{"id":"rudbeckia-hirta-hybrid","license":"CC-BY-4.0","data":{"scientificName":"Rudbeckia hirta hybrid","commonNames":["Rudbeckia"],"taxonRank":"species","acceptedName":"Rudbeckia hirta","family":"Asteraceae","ids":{"usdaSymbol":"RUHI2","gbifKey":3114225,"itisTsn":36765,"wikidataQid":"Q2532820","inatTaxonId":62741},"usdaZoneMin":"4b","zoneSource":"usda-plants","states":["AK","AL","AR","CA","CO","CT","DC","DE","FL","GA","IA","ID","IL","IN","KS","KY","LA","MA","MD","ME","MI","MN","MO","MS","MT","NC","ND","NE","NH","NJ","NM","NY","OH","OK","OR","PA","RI","SC","SD","TN","TX","UT","VA","VT","WA","WI","WV","WY"],"hardinessAssertions":[{"minimum":"3","maximum":"9","interpretation":"explicit-range","precision":"whole-zone","zoneMapping":"source-stated","applicability":"applicable","source":"dovetail-ne-minnesota","sourceRecordId":"table-2-row-4","sourceTaxon":"Rudbeckia hirta","taxonMatch":"accepted-name","sourcePlacement":"Table 2 row 4, Hardiness Zones column","sourceVersion":"2017","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z"},{"minimum":"3","maximum":"7","interpretation":"explicit-range","precision":"whole-zone","zoneMapping":"source-stated","applicability":"applicable","source":"osu-em-9103","sourceTaxon":"Rudbeckia hirta","taxonMatch":"exact","sourcePlacement":"Black-eyed Susan profile (PDF page 33)","sourceVersion":"EM 9103, February 2015","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z"},{"minimum":"4","maximum":"9","interpretation":"explicit-range","precision":"whole-zone","zoneMapping":"source-stated","applicability":"applicable","source":"pnw-590","sourceRecordId":"perennials:Black-eyed Susan","sourceTaxon":"Rudbeckia hirta","taxonMatch":"accepted-name","sourcePlacement":"Black-eyed Susan profile, USDA hardiness zones field","sourceVersion":"2023-10","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z"},{"minimum":"4b","interpretation":"minimum-threshold","precision":"half-zone","zoneMapping":"derived-containing-band","sourceMeasurement":{"kind":"minimum-temperature","value":-23,"unit":"degrees-fahrenheit"},"applicability":"uncertain","applicabilityNotes":"USDA PLANTS lists duration as Annual / Biennial / Perennial; its minimum-temperature definition does not apply to summer annuals.","source":"usda-plants-characteristics","sourceRecordId":"RUHI2","sourceTaxon":"Rudbeckia hirta hybrid","taxonMatch":"source-identifier","sourcePlacement":"PlantCharacteristics record 39478, Temperature, Minimum (°F)","sourceVersion":"PLANTS Help Document 2022; characteristics cache retrieved 2026-08-23","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z"}],"plantForm":"perennial","matureHeightFt":1,"waterNeed":"moderate","photo":{"file":"/images/plants/rudbeckia-hirta-hybrid.jpg","sourceUrl":"https://www.inaturalist.org/photos/8496825","observationUrl":"https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/6699311","license":"cc-by","attribution":"(c) Alison Northup, some rights reserved (CC BY)","fetchedOn":"2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z"},"evidence":[{"source":"idaho-firewise-master-db","verdict":"mixed","verdictRaw":"fire-resistance score 7 of 10","score":{"value":7,"scale":"idaho-0-10"},"sourcePlacement":{"value":"plantable at 40' from home","scheme":"idaho-distance"},"url":"https://idahofirewise.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/FireXResistanceXofXPlantsXMasterXDatabase.pdf","accessedOn":"2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"osu-em-9103","verdict":"recommend","verdictRaw":"fire-resistant plants that thrive in Willamette Valley growing conditions","claims":"The perennials profile lists Rudbeckia hirta as Black-eyed Susan. The profile prints USDA Hardiness Zone: 3–7.","plantPart":"whole-plant","sourcePlacement":{"value":"Black-eyed Susan profile (PDF page 33)","scheme":"osu-em-9103-profile"},"edition":"EM 9103, February 2015","url":"https://www.canbyfire.org/files/074d2a9e3/Fire-Resistant-Plants_Willamette-Valley.pdf","documentDate":"2015-02-01T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"osu-plant-profile-galleries","verdict":"recommend","verdictRaw":"Choose the right perennial plants for your fire-resistant landscape","claims":"The Black-eyed Susan profile prints Rudbeckia fulgida or Rudbeckia hirta. The gallery points to PNW 590 for complete details.","plantPart":"whole-plant","sourcePlacement":{"value":"Black-eyed Susan — Rudbeckia hirta","scheme":"osu-2023-perennials-gallery"},"edition":"November 2023 educational gallery","url":"https://extension.oregonstate.edu/gallery/fire-resistant-plant-profiles-perennials","documentDate":"2023-11-01T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"}],"flammabilityClass":"fire-resistant","ratingReason":"limited-evidence","recommendation":"on-list","author":"grayson-graham","reviewStatus":"draft","lastVerified":"2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z","reviewNotes":"Photo auto-selected (top-voted iNat); human review pending."},"localAssessmentInputs":{"stateDistribution":["AK","AL","AR","CA","CO","CT","DC","DE","FL","GA","IA","ID","IL","IN","KS","KY","LA","MA","MD","ME","MI","MN","MO","MS","MT","NC","ND","NE","NH","NJ","NM","NY","OH","OK","OR","PA","RI","SC","SD","TN","TX","UT","VA","VT","WA","WI","WV","WY"],"nativeStates":[],"rangeAssertions":[{"relation":"documented-occurrence","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["AK","AL","AR","CA","CO","CT","DC","DE","FL","GA","IA","ID","IL","IN","KS","KY","LA","MA","MD","ME","MI","MN","MO","MS","MT","NC","ND","NE","NH","NJ","NM","NY","OH","OK","OR","PA","RI","SC","SD","TN","TX","UT","VA","VT","WA","WI","WV","WY"]},"provenance":"legacy-field"}],"usdaZoneMin":"4b","usdaZoneMax":null,"hardinessAssertions":[{"minimum":"3","maximum":"9","interpretation":"explicit-range","precision":"whole-zone","zoneMapping":"source-stated","applicability":"applicable","source":"dovetail-ne-minnesota","sourceRecordId":"table-2-row-4","sourceTaxon":"Rudbeckia hirta","taxonMatch":"accepted-name","sourcePlacement":"Table 2 row 4, Hardiness Zones column","sourceVersion":"2017","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"},{"minimum":"3","maximum":"7","interpretation":"explicit-range","precision":"whole-zone","zoneMapping":"source-stated","applicability":"applicable","source":"osu-em-9103","sourceTaxon":"Rudbeckia hirta","taxonMatch":"exact","sourcePlacement":"Black-eyed Susan profile (PDF page 33)","sourceVersion":"EM 9103, February 2015","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"},{"minimum":"4","maximum":"9","interpretation":"explicit-range","precision":"whole-zone","zoneMapping":"source-stated","applicability":"applicable","source":"pnw-590","sourceRecordId":"perennials:Black-eyed Susan","sourceTaxon":"Rudbeckia hirta","taxonMatch":"accepted-name","sourcePlacement":"Black-eyed Susan profile, USDA hardiness zones field","sourceVersion":"2023-10","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"},{"minimum":"4b","interpretation":"minimum-threshold","precision":"half-zone","zoneMapping":"derived-containing-band","sourceMeasurement":{"kind":"minimum-temperature","value":-23,"unit":"degrees-fahrenheit"},"applicability":"uncertain","applicabilityNotes":"USDA PLANTS lists duration as Annual / Biennial / Perennial; its minimum-temperature definition does not apply to summer annuals.","source":"usda-plants-characteristics","sourceRecordId":"RUHI2","sourceTaxon":"Rudbeckia hirta hybrid","taxonMatch":"source-identifier","sourcePlacement":"PlantCharacteristics record 39478, Temperature, Minimum (°F)","sourceVersion":"PLANTS Help Document 2022; characteristics cache retrieved 2026-08-23","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"}],"hardinessSelection":{"status":"overlapping","assertions":[{"minimum":"3","maximum":"9","interpretation":"explicit-range","precision":"whole-zone","zoneMapping":"source-stated","applicability":"applicable","source":"dovetail-ne-minnesota","sourceRecordId":"table-2-row-4","sourceTaxon":"Rudbeckia hirta","taxonMatch":"accepted-name","sourcePlacement":"Table 2 row 4, Hardiness Zones column","sourceVersion":"2017","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"},{"minimum":"3","maximum":"7","interpretation":"explicit-range","precision":"whole-zone","zoneMapping":"source-stated","applicability":"applicable","source":"osu-em-9103","sourceTaxon":"Rudbeckia hirta","taxonMatch":"exact","sourcePlacement":"Black-eyed Susan profile (PDF page 33)","sourceVersion":"EM 9103, February 2015","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"},{"minimum":"4","maximum":"9","interpretation":"explicit-range","precision":"whole-zone","zoneMapping":"source-stated","applicability":"applicable","source":"pnw-590","sourceRecordId":"perennials:Black-eyed Susan","sourceTaxon":"Rudbeckia hirta","taxonMatch":"accepted-name","sourcePlacement":"Black-eyed Susan profile, USDA hardiness zones field","sourceVersion":"2023-10","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"}]},"invasiveIn":[],"statusAssertions":[],"fireEvidenceClass":"fire-resistant","recommendation":"on-list","fireSourceScopes":[{"source":"idaho-firewise-master-db","sourceName":"Fire Resistance of Plants Master Database","sourceUrl":"https://idahofirewise.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/FireXResistanceXofXPlantsXMasterXDatabase.pdf","geography":{"grain":"aggregate-region","stateCodes":["ID"],"regions":["Southern Idaho"]},"completeness":"partial","reviewStatus":"reviewed","scope":"The official database labels itself \"For Southern Idaho\" and describes Idaho residents at the urban-rangeland interface. FireApproved publishes 419 existing plant owners that cite its scored rows. This bounded Southern Idaho scope is regional context, not statewide coverage or a conclusion that the score transfers unchanged to every Idaho site.","sourceVersion":"Idaho-Firewise-Southern-Idaho-Master-2013-11-08","asOf":"2013-11-08T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"osu-em-9103","sourceName":"Fire-resistant Landscape Plants for the Willamette Valley (EM 9103)","sourceUrl":"https://www.canbyfire.org/files/074d2a9e3/Fire-Resistant-Plants_Willamette-Valley.pdf","geography":{"grain":"aggregate-region","stateCodes":["OR"],"regions":["Willamette Valley"]},"completeness":"partial","reviewStatus":"reviewed","scope":"OSU Extension says EM 9103 highlights fire-resistant plants that thrive under Willamette Valley growing conditions. FireApproved publishes 172 exact owners only as valley context. The guide shares the PNW 590 lineage and is not a second independent vote or statewide site clearance.","sourceVersion":"OSU-EM-9103-2015-02","asOf":"2015-02-01T00:00:00.000Z"}],"firePerformanceConditions":[],"maintenanceAssertions":[],"maintenanceConditions":null,"regulatoryReviews":{},"seedReviews":{}},"legacyCompatibilityProjection":{"nativeStates":[],"invasiveIn":[]},"localAssessmentContract":"Compare each dimension separately. State noxious-weed seed designations are material-scoped and never become non-seed plant restrictions, ecological-invasive findings, nursery restrictions, alternatives, product evidence, or fire votes. Introduced/established context is not an invasive warning. Minimum-only hardiness has no inferred maximum; canonical source-temperature conversion is validated and contradictory applicable rows project no primary zone. L48 context applies only to conterminous states and is never exact-state status. Fire-performance conditions are not maintenance advice. FEIS fire-ecology context does not vote in the plant classification. Absence of a status row is not regulatory clearance."}