{"id":"ulmus-carpinifolia","license":"CC-BY-4.0","data":{"scientificName":"Ulmus carpinifolia","commonNames":["Smoothleaf elm"],"taxonRank":"species","acceptedName":"Ulmus carpinifolia","family":"Ulmaceae","ids":{"usdaSymbol":"ULPR","gbifKey":8053352,"itisTsn":523003,"wikidataQid":"Q3547946","inatTaxonId":464260},"usdaZoneMin":"5a","zoneSource":"fps-2016","states":["CA","CT","DC","DE","IL","KS","MA","MD","ME","MO","NC","NJ","NV","NY","OH","PA","TN","VA","VT","WV"],"hardinessAssertions":[{"minimum":"5","interpretation":"ambiguous-single-value","precision":"whole-zone","zoneMapping":"source-stated","applicability":"uncertain","applicabilityNotes":"The recovered selector prints one Cold Hardiness Zone value but does not define it as a minimum threshold or a one-zone range.","source":"fps-eastern-us","sourceRecordId":"ulmus-carpinifolia","sourceTaxon":"Ulmus carpinifolia","taxonMatch":"exact","sourcePlacement":"Cold Hardiness Zone field in the recovered selector record","sourceVersion":"2016-wayback","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z"}],"plantForm":"tree","matureHeightFt":40,"sun":"full","photo":{"file":"/images/plants/ulmus-carpinifolia.jpg","sourceUrl":"https://www.inaturalist.org/photos/231846457","observationUrl":"https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/135891191","license":"cc-by","attribution":"(c) Eleftherios Katsillis, some rights reserved (CC BY)","fetchedOn":"2026-08-24T00:00:00.000Z"},"evidence":[{"source":"fps-eastern-us","verdict":"recommend","verdictRaw":"Firewise (1)","claims":"Susceptible to Dutch Elm Disease.","sourcePlacement":{"value":"LZ3","scheme":"fps-landscape-zone"},"edition":"2016-wayback","accessedOn":"2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z"}],"flammabilityClass":"fire-resistant","ratingReason":"limited-evidence","recommendation":"on-list","author":"grayson-graham","reviewStatus":"draft","lastVerified":"2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z","reviewNotes":"Photo selected from license-verified candidates and human-reviewed 2026-08-24 (joint session). iNaturalist lists Ulmus carpinifolia under Ulmus minor."},"localAssessmentInputs":{"stateDistribution":["CA","CT","DC","DE","IL","KS","MA","MD","ME","MO","NC","NJ","NV","NY","OH","PA","TN","VA","VT","WV"],"nativeStates":[],"rangeAssertions":[{"relation":"documented-occurrence","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["CA","CT","DC","DE","IL","KS","MA","MD","ME","MO","NC","NJ","NV","NY","OH","PA","TN","VA","VT","WV"]},"provenance":"legacy-field"}],"usdaZoneMin":"5a","usdaZoneMax":null,"hardinessAssertions":[{"minimum":"5","interpretation":"ambiguous-single-value","precision":"whole-zone","zoneMapping":"source-stated","applicability":"uncertain","applicabilityNotes":"The recovered selector prints one Cold Hardiness Zone value but does not define it as a minimum threshold or a one-zone range.","source":"fps-eastern-us","sourceRecordId":"ulmus-carpinifolia","sourceTaxon":"Ulmus carpinifolia","taxonMatch":"exact","sourcePlacement":"Cold Hardiness Zone field in the recovered selector record","sourceVersion":"2016-wayback","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"}],"hardinessSelection":{"status":"unresolved-applicability","assertions":[{"minimum":"5","interpretation":"ambiguous-single-value","precision":"whole-zone","zoneMapping":"source-stated","applicability":"uncertain","applicabilityNotes":"The recovered selector prints one Cold Hardiness Zone value but does not define it as a minimum threshold or a one-zone range.","source":"fps-eastern-us","sourceRecordId":"ulmus-carpinifolia","sourceTaxon":"Ulmus carpinifolia","taxonMatch":"exact","sourcePlacement":"Cold Hardiness Zone field in the recovered selector record","sourceVersion":"2016-wayback","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"}]},"invasiveIn":[],"statusAssertions":[],"fireEvidenceClass":"fire-resistant","recommendation":"on-list","fireSourceScopes":[],"firePerformanceConditions":[],"maintenanceAssertions":[],"maintenanceConditions":null,"regulatoryReviews":{},"seedReviews":{}},"legacyCompatibilityProjection":{"nativeStates":[],"invasiveIn":[]},"localAssessmentContract":"Compare each dimension separately. State noxious-weed seed designations are material-scoped and never become non-seed plant restrictions, ecological-invasive findings, nursery restrictions, alternatives, product evidence, or fire votes. Introduced/established context is not an invasive warning. Minimum-only hardiness has no inferred maximum; canonical source-temperature conversion is validated and contradictory applicable rows project no primary zone. L48 context applies only to conterminous states and is never exact-state status. Fire-performance conditions are not maintenance advice. FEIS fire-ecology context does not vote in the plant classification. Absence of a status row is not regulatory clearance."}