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Smooth-barked Apple takes its selected lab lineage from the resistant-plant source. The evidence table marks the record as limited evidence. It also carries 1 ecological invasive report, which remains outside the fire evidence for Angophora costata.
The source rows keep the lab lineage and support depth available without turning the ecological report into a vote. A final pass through the cited evidence preserves those roles on the species record. This distinction matters when the ecological designation and fire-performance evidence appear beside each other. That boundary remains visible throughout source review.
Form
shrub
Region
Australia; Victoria, Australia
Rated in
Global; Victoria, Australia
On this lot
1. Fire evidence and conditions
Fire evidence
Fire-resistant — location does not change the cited classification.
Fire-performance conditions
Fire ecology context
Placement evidence
Evidence regions
Global; Victoria, Australia
Maintenance
2. Why this plant is relevant here
State distribution
Native range
Introduced / established
USDA hardiness
3. Legal, ecological, and broader status
Legal-list status
Seed-list status
Reported invasive here
1 ecological invasive report.
Broader regional context
Federal context
How to read this page
The status above is computed from the cited rows below: independent recommendations can support a fire-resistant result, an avoid row can produce keep-away, and disagreement stays visible as conflict. Placement notes preserve each source’s own scheme rather than translating unlike rules into one scale. This is evidence about a plant, not permission to plant it in every part of the defensible space; Zone 0 remains noncombustible.
The evidence
Grouped by what each source concluded. Primary evidence rated the plant itself
(a lab, field program, or original curation); corroboration compiled or
republished another source's rating and resolves to its root lineage.
21 cited rows from this source; its identity, lineage and tier are stated once.
Primary study Gill1996: Gill, M., & Moore, P. (1996). Ignitibility of leaves of Australian plants. Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, CSIRO Plant Industry.
Shared row context: Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; device muffle furnace; site Gill1996-1; sampling march to april.
“time to flaming (s): 17.04”
FLAMITS record 3815; predrying no.
“time to flaming (s): 4.14”
FLAMITS record 3863; predrying yes.
Primary study Grootemaat2017b: Grootemaat, S., Wright, I. J., Van Bodegom, P. M., Cornelissen, J. H., & Shaw, V. (2017). Bark traits, decomposition and flammability of Australian forest trees. Australian Journal of Botany, 65, 327.
FLAMITS record 4536; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead.
Shared measurement context: Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead.
“smouldering duration per mass (s/g): 100.74”
FLAMITS record 4546.
“flaming duration per mass (s/g): 18.94”
FLAMITS record 4566.
“mass loss rate (g/s): 9.41”
FLAMITS record 4556; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead.
“time to flaming (s): 6.59”
FLAMITS record 4576; Ignitability measurement; plant part bark; fuel live.
Shared measurement context: Sustainability measurement; plant part bark; fuel live.
“smouldering duration per mass (s/g): 129.33”
FLAMITS record 4586.
“flaming duration per mass (s/g): 49.34”
FLAMITS record 4606.
“mass loss rate (g/s): 6.75”
FLAMITS record 4596; Combustibility measurement; plant part bark; fuel live.
Primary study Salvo2015: Salvo-Aires, F. (2015). Effects of woody weeds on fuels and fire behaviour in Eastern Australian forests and woodlands. PhD. Dissertation. University of Sydney.
Shared row context: plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Salvo2015-1; sampling ND.
Primary study Murray2023: Murray, B. R., Hawthorne, T., Curran, T. J., Krix, D. W., Wallace, M. I., Young, K., ... & Webb, J. K. (2023). Shoot flammability patterns among plant species of the wildlandurban interface in the fire-prone Greater Blue Mountains World Heritage Area. International Journal of Wildland Fire, Online early.
Shared row context: plant part branches; fuel all; predrying yes; device grill; site Murray2023-1; sampling ND.
