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galleta grass

Hilaria jamesii · Poaceae

Your local evidence lens

Separate evidence questions, never one approval badge

Set a ZIP to compare this record with state distribution, native range, USDA hardiness, and invasive records.

A genus split is not a placement verdict. Set a ZIP to read the local documented split.

1. Fire evidence and conditions

Fire evidence
Mixed evidence — location does not change the cited classification.
Fire-performance conditions
No test or rating condition is normalized.
Fire ecology context
No section-reviewed fire-ecology context is normalized.
Placement evidence
0 source placement records; source schemes remain separate.
Evidence regions
Arizona above 3,000 feet / interior Southwest
Maintenance
No sourced horticultural maintenance assertion is normalized; fire-test conditions do not supply maintenance advice.
Typed publication scope: 1 scope across 1 cited fire source
  • FIREWISE Plant Materials for 3,000 ft. and Higher Elevations (AZ1289) · Official scoped edition
    • Arizona at or above 3,000 feet (AZ footprint); partial normalized coverage · 2011-12-01

      AZ1289 is explicitly limited to Arizona elevations of 3,000 feet and higher. FireApproved publishes 69 exact owners as regional Arizona context, retaining every water and elevation condition. It is never promoted to statewide low-desert guidance or an independent Tier 1 vote.

2. Why this plant is relevant here

State distribution
Documented in AZ, CA, CO, KS, NM, NV, OK, TX, UT, WY.
Native range
Current cited native range in AZ, CA, CO, KS, NM, NV, OK, TX, UT, WY.
Introduced / established
No introduced or established row is normalized; that does not prove native status.
USDA hardiness
Documented minimum 4b; no upper limit is documented.

3. Legal, ecological, and broader status

Legal-list status
Set a location for an exact legal-list result; source silence is not clearance.
Seed-list status
Set a location to compare the separate state noxious-weed seed layer.
Reported invasive here
No ecological invasive report is normalized; that does not prove noninvasiveness.
Broader regional context
Aggregate AK, HI, and L48 evidence is shown only as regional context, never as an exact-state finding.
Federal context
Federal designations remain separate from state legal-list results.
How to read this page

The status above is computed from the cited rows below: independent recommendations can support a fire-resistant result, an avoid row can produce keep-away, and disagreement stays visible as conflict. Placement notes preserve each source’s own scheme rather than translating unlike rules into one scale. This is evidence about a plant, not permission to plant it in every part of the defensible space; Zone 0 remains noncombustible.

galleta grass (Hilaria jamesii)
Photo: (c) Tim Messick, some rights reserved (CC BY), uploaded by Tim Messick (CC BY), via iNaturalist. Species-typical, not necessarily this cultivar.
Form
grass
USDA hardiness
Minimum 4b; upper limit not documented
Mature height
~2 ft
Water need
low
Current cited native range
AZ, CA, CO, KS, NM, NV, OK, TX, UT, WY
Grows in
AZ, CA, CO, KS, NM, NV, OK, TX +2
Rated in
Arizona above 3,000 feet / interior Southwest
Family
Poaceae
Evidence
1 cited source

Native and introduced range evidence

These are exact U.S. botanical-area records from the cited range source. Native and introduced describe biogeographic relationship, not fire performance or planting approval. Doubtful and extinct rows stay visible but do not count as current presence.

Current native

10

exact source areas

Current introduced

0

exact source areas

Qualified

0

doubtful or extinct source rows

10 native source areas · World Checklist of Vascular Plants, version 16 v16, as of 2026-06-04
  • Arizona (AZ)
  • California (CA)
  • Colorado (CO)
  • Kansas (KS)
  • New Mexico (NM)
  • Nevada (NV)
  • Oklahoma (OK)
  • Texas (TX)
  • Utah (UT)
  • Wyoming (WY)

The lossless worldwide derivative is retained once in the research corpus; object pages repeat only exact U.S. areas needed by the local lens. The JSON twin carries the same page assertions.

Plant hardiness evidence

These values describe the plant source. Your ZIP zone comes from the separate 2023 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map. Whole-zone values stay whole-zone, and a single unresolved value is not treated as a tolerance range. Different source boundaries stay separate: overlapping statements are compared independently, while only ranges with no shared zone are called a conflict.

The evidence

Grouped by what each source concluded. Primary evidence rated the plant itself (a lab, field program, or original curation); corroboration compiled or republished another source's rating and resolves to its root lineage.

Recommends (1)

Fire-resistant grasss instead

Blue Grama
Bouteloua gracilis Western Wheatgrass
Agropyron smithii Fescue, Tall
Festuca arundinacea Tall fescue
Lolium arundinaceum Buffalograss
Buchloe dactyloides Fox sedge
Carex vulpinoidea

Last verified 2026-08-24. JSON (CC BY 4.0)

Profiles: USDA PLANTS · GBIF ·

Hilaria jamesii (galleta grass). FireApproved. https://fireapproved.com/plants/hilaria-jamesii/. Last verified 2026-08-24.