{"id":"quercus-garryana","license":"CC-BY-4.0","data":{"scientificName":"Quercus garryana","commonNames":["Oregon white oak"],"taxonRank":"species","acceptedName":"Quercus garryana","family":"Fagaceae","ids":{"usdaSymbol":"QUGA4","gbifKey":2879260,"itisTsn":19340,"wikidataQid":"Q2029492","inatTaxonId":68632},"usdaZoneMin":"6a","usdaZoneMax":"9b","zoneSource":"pnw590","states":["CA","ID","OR","WA"],"rangeAssertions":[{"relation":"native","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["CA"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 76 — Southwestern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 CAL — California"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z"},{"relation":"native","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["OR"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 73 — Northwestern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 ORE — Oregon"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z"},{"relation":"native","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["WA"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 73 — Northwestern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 WAS — Washington"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z"}],"hardinessAssertions":[{"minimum":"6","maximum":"9","interpretation":"explicit-range","precision":"whole-zone","zoneMapping":"source-stated","applicability":"applicable","source":"pnw-590","sourceRecordId":"trees:Oregon white oak","sourceTaxon":"Quercus garryana","taxonMatch":"exact","sourcePlacement":"Oregon white oak profile, USDA hardiness zones field","sourceVersion":"2023-10","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z"},{"minimum":"3b","interpretation":"minimum-threshold","precision":"half-zone","zoneMapping":"derived-containing-band","sourceMeasurement":{"kind":"minimum-temperature","value":-33,"unit":"degrees-fahrenheit"},"applicability":"applicable","source":"usda-plants-characteristics","sourceRecordId":"QUGA4","sourceTaxon":"Quercus garryana","taxonMatch":"source-identifier","sourcePlacement":"PlantCharacteristics record 70279, Temperature, Minimum (°F)","sourceVersion":"PLANTS Help Document 2022; characteristics cache retrieved 2026-08-23","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z"}],"plantForm":"tree","matureHeightFt":80,"waterNeed":"low","fireEcologyContexts":[{"source":"usfs-feis","sourceRecordId":"QUEGAR","sourceTaxon":"Quercus garryana","taxonMatch":"exact-scientific-name","reviewTitle":"Quercus garryana, Oregon white oak","reviewWritten":"2007-04","pageLastUpdated":"2026-02-03T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://research.fs.usda.gov/feis/species-reviews/quegar","catalogVersion":"feis-species-reviews-2026-08-26-sha256-904b6f178d41","assertions":[{"dimension":"immediate-fire-effect","statement":"Mature trees in open woodland usually withstand surface fire, but severe fire carried by a dense understory can occasionally kill them.","section":"Immediate Fire Effects","anchor":"management"},{"dimension":"postfire-response","statement":"Top-killed trees can regenerate rapidly from roots or the root crown, while acorn survival depends on where the seed was during fire.","section":"Plant Response to Fire","anchor":"management"},{"dimension":"management","statement":"FEIS cautions that urban proximity, sensitive species, nonnative plants, and understory composition complicate the use of prescribed fire in oak habitats.","section":"Fire Management Considerations","anchor":"management"}]}],"photo":{"file":"/images/plants/quercus-garryana.jpg","sourceUrl":"https://www.inaturalist.org/photos/166328135","observationUrl":"https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/99736291","license":"cc-by","attribution":"(c) Fern, some rights reserved (CC BY)","fetchedOn":"2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z"},"evidence":[{"source":"pnw-590","verdict":"recommend","verdictRaw":"listed fire-resistant","edition":"2023","url":"https://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog/pub/pnw-590-fire-resistant-plants-home-landscapes","documentDate":"2023-10-01T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"wa-dnr-eastern-wa","verdict":"recommend","verdictRaw":"listed fire-resistant","url":"https://www.dnr.wa.gov/publications/rp_fire_resistant_plants_guide_easternwa.pdf","accessedOn":"2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"firesmart-bc","verdict":"recommend","verdictRaw":"FireSmart-approved fire-resistant plant","claims":"Flagged by FireSmart BC as needing more research.","original":"pnw-590","url":"https://firesmartbc.ca/landscaping-hub/fire-resistant-plants/","accessedOn":"2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"fitzgerald-waldo-2002-osu-frn6","verdict":"recommend","verdictRaw":"Fire-Resistant Plant Materials for Oregon","claims":"Quercus garryana (Oregon white oak) is listed under “Trees—deciduous” for Southern and Western Oregon. The guide says most listed plants require some irrigation during Oregon's dry summer months and must be maintained in a healthy condition.","plantPart":"whole-plant","condition":"green","sourcePlacement":{"value":"Southern and Western Oregon","scheme":"osu-frn6-oregon-regions"},"edition":"Forest Resource Note No. 6","url":"https://www.iatp.org/sites/default/files/Fire_Resistant_Plants_for_Oregon_Home_Landscap.pdf","documentDate":"2002-04-01T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"osu-plant-profile-galleries","verdict":"recommend","verdictRaw":"Choose the right trees for your fire-resistant landscape","claims":"The Oregon white oak profile prints Quercus garryana. The gallery points to PNW 590 for complete details.","plantPart":"whole-plant","sourcePlacement":{"value":"Oregon white oak — Quercus garryana","scheme":"osu-2023-trees-gallery"},"edition":"November 2023 educational gallery","url":"https://extension.oregonstate.edu/gallery/fire-resistant-plant-profiles-trees","documentDate":"2023-11-01T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"flame height (cm): 76","score":{"value":76,"scale":"FLAMITS — flame height (cm)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 3234; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Engber2012-1; sampling ND. Primary study Engber2012: Engber, E. A., & Varner, J. M. (2012). Patterns of flammability of the California oaks: the role of leaf traits. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 42, 1965-1975.","plantPart":"litter","original":"Engber2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"flame height (cm): 50.4","score":{"value":50.4,"scale":"FLAMITS — flame height (cm)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 3235; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Engber2012-1; sampling ND. Primary study Engber2012: Engber, E. A., & Varner, J. M. (2012). Patterns of flammability of the California oaks: the role of leaf traits. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 42, 1965-1975.","plantPart":"litter","original":"Engber2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"flaming duration (s): 41.1","score":{"value":41.1,"scale":"FLAMITS — flaming duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 3252; Sustainability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Engber2012-1; sampling ND. Primary study Engber2012: Engber, E. A., & Varner, J. M. (2012). Patterns of flammability of the California oaks: the role of leaf traits. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 42, 1965-1975.","plantPart":"litter","original":"Engber2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"flaming duration (s): 278.7","score":{"value":278.7,"scale":"FLAMITS — flaming duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 3253; Sustainability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Engber2012-1; sampling ND. Primary study Engber2012: Engber, E. A., & Varner, J. M. (2012). Patterns of flammability of the California oaks: the role of leaf traits. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 42, 1965-1975.","plantPart":"litter","original":"Engber2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"burnt biomass (%): 87.9","score":{"value":87.9,"scale":"FLAMITS — burnt biomass (%)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 3270; Consumability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Engber2012-1; sampling ND. Primary study Engber2012: Engber, E. A., & Varner, J. M. (2012). Patterns of flammability of the California oaks: the role of leaf traits. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 42, 1965-1975.","plantPart":"litter","original":"Engber2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"burnt biomass (%): 85.5","score":{"value":85.5,"scale":"FLAMITS — burnt biomass (%)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 3271; Consumability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Engber2012-1; sampling ND. Primary study Engber2012: Engber, E. A., & Varner, J. M. (2012). Patterns of flammability of the California oaks: the role of leaf traits. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 42, 1965-1975.","plantPart":"litter","original":"Engber2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"smouldering duration (s): 246.7","score":{"value":246.7,"scale":"FLAMITS — smouldering duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 3288; Sustainability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Engber2012-1; sampling ND. Primary study Engber2012: Engber, E. A., & Varner, J. M. (2012). Patterns of flammability of the California oaks: the role of leaf traits. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 42, 1965-1975.","plantPart":"litter","original":"Engber2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"smouldering duration (s): 278.7","score":{"value":278.7,"scale":"FLAMITS — smouldering duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 3289; Sustainability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Engber2012-1; sampling ND. Primary study Engber2012: Engber, E. A., & Varner, J. M. (2012). Patterns of flammability of the California oaks: the role of leaf traits. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 42, 1965-1975.","plantPart":"litter","original":"Engber2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"}],"flammabilityClass":"fire-resistant","ratingReason":"limited-evidence","recommendation":"on-list","author":"grayson-graham","reviewStatus":"draft","lastVerified":"2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z","reviewNotes":"Demoted from on-list 2026-08-23 (Phase 1 lineage audit): evidence rows do not span two verified lineage trees. Evidence retained; returns to the list when a second verified-independent Tier 1 lineage lands. Photo auto-selected (top-voted iNat); human review pending."},"localAssessmentInputs":{"stateDistribution":["CA","ID","OR","WA"],"nativeStates":[],"rangeAssertions":[{"relation":"native","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["CA"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 76 — Southwestern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 CAL — California"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"},{"relation":"native","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["OR"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 73 — Northwestern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 ORE — Oregon"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"},{"relation":"native","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["WA"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 73 — Northwestern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 WAS — Washington"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"},{"relation":"documented-occurrence","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["CA","ID","OR","WA"]},"provenance":"legacy-field"}],"usdaZoneMin":"6a","usdaZoneMax":"9b","hardinessAssertions":[{"minimum":"6","maximum":"9","interpretation":"explicit-range","precision":"whole-zone","zoneMapping":"source-stated","applicability":"applicable","source":"pnw-590","sourceRecordId":"trees:Oregon white oak","sourceTaxon":"Quercus garryana","taxonMatch":"exact","sourcePlacement":"Oregon white oak profile, USDA hardiness zones field","sourceVersion":"2023-10","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"},{"minimum":"3b","interpretation":"minimum-threshold","precision":"half-zone","zoneMapping":"derived-containing-band","sourceMeasurement":{"kind":"minimum-temperature","value":-33,"unit":"degrees-fahrenheit"},"applicability":"applicable","source":"usda-plants-characteristics","sourceRecordId":"QUGA4","sourceTaxon":"Quercus garryana","taxonMatch":"source-identifier","sourcePlacement":"PlantCharacteristics record 70279, Temperature, Minimum (°F)","sourceVersion":"PLANTS Help Document 2022; characteristics cache retrieved 2026-08-23","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"}],"hardinessSelection":{"status":"overlapping","assertions":[{"minimum":"6","maximum":"9","interpretation":"explicit-range","precision":"whole-zone","zoneMapping":"source-stated","applicability":"applicable","source":"pnw-590","sourceRecordId":"trees:Oregon white oak","sourceTaxon":"Quercus garryana","taxonMatch":"exact","sourcePlacement":"Oregon white oak profile, USDA hardiness zones field","sourceVersion":"2023-10","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"},{"minimum":"3b","interpretation":"minimum-threshold","precision":"half-zone","zoneMapping":"derived-containing-band","sourceMeasurement":{"kind":"minimum-temperature","value":-33,"unit":"degrees-fahrenheit"},"applicability":"applicable","source":"usda-plants-characteristics","sourceRecordId":"QUGA4","sourceTaxon":"Quercus garryana","taxonMatch":"source-identifier","sourcePlacement":"PlantCharacteristics record 70279, Temperature, Minimum (°F)","sourceVersion":"PLANTS Help Document 2022; characteristics cache retrieved 2026-08-23","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"}]},"invasiveIn":[],"statusAssertions":[],"fireEvidenceClass":"fire-resistant","recommendation":"on-list","fireSourceScopes":[{"source":"pnw-590","sourceName":"Fire-Resistant Plants for Home Landscapes (PNW 590)","sourceUrl":"https://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog/pub/pnw-590-fire-resistant-plants-home-landscapes","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["ID","OR","WA"]},"completeness":"partial","reviewStatus":"reviewed","scope":"The October 2023 joint Pacific Northwest Extension publication explicitly names Oregon, Washington, and Idaho and publishes more than 150 plant profiles. FireApproved has normalized 155 exact plant records from the source; publication scope does not assert that every listed plant suits every site within the three states.","sourceVersion":"PNW-590-October-2023","asOf":"2023-10-01T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"wa-dnr-eastern-wa","sourceName":"Fire-Resistant Plants for Eastern Washington","sourceUrl":"https://dnr.wa.gov/publications/rp_fire_resistant_plants_guide_easternwa.pdf","geography":{"grain":"aggregate-region","stateCodes":["WA"],"regions":["Eastern Washington"]},"completeness":"partial","reviewStatus":"reviewed","scope":"Washington DNR publishes the guide for Eastern Washington and says it compiles plants from other Firewise documents that are likely to thrive there. FireApproved publishes 46 exact owners only as eastern Washington context. The rows are corroborative, not empirical or statewide.","sourceVersion":"WA-DNR-Eastern-Washington-live-2026-08-26"}],"firePerformanceConditions":[{"condition":"green","evidence":[{"source":"fitzgerald-waldo-2002-osu-frn6","verdict":"recommend","url":"https://www.iatp.org/sites/default/files/Fire_Resistant_Plants_for_Oregon_Home_Landscap.pdf","claims":"Quercus garryana (Oregon white oak) is listed under “Trees—deciduous” for Southern and Western Oregon. The guide says most listed plants require some irrigation during Oregon's dry summer months and must be maintained in a healthy condition.","evidenceIndex":3}]}],"maintenanceAssertions":[],"maintenanceConditions":null,"regulatoryReviews":{},"seedReviews":{}},"legacyCompatibilityProjection":{"nativeStates":["CA","OR","WA"],"invasiveIn":[]},"localAssessmentContract":"Compare each dimension separately. State noxious-weed seed designations are material-scoped and never become non-seed plant restrictions, ecological-invasive findings, nursery restrictions, alternatives, product evidence, or fire votes. Introduced/established context is not an invasive warning. Minimum-only hardiness has no inferred maximum; canonical source-temperature conversion is validated and contradictory applicable rows project no primary zone. L48 context applies only to conterminous states and is never exact-state status. Fire-performance conditions are not maintenance advice. FEIS fire-ecology context does not vote in the plant classification. Absence of a status row is not regulatory clearance."}