United States / Grow / Japanese cedar

Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica)
Photo: (c) zebedeugalinha, some rights reserved (CC BY) (CC BY), via iNaturalist. Species-typical, not necessarily this cultivar.

Japanese cedar

Cryptomeria japonica · Cupressaceae · also called Japanese cryptomeria · Wikipedia

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Is this one for your yard?

Enter your ZIP to see whether this is legal to plant in your state, and whether it survives your winter.

Cryptomeria japonica remains avoid in the evidence table. The species record also carries 2 ecological invasive reports, kept apart from the computed direction.

Its 2 hardiness assertions are collected in hardiness evidence, while same-form alternatives appear under related plants. Those sections serve different comparisons around japonica: neither the hardiness material nor the alternative set replaces the evidence rows behind the avoid result. Keeping the four accepted facts distinct preserves the japanese cedar record's scope and makes each route useful without implying a genus-wide finding inside the named japonica species boundary.

Fire-resistant trees instead

Form
tree
Mature height
~75 ft
Light
Full sun
Water need
moderate
Rated in
Catalonia, Spain; Global; Japan; eastern US
On this lot

1. Fire evidence and conditions

Fire evidence
Highly flammable — location does not change the cited classification.
Placement evidence
3 source placement records; source schemes remain separate.
Evidence regions
Catalonia, Spain; Global; Japan; eastern US

2. Why this plant is relevant here

State distribution
Documented in DC, DE, LA, MD, NC, NJ, OH, PA, WV.
USDA hardiness
Documented minimum 6a; no upper limit is documented.

3. Legal, ecological, and broader status

Reported invasive here
2 ecological invasive reports.
How to read this page

The status above is computed from the cited rows below: independent recommendations can support a fire-resistant result, an avoid row can produce keep-away, and disagreement stays visible as conflict. Placement notes preserve each source’s own scheme rather than translating unlike rules into one scale. This is evidence about a plant, not permission to plant it in every part of the defensible space; Zone 0 remains noncombustible.

Plant hardiness evidence

These values describe the plant source. Your ZIP zone comes from the separate 2023 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map. Whole-zone values stay whole-zone, and a single unresolved value is not treated as a tolerance range. Different source boundaries stay separate: overlapping statements are compared independently, while only ranges with no shared zone are called a conflict.

Where its sources say to plant it

Placement rules below use each source's own distances or named zones, tied to its rating. They are not interchangeable with the directory's current Zone 0 guidance.

The evidence

Grouped by what each source concluded. Primary evidence rated the plant itself (a lab, field program, or original curation); corroboration compiled or republished another source's rating and resolves to its root lineage.

Avoids (3)

Listed without a rating (85)
Corroboration (85 rows from 1 source)
  • FLAMITS: FLAMmability plant traiTS database — Dryad / Global Ecology and Biogeography · Dryad version 9 · original source Corroboration Trait database lineage: meta-aggregator

    85 cited rows from this source; its identity, lineage and tier are stated once.

    • Primary study Belcher2016: Belcher, C. M. (2016). The influence of leaf morphology on litter flammability and its utility for interpreting palaeofire. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 371, 20150163.

      Shared row context: plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Belcher2016-1; sampling ND.

      • “time to flaming (s): 9.89”

        FLAMITS record 602; Ignitability measurement.

      • “burning duration (s): 70.57”

        FLAMITS record 617; Sustainability measurement.

      • Shared measurement context: Combustibility measurement.

        • “maximum energy release rate (kW): 5.34”

          FLAMITS record 632.

        • “calorific value (kcal/kg): 3066.92”

          FLAMITS record 647.

    • Primary study Cornwell2015: Cornwell, W. K., Elvira, A., van Kempen, L., van Logtestijn, R. S., Aptroot, A., & Cornelissen, J. H. (2015). Flammability across the gymnosperm phylogeny: the importance of litter particle size. New Phytologist, 206, 672-681.

      Shared row context: plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Cornwell2015-1; sampling january to march.

      • Shared measurement context: Combustibility measurement.

        • “maximum flame temperature (°C): 569”

          FLAMITS record 1304.

        • “maximum flame temperature (°C): 614”

          FLAMITS record 1306.

        • “maximum flame temperature (°C): 616”

          FLAMITS record 1308.

      • Shared measurement context: Sustainability measurement.

        • “burning duration (s): 280”

          FLAMITS record 1310.

        • “burning duration (s): 278”

          FLAMITS record 1312.

        • “burning duration (s): 271”

          FLAMITS record 1314.

        • “rate of burning spread (cm/s): 0.21”

          FLAMITS record 1316.

        • “rate of burning spread (cm/s): 0.15”

          FLAMITS record 1318.

        • “rate of burning spread (cm/s): 0.21”

          FLAMITS record 1320.

    • Primary study Liu2013: Liu, M., Yi, L., Yu, S., Zhou, G., Jiang, H., & Li, X. (2013). Combustibility of fresh leaves of 26 forest species in China. Journal of Tropical Forest Science, 25, 528-536.

      Shared row context: plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Liu2013-1; sampling ND.

      • “time to flaming (s): 65.33”

        FLAMITS record 7060; Ignitability measurement.

      • Shared measurement context: Combustibility measurement.

        • “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 114.88”

          FLAMITS record 7086.

        • “mass loss rate (g/s): 0.21”

          FLAMITS record 7112.

        • “calorific value (kcal/kg): 1043.76”

          FLAMITS record 7138.

        • “total heat release (MJ/m²): 5.46”

          FLAMITS record 7164.

        • “smoke release rate (m²/s): 0.09”

          FLAMITS record 7216.

        • “smoke specific extinction area (m²/kg): 10.51”

          FLAMITS record 7242.

        • “energy flux (kW/m²): 18.3”

          FLAMITS record 7268.

      • “total smoke release (m²/m²): 42.02”

        FLAMITS record 7190; Consumability measurement.

    • Primary study Seo2016: Seo, H.J., Park, J.-E., & Son, D.W. (2016). Combustion and thermal characteristics of Korean wood species. BioResources, 11, 7537-7550.

      Shared row context: plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Seo2016-1; sampling ND.

      • Shared measurement context: Combustibility measurement.

        • “maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 147.72”

          FLAMITS record 12387.

        • “total heat release (MJ/m²): 73.84”

          FLAMITS record 12388.

      • “time to flaming (s): 9”

        FLAMITS record 12389; Ignitability measurement.

      • “burnt biomass (%): 99.83”

        FLAMITS record 12390; Consumability measurement.

    • Primary study Zhang2022: Zhang, S., Cornwell, W. K., Zhao, W., van Logtestijn, R. S., Krab, E. J., Aerts, R., & Cornelissen, J. H. (2022). Experimental evidence that leaf litter decomposability and flammability are decoupled across gymnosperm species. Journal of Ecology, 111, 761-772.

      Shared row context: plant part leaves; fuel all; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Zhang2022-1; sampling january and march 2011.

      • “maximum flame temperature (°C): 713.51”

        FLAMITS record 15555; Combustibility measurement.

      • “flaming duration (s): 3”

        FLAMITS record 15596; Sustainability measurement.

    • Primary study Belcher2017: Belcher, C. M., & Hudspith, V. A. (2017). Changes to Cretaceous surface fire behaviour influenced the spread of the early angiosperms. New Phytologist, 213, 1521-1532.

      Shared row context: plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Belcher2017-1; sampling .

      • Shared measurement context: Ignitability measurement.

        • “time to flaming (s): 81”

          FLAMITS record 15859.

        • “time to flaming (s): 9”

          FLAMITS record 15863.

      • “calorific value (kcal/kg): 4464.02”

        FLAMITS record 15867; Combustibility measurement.

    • Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 161–7.

      Shared row context: plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND.

      • Shared measurement context: Ignitability measurement.

        • “time to flaming (s): 27”

          FLAMITS record 18780.

        • “time to flaming (s): 13”

          FLAMITS record 18781.

        • “time to flaming (s): 8”

          FLAMITS record 18782.

        • “time to flaming (s): 40”

          FLAMITS record 18783.

        • “time to flaming (s): 20”

          FLAMITS record 18784.

        • “time to flaming (s): 13”

          FLAMITS record 18785.

        • “time to flaming (s): 37”

          FLAMITS record 18786.

        • “time to flaming (s): 13”

          FLAMITS record 18787.

        • “time to flaming (s): 65”

          FLAMITS record 18788.

        • “time to flaming (s): 40”

          FLAMITS record 18789.

        • “time to flaming (s): 21”

          FLAMITS record 18790.

        • “time to flaming (s): 15”

          FLAMITS record 18791.

        • “time to flaming (s): 43”

          FLAMITS record 18792.

        • “time to flaming (s): 38”

          FLAMITS record 18793.

        • “time to flaming (s): 12”

          FLAMITS record 18794.

        • “time to flaming (s): 9”

          FLAMITS record 18795.

        • “time to flaming (s): 22”

          FLAMITS record 18796.

        • “time to flaming (s): 18”

          FLAMITS record 18797.

      • Shared measurement context: Combustibility measurement.

        • “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 7”

          FLAMITS record 18895.

        • “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 8”

          FLAMITS record 18896.

        • “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 8.8”

          FLAMITS record 18897.

        • “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 9.5”

          FLAMITS record 18898.

        • “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 11.2”

          FLAMITS record 18899.

        • “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 14.4”

          FLAMITS record 18900.

        • “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 6”

          FLAMITS record 18901.

        • “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 7.1”

          FLAMITS record 18902.

        • “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 7.2”

          FLAMITS record 18903.

        • “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 7.5”

          FLAMITS record 18904.

        • “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 8.1”

          FLAMITS record 18905.

        • “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 9.6”

          FLAMITS record 18906.

        • “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 5”

          FLAMITS record 18907.

        • “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 5.5”

          FLAMITS record 18908.

        • “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 6.5”

          FLAMITS record 18909.

        • “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 6.6”

          FLAMITS record 18910.

        • “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 7.7”

          FLAMITS record 18911.

        • “mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 8.8”

          FLAMITS record 18912.

        • “energy flux (kW/m²): 84”

          FLAMITS record 19010.

        • “energy flux (kW/m²): 104”

          FLAMITS record 19011.

        • “energy flux (kW/m²): 98”

          FLAMITS record 19012.

        • “energy flux (kW/m²): 109”

          FLAMITS record 19013.

        • “energy flux (kW/m²): 147”

          FLAMITS record 19014.

        • “energy flux (kW/m²): 164”

          FLAMITS record 19015.

        • “energy flux (kW/m²): 70”

          FLAMITS record 19016.

        • “energy flux (kW/m²): 91”

          FLAMITS record 19017.

        • “energy flux (kW/m²): 83”

          FLAMITS record 19018.

        • “energy flux (kW/m²): 90”

          FLAMITS record 19019.

        • “energy flux (kW/m²): 102”

          FLAMITS record 19020.

        • “energy flux (kW/m²): 109”

          FLAMITS record 19021.

        • “energy flux (kW/m²): 63”

          FLAMITS record 19022.

        • “energy flux (kW/m²): 67”

          FLAMITS record 19023.

        • “energy flux (kW/m²): 83”

          FLAMITS record 19024.

        • “energy flux (kW/m²): 87”

          FLAMITS record 19025.

        • “energy flux (kW/m²): 99”

          FLAMITS record 19026.

        • “energy flux (kW/m²): 112”

          FLAMITS record 19027.

Fire-resistant trees instead

Fire-resistant trees listed above

Last verified 2026-08-23. JSON (CC BY 4.0)

Profiles: USDA PLANTS · GBIF · iNaturalist · Wikidata · Wikipedia · ITIS

Cryptomeria japonica (Japanese cryptomeria). FireApproved. https://fireapproved.com/plants/cryptomeria-japonica/. Last verified 2026-08-23.