{"id":"wisteria-sinensis","license":"CC-BY-4.0","data":{"scientificName":"Wisteria sinensis","commonNames":["Chinese wisteria"],"taxonRank":"species","acceptedName":"Wisteria sinensis","family":"Fabaceae","ids":{"usdaSymbol":"WISI","gbifKey":8149049,"itisTsn":27023,"wikidataQid":"Q159116","inatTaxonId":127306},"usdaZoneMin":"5a","usdaZoneMax":"8b","zoneSource":"msu-e2948","states":["AL","AR","CT","DC","DE","FL","GA","HI","IL","KY","LA","MA","MD","MI","MO","MS","NC","NJ","NY","PA","SC","TN","TX","VA","VT","WV"],"rangeAssertions":[{"relation":"introduced","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["AL"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 78 — Southeastern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 ALA — Alabama"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z"},{"relation":"introduced","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["AR"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 78 — Southeastern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 ARK — Arkansas"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z"},{"relation":"introduced","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["FL"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 78 — Southeastern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 FLA — Florida"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z"},{"relation":"introduced","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["IL"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 74 — North-Central U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 ILL — Illinois"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z"},{"relation":"introduced","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["KY"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 78 — Southeastern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 KTY — Kentucky"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z"},{"relation":"introduced","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["MA"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 75 — Northeastern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 MAS — Massachusetts"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z"},{"relation":"introduced","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["MD"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 78 — Southeastern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 MRY — Maryland"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z"},{"relation":"introduced","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["NY"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 75 — Northeastern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 NWY — New York"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z"},{"relation":"introduced","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["TN"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 78 — Southeastern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 TEN — Tennessee"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z"},{"relation":"introduced","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["TX"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 77 — South-Central U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 TEX — Texas"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z"},{"relation":"introduced","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["VT"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 75 — Northeastern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 VER — Vermont"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z"}],"invasiveIn":[{"state":"L48","status":"invasive-reported","source":"us-riis"}],"statusAssertions":[{"status":"prohibited","channel":"regulatory","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["DE"]},"authority":"Delaware Department of Agriculture","source":"delaware-3-de-admin-code-806-2026","sourceRecordId":"delaware:806:invasive:004","sourceVersion":"3-DE-Admin-Code-806-amended-effective-2026-05-11-reviewed-2026-08-26","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","sourceTaxon":{"name":"Wisteria sinensis","rank":"species","rawRank":"species"},"sourceDesignation":{"code":"3 DE Admin. Code 806 § 3.1","label":"Invasive Plant List — specified viable-material activities prohibited"},"associatedReferences":["https://agriculture.delaware.gov/plant-industries/nursery-inspection/","https://delcode.delaware.gov/title3/c029/index.html","https://regulations.delaware.gov/api/register/May2026/428efbc1-23e5-47a9-b127-094062022717","https://regulations.delaware.gov/api/register/March2026/de3aa728-afd8-4d61-8545-2609efcc0ca0"],"regulatoryConditions":[{"kind":"activity-restriction","statement":"No person may import, export, buy, sell, transport, distribute, or propagate any viable portion, including seeds, of a plant on the Invasive Plant List without the Secretary's prior written approval.","effectiveOn":"2022-07-01T00:00:00.000Z","sourceUrl":"https://delcode.delaware.gov/title3/c029/index.html"},{"kind":"permit-required","statement":"The Secretary may provide prior written approval for disposal, control, research or education, or export for one of those purposes.","sourceUrl":"https://delcode.delaware.gov/title3/c029/index.html"}],"taxonProjection":{"basis":"exact-taxon","legalScope":"includes-subordinate-taxa-with-exceptions","exceptionReview":"reviewed-not-excepted","notes":"unique exact same-rank source scientific/accepted name match; no subordinate projection; FireApproved publishes only this unique exact same-rank primary source name; source synonyms, subordinate taxa, and current named cultivar exemptions do not create separate positive or clearance records"}},{"status":"widespread-invasive","channel":"ecological","geography":{"grain":"aggregate-region","regions":["L48"]},"source":"us-riis-v2","sourceRecordId":"USRIIS-L48-Plantae11345","sourceVersion":"2.0 (November 2022)","asOf":"2022-10-23T00:00:00.000Z","sourceModified":"2022-05-09T00:00:00.000Z","sourceTaxon":{"name":"Wisteria sinensis","rank":"species","rawRank":"Species"},"sourceDesignation":{"code":"E","label":"widespread invasive (category E)"},"associatedReferences":["USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) PLANTS Database (2021fmp), https://plants.usda.gov/home/plantProfile?symbol=WISI"],"taxonProjection":{"basis":"exact-taxon","notes":"exact source identifier, rank, family, and scientific/accepted name"}}],"hardinessAssertions":[{"minimum":"5","maximum":"8","interpretation":"explicit-range","precision":"whole-zone","zoneMapping":"source-stated","applicability":"applicable","source":"msu-e2948","sourceRecordId":"vine:Wisteria sinensis","sourceTaxon":"Wisteria sinensis","taxonMatch":"exact","sourcePlacement":"Table 1, vine row","sourceVersion":"New, January 2007","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z"}],"plantForm":"vine","photo":{"file":"/images/plants/wisteria-sinensis.jpg","sourceUrl":"https://www.inaturalist.org/photos/712322912","observationUrl":"https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/388899529","license":"cc-by","attribution":"(c) zebedeugalinha, some rights reserved (CC BY)","fetchedOn":"2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z"},"evidence":[{"source":"gva-valencia","verdict":"recommend","verdictRaw":"recommended low-flammability species (climbers, garden column)","claimOriginal":"especies recomendadas","edition":"2019","url":"https://www.leliana.es/sites/www.leliana.es/files/files/Jardineria%20de%20baja%20inflamabilidad.pdf","accessedOn":"2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"msu-e2948","verdict":"recommend","verdictRaw":"considered wildfire-resistant and are recommended for Michigan’s climate","claims":"Table 1 row: Wisteria sinensis (Chinese wisteria).","edition":"New, January 2007","url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20070714035839/http://www.firewise.org/usa/files/mi_wildfire_resistant.pdf","documentDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"}],"flammabilityClass":"fire-resistant","ratingReason":"consensus","recommendation":"on-list","author":"grayson-graham","reviewStatus":"draft","lastVerified":"2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z","reviewNotes":"Photo auto-selected (top-voted iNat); human review pending."},"localAssessmentInputs":{"stateDistribution":["AL","AR","CT","DC","DE","FL","GA","HI","IL","KY","LA","MA","MD","MI","MO","MS","NC","NJ","NY","PA","SC","TN","TX","VA","VT","WV"],"nativeStates":[],"rangeAssertions":[{"relation":"introduced","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["AL"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 78 — Southeastern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 ALA — Alabama"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"},{"relation":"introduced","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["AR"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 78 — Southeastern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 ARK — Arkansas"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"},{"relation":"introduced","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["FL"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 78 — Southeastern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 FLA — Florida"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"},{"relation":"introduced","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["IL"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 74 — North-Central U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 ILL — Illinois"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"},{"relation":"introduced","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["KY"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 78 — Southeastern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 KTY — Kentucky"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"},{"relation":"introduced","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["MA"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 75 — Northeastern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 MAS — Massachusetts"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"},{"relation":"introduced","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["MD"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 78 — Southeastern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 MRY — Maryland"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"},{"relation":"introduced","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["NY"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 75 — Northeastern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 NWY — New York"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"},{"relation":"introduced","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["TN"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 78 — Southeastern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 TEN — Tennessee"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"},{"relation":"introduced","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["TX"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 77 — South-Central U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 TEX — Texas"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"},{"relation":"introduced","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["VT"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 75 — Northeastern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 VER — Vermont"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"},{"relation":"documented-occurrence","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["AL","AR","CT","DC","DE","FL","GA","HI","IL","KY","LA","MA","MD","MI","MO","MS","NC","NJ","NY","PA","SC","TN","TX","VA","VT","WV"]},"provenance":"legacy-field"}],"usdaZoneMin":"5a","usdaZoneMax":"8b","hardinessAssertions":[{"minimum":"5","maximum":"8","interpretation":"explicit-range","precision":"whole-zone","zoneMapping":"source-stated","applicability":"applicable","source":"msu-e2948","sourceRecordId":"vine:Wisteria sinensis","sourceTaxon":"Wisteria sinensis","taxonMatch":"exact","sourcePlacement":"Table 1, vine row","sourceVersion":"New, January 2007","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"}],"hardinessSelection":{"status":"selected","assertion":{"minimum":"5","maximum":"8","interpretation":"explicit-range","precision":"whole-zone","zoneMapping":"source-stated","applicability":"applicable","source":"msu-e2948","sourceRecordId":"vine:Wisteria sinensis","sourceTaxon":"Wisteria sinensis","taxonMatch":"exact","sourcePlacement":"Table 1, vine row","sourceVersion":"New, January 2007","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"},"assertions":[{"minimum":"5","maximum":"8","interpretation":"explicit-range","precision":"whole-zone","zoneMapping":"source-stated","applicability":"applicable","source":"msu-e2948","sourceRecordId":"vine:Wisteria sinensis","sourceTaxon":"Wisteria sinensis","taxonMatch":"exact","sourcePlacement":"Table 1, vine row","sourceVersion":"New, January 2007","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"}]},"invasiveIn":[{"state":"L48","status":"invasive-reported","source":"us-riis"}],"statusAssertions":[{"status":"prohibited","channel":"regulatory","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["DE"]},"authority":"Delaware Department of Agriculture","source":"delaware-3-de-admin-code-806-2026","sourceRecordId":"delaware:806:invasive:004","sourceVersion":"3-DE-Admin-Code-806-amended-effective-2026-05-11-reviewed-2026-08-26","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","sourceTaxon":{"name":"Wisteria sinensis","rank":"species","rawRank":"species"},"sourceDesignation":{"code":"3 DE Admin. Code 806 § 3.1","label":"Invasive Plant List — specified viable-material activities prohibited"},"associatedReferences":["https://agriculture.delaware.gov/plant-industries/nursery-inspection/","https://delcode.delaware.gov/title3/c029/index.html","https://regulations.delaware.gov/api/register/May2026/428efbc1-23e5-47a9-b127-094062022717","https://regulations.delaware.gov/api/register/March2026/de3aa728-afd8-4d61-8545-2609efcc0ca0"],"regulatoryConditions":[{"kind":"activity-restriction","statement":"No person may import, export, buy, sell, transport, distribute, or propagate any viable portion, including seeds, of a plant on the Invasive Plant List without the Secretary's prior written approval.","effectiveOn":"2022-07-01T00:00:00.000Z","sourceUrl":"https://delcode.delaware.gov/title3/c029/index.html"},{"kind":"permit-required","statement":"The Secretary may provide prior written approval for disposal, control, research or education, or export for one of those purposes.","sourceUrl":"https://delcode.delaware.gov/title3/c029/index.html"}],"taxonProjection":{"basis":"exact-taxon","legalScope":"includes-subordinate-taxa-with-exceptions","exceptionReview":"reviewed-not-excepted","notes":"unique exact same-rank source scientific/accepted name match; no subordinate projection; FireApproved publishes only this unique exact same-rank primary source name; source synonyms, subordinate taxa, and current named cultivar exemptions do not create separate positive or clearance records"},"provenance":"cited"},{"status":"widespread-invasive","channel":"ecological","geography":{"grain":"aggregate-region","regions":["L48"]},"source":"us-riis-v2","sourceRecordId":"USRIIS-L48-Plantae11345","sourceVersion":"2.0 (November 2022)","asOf":"2022-10-23T00:00:00.000Z","sourceModified":"2022-05-09T00:00:00.000Z","sourceTaxon":{"name":"Wisteria sinensis","rank":"species","rawRank":"Species"},"sourceDesignation":{"code":"E","label":"widespread invasive (category E)"},"associatedReferences":["USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) PLANTS Database (2021fmp), https://plants.usda.gov/home/plantProfile?symbol=WISI"],"taxonProjection":{"basis":"exact-taxon","notes":"exact source identifier, rank, family, and scientific/accepted name"},"provenance":"cited"}],"fireEvidenceClass":"fire-resistant","recommendation":"on-list","fireSourceScopes":[{"source":"msu-e2948","sourceName":"Wildfire-resistant Landscape Plants for Michigan (Extension Bulletin E2948)","sourceUrl":"https://web.archive.org/web/20070714035839/http://www.firewise.org/usa/files/mi_wildfire_resistant.pdf","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["MI"]},"completeness":"partial","reviewStatus":"reviewed","scope":"Michigan State University Extension Bulletin E2948 is explicitly a list of wildfire-resistant landscape plants for Michigan and includes a Michigan-native field. FireApproved publishes 221 exact GBIF owners from 226 represented source rows and holds 15 complex or non-exact rows. This dated publication scope is not a current site-suitability determination.","sourceVersion":"MSU-Extension-E2948-2007","asOf":"2007-01-01T00:00:00.000Z"}],"firePerformanceConditions":[],"maintenanceAssertions":[],"maintenanceConditions":null,"regulatoryReviews":{},"seedReviews":{}},"legacyCompatibilityProjection":{"nativeStates":[],"invasiveIn":[{"state":"DE","status":"noxious-listed","source":"delaware-3-de-admin-code-806-2026"},{"state":"L48","status":"invasive-reported","source":"us-riis-v2"}],"usdaZoneMin":"5","usdaZoneMax":"8"},"localAssessmentContract":"Compare each dimension separately. State noxious-weed seed designations are material-scoped and never become non-seed plant restrictions, ecological-invasive findings, nursery restrictions, alternatives, product evidence, or fire votes. Introduced/established context is not an invasive warning. Minimum-only hardiness has no inferred maximum; canonical source-temperature conversion is validated and contradictory applicable rows project no primary zone. L48 context applies only to conterminous states and is never exact-state status. Fire-performance conditions are not maintenance advice. FEIS fire-ecology context does not vote in the plant classification. Absence of a status row is not regulatory clearance."}