, 57, 283-289.
- “flammability value: 3” · score 3 (FLAMITS — flammability value)
  
  FLAMITS record 9875; Ignitability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Nunez1996-1; sampling winter. Primary study Nunez1996: Nunez-Regueira, L., Anon, J. A. R., & Castineiras, J. P. (1996). Calorific values and flammability of forest species in Galicia. Coastal and hillside zones. Bioresource Technology, 57, 283-289.

Fire-resistant perennials instead

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Last verified 2026-08-25. JSON (CC BY 4.0)

Profiles: GBIF ·

Pteridium aquilinum (Pteridium aquilinum). FireApproved. https://fireapproved.com/plants/pteridium-aquilinum/. Last verified 2026-08-25.