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European nettle tree

Celtis australis · Cannabaceae · all Celtis records · also called Mediterranean hackberry

Your local evidence lens

Separate evidence questions, never one approval badge

Set a ZIP to compare this record with state distribution, native range, USDA hardiness, and invasive records.

A genus split is not a placement verdict. Set a ZIP to read the local documented split.

1. Fire evidence and conditions

Fire evidence: Fire-resistant — location does not change the cited classification.
Fire-performance conditions: No test or rating condition is normalized.
Fire ecology context: No section-reviewed fire-ecology context is normalized.
Placement evidence: 2 source placement records; source schemes remain separate.
Evidence regions: Catalonia, Spain; Global; Israel; Valencia, Spain / western Mediterranean
Maintenance: No sourced horticultural maintenance assertion is normalized; fire-test conditions do not supply maintenance advice.

2. Why this plant is relevant here

State distribution: Documented in CA.
Native range: No current cited or legacy state native range is normalized.
Introduced / established: 1 sourced range or established record; set a location to match them. This is not an invasive warning.
USDA hardiness: No hardiness value is normalized.

3. Legal, ecological, and broader status

Legal-list status: Set a location for an exact legal-list result; source silence is not clearance.
Seed-list status: Set a location to compare the separate state noxious-weed seed layer.
Reported invasive here: No ecological invasive report is normalized; that does not prove noninvasiveness.
Broader regional context: Aggregate AK, HI, and L48 evidence is shown only as regional context, never as an exact-state finding.
Federal context: Federal designations remain separate from state legal-list results.

How to read this page

The status above is computed from the cited rows below: independent recommendations can support a fire-resistant result, an avoid row can produce keep-away, and disagreement stays visible as conflict. Placement notes preserve each source’s own scheme rather than translating unlike rules into one scale. This is evidence about a plant, not permission to plant it in every part of the defensible space; Zone 0 remains noncombustible.

European nettle tree (Celtis australis) — Photo: (c) Eleftherios Katsillis, some rights reserved (CC BY) (CC BY), via iNaturalist. Species-typical, not necessarily this cultivar.

Form: tree
Grows in: CA
Rated in: Catalonia, Spain; Global; Israel; Valencia, Spain / western Mediterranean
Family: Cannabaceae
Evidence: 7 cited sources

Where its sources say to plant it

Placement rules below use each source's own distances or named zones, tied to its rating. They are not interchangeable with the directory's current Zone 0 guidance.

Guía de pirojardinería: suitable inside or outside the 25-metre maximum-risk zone [girona-2020-iuf-25m-suitability] (with its recommendation)
השרפה בהרי יהודה – 2021: ניתוח: recommendations, treatment of public-use forest areas [judean-hills-2021-less-flammable-than-pine] (with its recommendation)

The evidence

Grouped by what each source concluded. Primary evidence rated the plant itself (a lab, field program, or original curation); corroboration compiled or republished another source's rating and resolves to its root lineage.

Listed without a rating (4)

FLAMITS: FLAMmability plant traiTS database — Dryad / Global Ecology and Biogeography · Dryad version 9 · original source Corroboration Trait database lineage: meta-aggregator

4 cited rows from this source; its identity, lineage and tier are stated once.
- “time to flaming (s): 11.25” · score 11.25 (FLAMITS — time to flaming (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 10485; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Petriccione2006-1; sampling july to august. Primary study Petriccione2006: Petriccione, M. (2006). Infiammabilità della lettiera di diverse specie vegetali di ambiente mediterráneo. Tesi Di Dottorato. Università Degli Studi Di Napoli Federico II.
- “burning duration (s): 7.37” · score 7.37 (FLAMITS — burning duration (s))
  
  FLAMITS record 10486; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Petriccione2006-1; sampling july to august. Primary study Petriccione2006: Petriccione, M. (2006). Infiammabilità della lettiera di diverse specie vegetali di ambiente mediterráneo. Tesi Di Dottorato. Università Degli Studi Di Napoli Federico II.
- “ignition frequency (%): 43” · score 43 (FLAMITS — ignition frequency (%))
  
  FLAMITS record 10487; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Petriccione2006-1; sampling july to august. Primary study Petriccione2006: Petriccione, M. (2006). Infiammabilità della lettiera di diverse specie vegetali di ambiente mediterráneo. Tesi Di Dottorato. Università Degli Studi Di Napoli Federico II.
- “flammability value: 3” · score 3 (FLAMITS — flammability value)
  
  FLAMITS record 10488; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Petriccione2006-1; sampling july to august. Primary study Petriccione2006: Petriccione, M. (2006). Infiammabilità della lettiera di diverse specie vegetali di ambiente mediterráneo. Tesi Di Dottorato. Università Degli Studi Di Napoli Federico II.

Last verified 2026-08-23. JSON (CC BY 4.0)

Profiles: USDA PLANTS · GBIF · iNaturalist · Wikidata · ITIS

Celtis australis (European nettle tree, Mediterranean hackberry). FireApproved. https://fireapproved.com/plants/celtis-australis/. Last verified 2026-08-23.