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United States / Grow / Washington hawthorn

Washington hawthorn (Crataegus phaenopyrum)
Photo: (c) William J. Deml, some rights reserved (CC BY) (CC BY), via iNaturalist. Species-typical, not necessarily this cultivar.

Washington hawthorn

Crataegus phaenopyrum · Rosaceae · all Crataegus records · Wikipedia

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Is this one for your yard?

Enter your ZIP to see whether this is legal to plant in your state, and whether it survives your winter.

Washington hawthorn has native and introduced occurrences documented in range evidence. The split stays explicit rather than blending every occurrence into one undifferentiated distribution.

Across the six directional sources, Crataegus phaenopyrum is consistently on-list. They include firewise placement, low-flammability entries, and listings as fire-resistant or wildfire-resistant; the individual wording remains in the evidence table. One of those listings carries an irrigated context in performance conditions.

The hardiness rows print an uncertain minimum of 5, an applicable 4–8 range, and an applicable minimum of 3b in hardiness evidence. related plants and the genus page preserve the existing routes beyond this species record.

Form
tree
Mature height
~25 ft
Light
Full sun
Water need
moderate
Rated in
Marin County, California; Michigan / Great Lakes; North Carolina / southeastern US; Ohio / Midwest +2
On this lot

1. Fire evidence and conditions

Fire evidence
Fire-resistant — location does not change the cited classification.
Fire-performance conditions
1 condition stated in cited fire-evidence rows.
Placement evidence
2 source placement records; source schemes remain separate.
Evidence regions
Marin County, California; Michigan / Great Lakes; North Carolina / southeastern US; Ohio / Midwest; Virginia / Mid-Atlantic; eastern US
Typed publication scope: 4 scopes across 4 cited fire sources
  • Fire-Resistant Plants Common to Marin County · Official scoped edition
    • Marin County (CA footprint); partial normalized coverage · 2019-01-01

      The publication is explicitly limited to plants common to Marin County. FireApproved publishes 104 exact owners as Marin regional context while retaining its placement, spacing, irrigation, and maintenance boundary. It is not statewide California guidance or parcel suitability.

  • Wildfire-resistant Landscape Plants for Michigan (Extension Bulletin E2948) · Official scoped edition
    • MI; partial normalized coverage · 2007-01-01

      Michigan State University Extension Bulletin E2948 is explicitly a list of wildfire-resistant landscape plants for Michigan and includes a Michigan-native field. FireApproved publishes 221 exact GBIF owners from 226 represented source rows and holds 15 complex or non-exact rows. This dated publication scope is not a current site-suitability determination.

  • Firewise Landscaping (OSU Extension Bulletin 921) · Official scoped edition
    • OH; partial normalized coverage · 2006-03-01

      Ohio State University Extension Bulletin 921 is an Ohio publication that describes Ohio fire seasons and landscape conditions and labels nativity to Ohio. FireApproved publishes 352 exact source-owning plant records from its eight rated tables. This historical publication scope does not assert current extension endorsement or that a listed plant suits every Ohio site.

  • Virginia Firescapes — Firewise Landscaping for Woodland Homes (430-300) · Official scoped edition
    • VA; partial normalized coverage · 2009-04-15

      Virginia Cooperative Extension's publication opens with Virginia wildfire conditions, identifies its Virginia Firewise Landscaping Task Force, and labels plants native to Virginia. FireApproved publishes 306 exact source owners. Publication scope does not establish parcel suitability or current endorsement of this archived 2009 list.

2. Why this plant is relevant here

State distribution
Documented in AL, AR, DC, DE, FL, GA, IL, IN, KY, LA, MA, MD, ME, MI, MO, MS, NC, NJ, NY, OH, PA, RI, SC, TN, VA, WV.
Native range
Current cited native range in AL, AR, DE, FL, GA, IL, IN, KY, LA, MD, MI, MS, MT, NC, OH, PA, SC, TN, VA, WA, WV.
Introduced / established
1 sourced range or established record. This is not an invasive warning.
USDA hardiness
2 applicable cited hardiness statements overlap but have different boundaries; compare each complete source row.

3. Legal, ecological, and broader status

How to read this page

The status above is computed from the cited rows below: independent recommendations can support a fire-resistant result, an avoid row can produce keep-away, and disagreement stays visible as conflict. Placement notes preserve each source’s own scheme rather than translating unlike rules into one scale. This is evidence about a plant, not permission to plant it in every part of the defensible space; Zone 0 remains noncombustible.

Native and introduced range evidence

These are exact U.S. botanical-area records from the cited range source. Native and introduced describe biogeographic relationship, not fire performance or planting approval. Doubtful and extinct rows stay visible but do not count as current presence.

Current native

21

exact source areas

Current introduced

1

exact source area

Qualified

0

doubtful or extinct source rows

21 native source areas · World Checklist of Vascular Plants, version 16 v16, as of 2026-06-04
  • Alabama (AL)
  • Arkansas (AR)
  • Delaware (DE)
  • Florida (FL)
  • Georgia (GA)
  • Illinois (IL)
  • Indiana (IN)
  • Kentucky (KY)
  • Louisiana (LA)
  • Maryland (MD)
  • Michigan (MI)
  • Mississippi (MS)
  • Montana (MT)
  • North Carolina (NC)
  • Ohio (OH)
  • Pennsylvania (PA)
  • South Carolina (SC)
  • Tennessee (TN)
  • Virginia (VA)
  • Washington (WA)
  • West Virginia (WV)
1 introduced source area · World Checklist of Vascular Plants, version 16 v16, as of 2026-06-04
  • New York (NY)

The lossless worldwide derivative is retained once in the research corpus; object pages repeat only exact U.S. areas needed by the local lens. The JSON twin carries the same page assertions.

Plant hardiness evidence

These values describe the plant source. Your ZIP zone comes from the separate 2023 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map. Whole-zone values stay whole-zone, and a single unresolved value is not treated as a tolerance range. Different source boundaries stay separate: overlapping statements are compared independently, while only ranges with no shared zone are called a conflict.

Conditions in the fire evidence

These describe tested or rated plant material. They are not horticultural maintenance instructions.

Where its sources say to plant it

Placement rules below use each source's own distances or named zones, tied to its rating. They are not interchangeable with the directory's current Zone 0 guidance.

The evidence

Grouped by what each source concluded. Primary evidence rated the plant itself (a lab, field program, or original curation); corroboration compiled or republished another source's rating and resolves to its root lineage.

Recommends (6)

Corroboration (2 rows from 2 sources)
Same genus in the directory · the Crataegus group page

Last verified 2026-08-23. JSON (CC BY 4.0)

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Crataegus phaenopyrum (Washington hawthorn). FireApproved. https://fireapproved.com/plants/crataegus-phaenopyrum/. Last verified 2026-08-23.