United States / Grow / totara
Podocarpus totara
A genus split is not a placement verdict.
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The status above is computed from the cited rows below: independent recommendations can support a fire-resistant result, an avoid row can produce keep-away, and disagreement stays visible as conflict. Placement notes preserve each source’s own scheme rather than translating unlike rules into one scale. This is evidence about a plant, not permission to plant it in every part of the defensible space; Zone 0 remains noncombustible.
A quantitative assessment of shoot flammability for 60 tree and shrub species
“Moderate/high flammability category (Fig. 2)”
Shoot category from the paper's cluster analysis; samples were air-dried for 24 hours before testing.
FLAMITS: FLAMmability plant traiTS database
Primary study Cui2020a: Cui, X., Paterson, A. M., Wyse, S. V., Alam, M. A., Maurin, K. J. L., Pieper, R., ... Curran, T. J. (2020a). Shoot flammability of vascular plants is phylogenetically conserved and related to habitat fire-proneness and growth form. Nature Plants, 6, 355-359.
“ignition frequency (%): 100”
FLAMITS record 1474; Ignitability measurement.
“maximum sample temperature (°C): 506.9”
FLAMITS record 1668; Combustibility measurement.
“burning duration (s): 20.5”
FLAMITS record 1862; Sustainability measurement.
“estimated burnt biomass (%): 29.8”
FLAMITS record 2056; Consumability measurement.
Primary study Mason2016: Mason, N. W. H., Frazao, C., Buxton, R. P., & Richardson, S. J. (2016). Fire form and function: evidence for exaptive flammability in the New Zealand flora. Plant Ecology, 217, 645-659.
“temperature at smoke (°C): 214.52”
FLAMITS record 8488.
“temperature at smoke (°C): 235.1”
FLAMITS record 8489.
“temperature at flaming (°C): 416.36”
FLAMITS record 8703.
“temperature at flaming (°C): 391.34”
FLAMITS record 8704.
“temperature increase rate (°C/s): 12.74”
FLAMITS record 8918.
“temperature increase rate (°C/s): 14.81”
FLAMITS record 8919.
Primary study Wyse2016: Wyse, S. V., Perry, G. L. W., O'Connell, D. M., Holland, P. S., Wright, M. J., Hosted, C. L., ... Curran, T. J. (2016). A quantitative assessment of shoot flammability for 60 tree and shrub species supports rankings based on expert opinion. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 25, 466-477.
“ignition frequency (%): 100”
FLAMITS record 14368; Ignitability measurement.
“maximum sample temperature (°C): 461.1”
FLAMITS record 14428; Combustibility measurement.
“burning duration (s): 13.4”
FLAMITS record 14488; Sustainability measurement.
“estimated burnt biomass (%): 24.1”
FLAMITS record 14548; Consumability measurement.
