{"id":"schinus-patagonicus","license":"CC-BY-4.0","data":{"scientificName":"Schinus patagonicus","commonNames":["Schinus patagonicus"],"taxonRank":"species","acceptedName":"Schinus patagonicus","family":"Anacardiaceae","ids":{"gbifKey":7986842},"regions":["Argentina"],"plantForm":"shrub","evidence":[{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 22.8","score":{"value":22.8,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 667; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Bianchi2015-1; sampling november to april. Primary study Bianchi2015: Bianchi, L. O., & Defossé, G. E. (2015). Live fuel moisture content and leaf ignition of forest species in Andean Patagonia, Argentina. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 24, 340-348.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Bianchi2015","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"ignition frequency (%): 29.96","score":{"value":29.96,"scale":"FLAMITS — ignition frequency (%)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 673; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Bianchi2015-1; sampling november to april. Primary study Bianchi2015: Bianchi, L. O., & Defossé, G. E. (2015). Live fuel moisture content and leaf ignition of forest species in Andean Patagonia, Argentina. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 24, 340-348.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Bianchi2015","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"burning duration (s): 7.2","score":{"value":7.2,"scale":"FLAMITS — burning duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 679; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Bianchi2015-1; sampling november to april. Primary study Bianchi2015: Bianchi, L. O., & Defossé, G. E. (2015). Live fuel moisture content and leaf ignition of forest species in Andean Patagonia, Argentina. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 24, 340-348.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Bianchi2015","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 21.9","score":{"value":21.9,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 692; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Bianchi2019-1; sampling summer. Primary study Bianchi2019: Bianchi, L. O., Oddi, F .J., Muñoz, M., & Defossé, G. E. (2019). Comparison of leaf moisture content and ignition characteristics among native species and exotic conifers in Northwestern Patagonia, Argentina. Forest Science, 65, 375-386.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Bianchi2019","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"burning duration (s): 6.2","score":{"value":6.2,"scale":"FLAMITS — burning duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 710; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Bianchi2019-1; sampling summer. Primary study Bianchi2019: Bianchi, L. O., Oddi, F .J., Muñoz, M., & Defossé, G. E. (2019). Comparison of leaf moisture content and ignition characteristics among native species and exotic conifers in Northwestern Patagonia, Argentina. Forest Science, 65, 375-386.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Bianchi2019","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"flammability value: 1.5","score":{"value":1.5,"scale":"FLAMITS — flammability value"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 728; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Bianchi2019-1; sampling summer. Primary study Bianchi2019: Bianchi, L. O., Oddi, F .J., Muñoz, M., & Defossé, G. E. (2019). Comparison of leaf moisture content and ignition characteristics among native species and exotic conifers in Northwestern Patagonia, Argentina. Forest Science, 65, 375-386.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Bianchi2019","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"ignition frequency (%): 30.1","score":{"value":30.1,"scale":"FLAMITS — ignition frequency (%)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 746; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Bianchi2019-1; sampling summer. Primary study Bianchi2019: Bianchi, L. O., Oddi, F .J., Muñoz, M., & Defossé, G. E. (2019). Comparison of leaf moisture content and ignition characteristics among native species and exotic conifers in Northwestern Patagonia, Argentina. Forest Science, 65, 375-386.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Bianchi2019","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 1.77","score":{"value":1.77,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 765; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Blackhall2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study Blackhall2012: Blackhall, M., Raffaele, E., & Veblen, T.T. (2012). Is foliar flammability of woody species related to time since fire and herbivory in northwest Patagonia, Argentina? Journal of Vegetation Science, 23, 931-941.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Blackhall2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 2.16","score":{"value":2.16,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 766; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Blackhall2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study Blackhall2012: Blackhall, M., Raffaele, E., & Veblen, T.T. (2012). Is foliar flammability of woody species related to time since fire and herbivory in northwest Patagonia, Argentina? Journal of Vegetation Science, 23, 931-941.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Blackhall2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 2.73","score":{"value":2.73,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 767; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Blackhall2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study Blackhall2012: Blackhall, M., Raffaele, E., & Veblen, T.T. (2012). Is foliar flammability of woody species related to time since fire and herbivory in northwest Patagonia, Argentina? Journal of Vegetation Science, 23, 931-941.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Blackhall2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 2.89","score":{"value":2.89,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 768; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Blackhall2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study Blackhall2012: Blackhall, M., Raffaele, E., & Veblen, T.T. (2012). Is foliar flammability of woody species related to time since fire and herbivory in northwest Patagonia, Argentina? Journal of Vegetation Science, 23, 931-941.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Blackhall2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"burning duration (s): 8.18","score":{"value":8.18,"scale":"FLAMITS — burning duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 789; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Blackhall2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study Blackhall2012: Blackhall, M., Raffaele, E., & Veblen, T.T. (2012). Is foliar flammability of woody species related to time since fire and herbivory in northwest Patagonia, Argentina? Journal of Vegetation Science, 23, 931-941.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Blackhall2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"burning duration (s): 7.1","score":{"value":7.1,"scale":"FLAMITS — burning duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 790; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Blackhall2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study Blackhall2012: Blackhall, M., Raffaele, E., & Veblen, T.T. (2012). Is foliar flammability of woody species related to time since fire and herbivory in northwest Patagonia, Argentina? Journal of Vegetation Science, 23, 931-941.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Blackhall2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"burning duration (s): 8.8","score":{"value":8.8,"scale":"FLAMITS — burning duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 791; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Blackhall2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study Blackhall2012: Blackhall, M., Raffaele, E., & Veblen, T.T. (2012). Is foliar flammability of woody species related to time since fire and herbivory in northwest Patagonia, Argentina? Journal of Vegetation Science, 23, 931-941.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Blackhall2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"burning duration (s): 6.46","score":{"value":6.46,"scale":"FLAMITS — burning duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 792; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Blackhall2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study Blackhall2012: Blackhall, M., Raffaele, E., & Veblen, T.T. (2012). Is foliar flammability of woody species related to time since fire and herbivory in northwest Patagonia, Argentina? Journal of Vegetation Science, 23, 931-941.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Blackhall2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 41.7","score":{"value":41.7,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 831; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Blackhall2019-1; sampling february. Primary study Blackhall2019: Blackhall, M., & Raffaele, E. (2019). Flammability of Patagonian invaders and natives: When exotic plant species affect live fine fuel ignitability in wildland-urban interfaces. Landscape and Urban Planning, 189, 1-10.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Blackhall2019","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"maximum sample temperature (°C): 209","score":{"value":209,"scale":"FLAMITS — maximum sample temperature (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 862; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Blackhall2019-1; sampling february. Primary study Blackhall2019: Blackhall, M., & Raffaele, E. (2019). Flammability of Patagonian invaders and natives: When exotic plant species affect live fine fuel ignitability in wildland-urban interfaces. Landscape and Urban Planning, 189, 1-10.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Blackhall2019","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"flaming duration (s): 27.8","score":{"value":27.8,"scale":"FLAMITS — flaming duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 893; Sustainability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Blackhall2019-1; sampling february. Primary study Blackhall2019: Blackhall, M., & Raffaele, E. (2019). Flammability of Patagonian invaders and natives: When exotic plant species affect live fine fuel ignitability in wildland-urban interfaces. Landscape and Urban Planning, 189, 1-10.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Blackhall2019","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"ignition frequency (%): 50","score":{"value":50,"scale":"FLAMITS — ignition frequency (%)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 924; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Blackhall2019-1; sampling february. Primary study Blackhall2019: Blackhall, M., & Raffaele, E. (2019). Flammability of Patagonian invaders and natives: When exotic plant species affect live fine fuel ignitability in wildland-urban interfaces. Landscape and Urban Planning, 189, 1-10.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Blackhall2019","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"heat released per mass (°C s/g): 1571","score":{"value":1571,"scale":"FLAMITS — heat released per mass (°C s/g)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 955; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Blackhall2019-1; sampling february. Primary study Blackhall2019: Blackhall, M., & Raffaele, E. (2019). Flammability of Patagonian invaders and natives: When exotic plant species affect live fine fuel ignitability in wildland-urban interfaces. Landscape and Urban Planning, 189, 1-10.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Blackhall2019","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 40","score":{"value":40,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 4025; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Gowda2021-1; sampling november to february. Primary study Gowda2021: Gowda, J. H., Blackhall, M., Shipley, L., Kitzberger, T., & Tiribelli, F. (2022). Are digestibility and flammability related? Two variables shaping landscape dynamics of Northwestern Patagonian forests. Forest Ecology and Management, 503, 119810.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Gowda2021","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"flaming duration (s): 20","score":{"value":20,"scale":"FLAMITS — flaming duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 4033; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Gowda2021-1; sampling november to february. Primary study Gowda2021: Gowda, J. H., Blackhall, M., Shipley, L., Kitzberger, T., & Tiribelli, F. (2022). Are digestibility and flammability related? Two variables shaping landscape dynamics of Northwestern Patagonian forests. Forest Ecology and Management, 503, 119810.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Gowda2021","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"maximum flame temperature (°C): 182.5","score":{"value":182.5,"scale":"FLAMITS — maximum flame temperature (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 4041; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Gowda2021-1; sampling november to february. Primary study Gowda2021: Gowda, J. H., Blackhall, M., Shipley, L., Kitzberger, T., & Tiribelli, F. (2022). Are digestibility and flammability related? Two variables shaping landscape dynamics of Northwestern Patagonian forests. Forest Ecology and Management, 503, 119810.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Gowda2021","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"heat released per mass (°C s/g): 953","score":{"value":953,"scale":"FLAMITS — heat released per mass (°C s/g)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 4049; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Gowda2021-1; sampling november to february. Primary study Gowda2021: Gowda, J. H., Blackhall, M., Shipley, L., Kitzberger, T., & Tiribelli, F. (2022). Are digestibility and flammability related? Two variables shaping landscape dynamics of Northwestern Patagonian forests. Forest Ecology and Management, 503, 119810.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Gowda2021","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"}],"flammabilityClass":"mixed-evidence","ratingReason":"limited-evidence","recommendation":"candidate","author":"grayson-graham","reviewStatus":"draft","lastVerified":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z","reviewNotes":"FLAMITS measurements are retained as non-voting evidence; the database publishes no cross-variable directional threshold."},"localAssessmentInputs":{"stateDistribution":[],"nativeStates":[],"rangeAssertions":[],"usdaZoneMin":null,"usdaZoneMax":null,"hardinessAssertions":[],"hardinessSelection":{"status":"none","assertions":[]},"invasiveIn":[],"statusAssertions":[],"fireEvidenceClass":"mixed-evidence","recommendation":"candidate","fireSourceScopes":[],"firePerformanceConditions":[],"maintenanceAssertions":[],"maintenanceConditions":null,"regulatoryReviews":{},"seedReviews":{}},"legacyCompatibilityProjection":{"nativeStates":[],"invasiveIn":[]},"localAssessmentContract":"Compare each dimension separately. State noxious-weed seed designations are material-scoped and never become non-seed plant restrictions, ecological-invasive findings, nursery restrictions, alternatives, product evidence, or fire votes. Introduced/established context is not an invasive warning. Minimum-only hardiness has no inferred maximum; canonical source-temperature conversion is validated and contradictory applicable rows project no primary zone. L48 context applies only to conterminous states and is never exact-state status. Fire-performance conditions are not maintenance advice. FEIS fire-ecology context does not vote in the plant classification. Absence of a status row is not regulatory clearance."}