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Wyse’s New Zealand experiment puts ngaio in a low/moderate flammability group; its U.S.
invasive record needs a separate reading.
Ngaio, Myoporum laetum, is a tree whose 2016 shoot study places it toward the less flammable end of a comparison of 60 tree and shrub species. The grouping combines burn time, maximum temperature, burnt biomass and ignition frequency. It describes how prepared samples behaved together across those measures.
The researchers took 70 cm terminal branches from healthy plants and air-dried them for 24 hours. On the grill, shoots received two minutes of preheating and ten seconds of blowtorch exposure. Sustained flaming after the torch was removed determined whether a sample had ignited. Ngaio’s row contains six samples. Separate subsamples went into a 65°C oven for 48 hours to measure moisture; the branches being burned received the air-drying treatment.
A separate FLAMITS observation, attributed to Cui’s 2020 study, records 75% ignition frequency for ngaio branches. Those branches were predried and preheated with propane-butane burners on a grill, then exposed to a propane-butane blowtorch. The retained database row omits the replicate denominator, exposure durations and sustained-ignition criterion. Wyse’s timing cannot fill those gaps, so the percentage cannot serve as a numerical translation of the earlier low/moderate group.
Ecological establishment adds another consideration. The U.S. Geological Survey’s retained 2022 US-RIIS register records ngaio as introduced and invasive, category D2, in the aggregate conterminous 48 United States region. Its taxon modification and distribution event date are 2017-11-21. That regional entry does not say the tree occurs in every state or impose a legal planting ban. The separate introduced-California record has its own geographic scope.
The experimental classification therefore answers a combustion question about prepared shoots. A planting choice also encounters the ecological invasion record: favorable fire evidence does not settle that separate question.
Form
tree
Rated in
Global; New Zealand
On this lot
1. Fire evidence and conditions
Fire evidence
Fire-resistant — location does not change the cited classification.
Fire-performance conditions
Fire ecology context
Placement evidence
Evidence regions
Global; New Zealand
Maintenance
2. Why this plant is relevant here
State distribution
Documented in CA.
Native range
Introduced / established
1 sourced range or established record. This is not an invasive warning.
USDA hardiness
3. Legal, ecological, and broader status
Legal-list status
Seed-list status
Reported invasive here
1 ecological invasive report.
Broader regional context
Federal context
How to read this page
The status above is computed from the cited rows below: independent recommendations can support a fire-resistant result, an avoid row can produce keep-away, and disagreement stays visible as conflict. Placement notes preserve each source’s own scheme rather than translating unlike rules into one scale. This is evidence about a plant, not permission to plant it in every part of the defensible space; Zone 0 remains noncombustible.
Native and introduced range evidence
These are exact U.S. botanical-area records from the cited range source. Native and
introduced describe biogeographic relationship, not fire performance or planting approval.
Doubtful and extinct rows stay visible but do not count as current presence.
The lossless worldwide derivative is retained once in the research corpus; object pages repeat only exact U.S. areas needed by the local lens. The JSON twin carries the same page assertions.
The evidence
Grouped by what each source concluded. Primary evidence rated the plant itself
(a lab, field program, or original curation); corroboration compiled or
republished another source's rating and resolves to its root lineage.
8 cited rows from this source; its identity, lineage and tier are stated once.
Primary study Cui2020a: Cui, X., Paterson, A. M., Wyse, S. V., Alam, M. A., Maurin, K. J. L., Pieper, R., ... Curran, T. J. (2020a). Shoot flammability of vascular plants is phylogenetically conserved and related to habitat fire-proneness and growth form. Nature Plants, 6, 355-359.
Shared row context: plant part branches; fuel all; predrying yes; device grill; site Cui2020a-1; sampling ND.
“ignition frequency (%): 75”
FLAMITS record 1436; Ignitability measurement.
“maximum sample temperature (°C): 311.3”
FLAMITS record 1630; Combustibility measurement.
“burning duration (s): 3.2”
FLAMITS record 1824; Sustainability measurement.
“estimated burnt biomass (%): 7.9”
FLAMITS record 2018; Consumability measurement.
Primary study Wyse2016: Wyse, S. V., Perry, G. L. W., O'Connell, D. M., Holland, P. S., Wright, M. J., Hosted, C. L., ... Curran, T. J. (2016). A quantitative assessment of shoot flammability for 60 tree and shrub species supports rankings based on expert opinion. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 25, 466-477.
Shared row context: plant part branches; fuel all; predrying yes; device grill; site Wyse2016-3; sampling ND.