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Japanese cryptomeria
Cryptomeria japonica
Your local evidence lens
Separate evidence questions, never one approval badge
A genus split is not a placement verdict. Set a ZIP to read the local documented split.
1. Fire evidence and conditions
- Fire evidence
- Highly flammable — location does not change the cited classification.
- Fire-performance conditions
- No test or rating condition is normalized.
- Fire ecology context
- No section-reviewed fire-ecology context is normalized.
- Placement evidence
- 3 source placement records; source schemes remain separate.
- Evidence regions
- Catalonia, Spain; Global; Japan; eastern US
- Maintenance
- No sourced horticultural maintenance assertion is normalized; fire-test conditions do not supply maintenance advice.
2. Why this plant is relevant here
- State distribution
- Documented in DC, DE, LA, MD, NC, NJ, OH, PA, WV.
- Native range
- No current cited or legacy state native range is normalized.
- Introduced / established
- No introduced or established row is normalized; that does not prove native status.
- USDA hardiness
- Documented minimum 6a; no upper limit is documented.
3. Legal, ecological, and broader status
- Legal-list status
- Set a location for an exact legal-list result; source silence is not clearance.
- Seed-list status
- Set a location to compare the separate state noxious-weed seed layer.
- Reported invasive here
- 2 ecological invasive reports; set a location to distinguish exact from regional context.
- Broader regional context
- Aggregate AK, HI, and L48 evidence is shown only as regional context, never as an exact-state finding.
- Federal context
- Federal designations remain separate from state legal-list results.
How to read this page
The status above is computed from the cited rows below: independent recommendations can support a fire-resistant result, an avoid row can produce keep-away, and disagreement stays visible as conflict. Placement notes preserve each source’s own scheme rather than translating unlike rules into one scale. This is evidence about a plant, not permission to plant it in every part of the defensible space; Zone 0 remains noncombustible.
- Form
- tree
- USDA hardiness
- Minimum 6a; upper limit not documented
- Mature height
- ~75 ft
- Light
- Full sun
- Water need
- moderate
- Grows in
- DC, DE, LA, MD, NC, NJ, OH, PA +1
- Rated in
- Catalonia, Spain; Global; Japan; eastern US
- Family
- Cupressaceae
- Evidence
- 88 cited sources
Plant hardiness evidence
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Eastern United States Fire Performance Plant Selector
Source prints 6 · single-value meaning unresolved
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USDA PLANTS Database — Plant Characteristics
Minimum 6a · no upper limit documented
Where its sources say to plant it
- Eastern United States Fire Performance Plant Selector: Landscape Zone 3 — 10–30 ft from the structure; thin vegetation, remove debris, and minimize plant massing
- Guía de pirojardinería: not suitable inside the 25-metre maximum-risk zone
- Tree fire-protection classification in Hito to Shinrin: スギ — Table 10-2
The evidence
Avoids (3)
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Eastern United States Fire Performance Plant Selector
“NOT Firewise (4)”
Upright growing evergreen with green to blue needles in the adult form. Juvenile form is not cold hardy in northern regions. It has feathery purple foliage.
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“DESACONSEJADA”
Cryptomeria japonica is rated “DESACONSEJADA” by the guide's qualitative IUF garden-suitability method. The method assumes species-specific care and integrates fire evidence with fuel structure, maintenance, origin, invasiveness, and expert fire-service experience.
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Tree fire-protection classification in Hito to Shinrin (人と森林)
“防火には不適”
Table 10-2 prints スギ in the unsuitable fire-protection-power class. The Kagoshima reproduction says highly fire-protective trees can slow spread, promote upward dispersal of heat and smoke, and intercept flying embers.
Listed without a rating (85)
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FLAMITS: FLAMmability plant traiTS database
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“time to flaming (s): 9.89”
FLAMITS record 602; Ignitability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Belcher2016-1; sampling ND. Primary study Belcher2016: Belcher, C. M. (2016). The influence of leaf morphology on litter flammability and its utility for interpreting palaeofire. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 371, 20150163.
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“burning duration (s): 70.57”
FLAMITS record 617; Sustainability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Belcher2016-1; sampling ND. Primary study Belcher2016: Belcher, C. M. (2016). The influence of leaf morphology on litter flammability and its utility for interpreting palaeofire. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 371, 20150163.
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“maximum energy release rate (kW): 5.34”
FLAMITS record 632; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Belcher2016-1; sampling ND. Primary study Belcher2016: Belcher, C. M. (2016). The influence of leaf morphology on litter flammability and its utility for interpreting palaeofire. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 371, 20150163.
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“calorific value (kcal/kg): 3066.92”
FLAMITS record 647; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Belcher2016-1; sampling ND. Primary study Belcher2016: Belcher, C. M. (2016). The influence of leaf morphology on litter flammability and its utility for interpreting palaeofire. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 371, 20150163.
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“maximum flame temperature (°C): 569”
FLAMITS record 1304; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Cornwell2015-1; sampling january to march. Primary study Cornwell2015: Cornwell, W. K., Elvira, A., van Kempen, L., van Logtestijn, R. S., Aptroot, A., & Cornelissen, J. H. (2015). Flammability across the gymnosperm phylogeny: the importance of litter particle size. New Phytologist, 206, 672-681.
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“maximum flame temperature (°C): 614”
FLAMITS record 1306; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Cornwell2015-1; sampling january to march. Primary study Cornwell2015: Cornwell, W. K., Elvira, A., van Kempen, L., van Logtestijn, R. S., Aptroot, A., & Cornelissen, J. H. (2015). Flammability across the gymnosperm phylogeny: the importance of litter particle size. New Phytologist, 206, 672-681.
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“maximum flame temperature (°C): 616”
FLAMITS record 1308; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Cornwell2015-1; sampling january to march. Primary study Cornwell2015: Cornwell, W. K., Elvira, A., van Kempen, L., van Logtestijn, R. S., Aptroot, A., & Cornelissen, J. H. (2015). Flammability across the gymnosperm phylogeny: the importance of litter particle size. New Phytologist, 206, 672-681.
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“burning duration (s): 280”
FLAMITS record 1310; Sustainability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Cornwell2015-1; sampling january to march. Primary study Cornwell2015: Cornwell, W. K., Elvira, A., van Kempen, L., van Logtestijn, R. S., Aptroot, A., & Cornelissen, J. H. (2015). Flammability across the gymnosperm phylogeny: the importance of litter particle size. New Phytologist, 206, 672-681.
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“burning duration (s): 278”
FLAMITS record 1312; Sustainability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Cornwell2015-1; sampling january to march. Primary study Cornwell2015: Cornwell, W. K., Elvira, A., van Kempen, L., van Logtestijn, R. S., Aptroot, A., & Cornelissen, J. H. (2015). Flammability across the gymnosperm phylogeny: the importance of litter particle size. New Phytologist, 206, 672-681.
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“burning duration (s): 271”
FLAMITS record 1314; Sustainability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Cornwell2015-1; sampling january to march. Primary study Cornwell2015: Cornwell, W. K., Elvira, A., van Kempen, L., van Logtestijn, R. S., Aptroot, A., & Cornelissen, J. H. (2015). Flammability across the gymnosperm phylogeny: the importance of litter particle size. New Phytologist, 206, 672-681.
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“rate of burning spread (cm/s): 0.21”
FLAMITS record 1316; Sustainability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Cornwell2015-1; sampling january to march. Primary study Cornwell2015: Cornwell, W. K., Elvira, A., van Kempen, L., van Logtestijn, R. S., Aptroot, A., & Cornelissen, J. H. (2015). Flammability across the gymnosperm phylogeny: the importance of litter particle size. New Phytologist, 206, 672-681.
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“rate of burning spread (cm/s): 0.15”
FLAMITS record 1318; Sustainability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Cornwell2015-1; sampling january to march. Primary study Cornwell2015: Cornwell, W. K., Elvira, A., van Kempen, L., van Logtestijn, R. S., Aptroot, A., & Cornelissen, J. H. (2015). Flammability across the gymnosperm phylogeny: the importance of litter particle size. New Phytologist, 206, 672-681.
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“rate of burning spread (cm/s): 0.21”
FLAMITS record 1320; Sustainability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Cornwell2015-1; sampling january to march. Primary study Cornwell2015: Cornwell, W. K., Elvira, A., van Kempen, L., van Logtestijn, R. S., Aptroot, A., & Cornelissen, J. H. (2015). Flammability across the gymnosperm phylogeny: the importance of litter particle size. New Phytologist, 206, 672-681.
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“time to flaming (s): 65.33”
FLAMITS record 7060; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Liu2013-1; sampling ND. Primary study Liu2013: Liu, M., Yi, L., Yu, S., Zhou, G., Jiang, H., & Li, X. (2013). Combustibility of fresh leaves of 26 forest species in China. Journal of Tropical Forest Science, 25, 528-536.
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“maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 114.88”
FLAMITS record 7086; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Liu2013-1; sampling ND. Primary study Liu2013: Liu, M., Yi, L., Yu, S., Zhou, G., Jiang, H., & Li, X. (2013). Combustibility of fresh leaves of 26 forest species in China. Journal of Tropical Forest Science, 25, 528-536.
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“mass loss rate (g/s): 0.21”
FLAMITS record 7112; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Liu2013-1; sampling ND. Primary study Liu2013: Liu, M., Yi, L., Yu, S., Zhou, G., Jiang, H., & Li, X. (2013). Combustibility of fresh leaves of 26 forest species in China. Journal of Tropical Forest Science, 25, 528-536.
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“calorific value (kcal/kg): 1043.76”
FLAMITS record 7138; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Liu2013-1; sampling ND. Primary study Liu2013: Liu, M., Yi, L., Yu, S., Zhou, G., Jiang, H., & Li, X. (2013). Combustibility of fresh leaves of 26 forest species in China. Journal of Tropical Forest Science, 25, 528-536.
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“total heat release (MJ/m²): 5.46”
FLAMITS record 7164; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Liu2013-1; sampling ND. Primary study Liu2013: Liu, M., Yi, L., Yu, S., Zhou, G., Jiang, H., & Li, X. (2013). Combustibility of fresh leaves of 26 forest species in China. Journal of Tropical Forest Science, 25, 528-536.
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“total smoke release (m²/m²): 42.02”
FLAMITS record 7190; Consumability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Liu2013-1; sampling ND. Primary study Liu2013: Liu, M., Yi, L., Yu, S., Zhou, G., Jiang, H., & Li, X. (2013). Combustibility of fresh leaves of 26 forest species in China. Journal of Tropical Forest Science, 25, 528-536.
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“smoke release rate (m²/s): 0.09”
FLAMITS record 7216; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Liu2013-1; sampling ND. Primary study Liu2013: Liu, M., Yi, L., Yu, S., Zhou, G., Jiang, H., & Li, X. (2013). Combustibility of fresh leaves of 26 forest species in China. Journal of Tropical Forest Science, 25, 528-536.
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“smoke specific extinction area (m²/kg): 10.51”
FLAMITS record 7242; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Liu2013-1; sampling ND. Primary study Liu2013: Liu, M., Yi, L., Yu, S., Zhou, G., Jiang, H., & Li, X. (2013). Combustibility of fresh leaves of 26 forest species in China. Journal of Tropical Forest Science, 25, 528-536.
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“energy flux (kW/m²): 18.3”
FLAMITS record 7268; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Liu2013-1; sampling ND. Primary study Liu2013: Liu, M., Yi, L., Yu, S., Zhou, G., Jiang, H., & Li, X. (2013). Combustibility of fresh leaves of 26 forest species in China. Journal of Tropical Forest Science, 25, 528-536.
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“maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 147.72”
FLAMITS record 12387; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Seo2016-1; sampling ND. Primary study Seo2016: Seo, H.J., Park, J.-E., & Son, D.W. (2016). Combustion and thermal characteristics of Korean wood species. BioResources, 11, 7537-7550.
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“total heat release (MJ/m²): 73.84”
FLAMITS record 12388; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Seo2016-1; sampling ND. Primary study Seo2016: Seo, H.J., Park, J.-E., & Son, D.W. (2016). Combustion and thermal characteristics of Korean wood species. BioResources, 11, 7537-7550.
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“time to flaming (s): 9”
FLAMITS record 12389; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Seo2016-1; sampling ND. Primary study Seo2016: Seo, H.J., Park, J.-E., & Son, D.W. (2016). Combustion and thermal characteristics of Korean wood species. BioResources, 11, 7537-7550.
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“burnt biomass (%): 99.83”
FLAMITS record 12390; Consumability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Seo2016-1; sampling ND. Primary study Seo2016: Seo, H.J., Park, J.-E., & Son, D.W. (2016). Combustion and thermal characteristics of Korean wood species. BioResources, 11, 7537-7550.
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“maximum flame temperature (°C): 713.51”
FLAMITS record 15555; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel all; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Zhang2022-1; sampling january and march 2011. Primary study Zhang2022: Zhang, S., Cornwell, W. K., Zhao, W., van Logtestijn, R. S., Krab, E. J., Aerts, R., & Cornelissen, J. H. (2022). Experimental evidence that leaf litter decomposability and flammability are decoupled across gymnosperm species. Journal of Ecology, 111, 761-772.
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“flaming duration (s): 3”
FLAMITS record 15596; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel all; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Zhang2022-1; sampling january and march 2011. Primary study Zhang2022: Zhang, S., Cornwell, W. K., Zhao, W., van Logtestijn, R. S., Krab, E. J., Aerts, R., & Cornelissen, J. H. (2022). Experimental evidence that leaf litter decomposability and flammability are decoupled across gymnosperm species. Journal of Ecology, 111, 761-772.
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“time to flaming (s): 81”
FLAMITS record 15859; Ignitability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Belcher2017-1; sampling . Primary study Belcher2017: Belcher, C. M., & Hudspith, V. A. (2017). Changes to Cretaceous surface fire behaviour influenced the spread of the early angiosperms. New Phytologist, 213, 1521-1532.
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“time to flaming (s): 9”
FLAMITS record 15863; Ignitability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Belcher2017-1; sampling . Primary study Belcher2017: Belcher, C. M., & Hudspith, V. A. (2017). Changes to Cretaceous surface fire behaviour influenced the spread of the early angiosperms. New Phytologist, 213, 1521-1532.
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“calorific value (kcal/kg): 4464.02”
FLAMITS record 15867; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Belcher2017-1; sampling . Primary study Belcher2017: Belcher, C. M., & Hudspith, V. A. (2017). Changes to Cretaceous surface fire behaviour influenced the spread of the early angiosperms. New Phytologist, 213, 1521-1532.
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“time to flaming (s): 27”
FLAMITS record 18780; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“time to flaming (s): 13”
FLAMITS record 18781; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“time to flaming (s): 8”
FLAMITS record 18782; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“time to flaming (s): 40”
FLAMITS record 18783; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“time to flaming (s): 20”
FLAMITS record 18784; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“time to flaming (s): 13”
FLAMITS record 18785; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“time to flaming (s): 37”
FLAMITS record 18786; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“time to flaming (s): 13”
FLAMITS record 18787; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“time to flaming (s): 65”
FLAMITS record 18788; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“time to flaming (s): 40”
FLAMITS record 18789; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“time to flaming (s): 21”
FLAMITS record 18790; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“time to flaming (s): 15”
FLAMITS record 18791; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“time to flaming (s): 43”
FLAMITS record 18792; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“time to flaming (s): 38”
FLAMITS record 18793; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“time to flaming (s): 12”
FLAMITS record 18794; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“time to flaming (s): 9”
FLAMITS record 18795; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“time to flaming (s): 22”
FLAMITS record 18796; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“time to flaming (s): 18”
FLAMITS record 18797; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 7”
FLAMITS record 18895; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 8”
FLAMITS record 18896; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 8.8”
FLAMITS record 18897; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 9.5”
FLAMITS record 18898; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 11.2”
FLAMITS record 18899; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 14.4”
FLAMITS record 18900; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 6”
FLAMITS record 18901; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 7.1”
FLAMITS record 18902; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 7.2”
FLAMITS record 18903; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 7.5”
FLAMITS record 18904; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 8.1”
FLAMITS record 18905; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 9.6”
FLAMITS record 18906; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 5”
FLAMITS record 18907; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 5.5”
FLAMITS record 18908; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 6.5”
FLAMITS record 18909; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 6.6”
FLAMITS record 18910; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 7.7”
FLAMITS record 18911; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“mass loss rate per area (g/m² s): 8.8”
FLAMITS record 18912; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“energy flux (kW/m²): 84”
FLAMITS record 19010; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“energy flux (kW/m²): 104”
FLAMITS record 19011; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“energy flux (kW/m²): 98”
FLAMITS record 19012; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“energy flux (kW/m²): 109”
FLAMITS record 19013; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“energy flux (kW/m²): 147”
FLAMITS record 19014; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“energy flux (kW/m²): 164”
FLAMITS record 19015; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“energy flux (kW/m²): 70”
FLAMITS record 19016; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“energy flux (kW/m²): 91”
FLAMITS record 19017; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“energy flux (kW/m²): 83”
FLAMITS record 19018; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“energy flux (kW/m²): 90”
FLAMITS record 19019; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“energy flux (kW/m²): 102”
FLAMITS record 19020; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“energy flux (kW/m²): 109”
FLAMITS record 19021; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“energy flux (kW/m²): 63”
FLAMITS record 19022; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“energy flux (kW/m²): 67”
FLAMITS record 19023; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“energy flux (kW/m²): 83”
FLAMITS record 19024; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“energy flux (kW/m²): 87”
FLAMITS record 19025; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“energy flux (kW/m²): 99”
FLAMITS record 19026; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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“energy flux (kW/m²): 112”
FLAMITS record 19027; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Harada2001-1; sampling ND. Primary study Harada2001: Harada, T. (2001). Time to ignition, heat release rate and fire endurance time of wood in cone calorimeter test. Fire Materials, 25, 1617.
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