{"id":"prunus","license":"CC-BY-4.0","data":{"scientificName":"Prunus","commonNames":["Chokecherry"],"taxonRank":"genus","acceptedName":"Prunus","family":"Rosaceae","ids":{"usdaSymbol":"PRUNU","gbifKey":3020559,"itisTsn":24762,"wikidataQid":"Q190545","inatTaxonId":47351},"usdaZoneMin":"2a","usdaZoneMax":"6b","zoneSource":"pnw590","states":["ID","OR","WA"],"hardinessAssertions":[{"minimum":"2","maximum":"6","interpretation":"explicit-range","precision":"whole-zone","zoneMapping":"source-stated","applicability":"applicable","source":"pnw-590","sourceTaxon":"Prunus","taxonMatch":"exact","sourcePlacement":"Plant profile USDA hardiness zones field","sourceVersion":"2023-10","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z"}],"plantForm":"tree","photo":{"file":"/images/plants/prunus.jpg","sourceUrl":"https://www.inaturalist.org/photos/479214457","observationUrl":"https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/266710898","license":"cc-by","attribution":"(c) Michelle W. （鍾偉瑋）, some rights reserved (CC BY)","fetchedOn":"2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z"},"evidence":[{"source":"pnw-590","verdict":"recommend","verdictRaw":"listed fire-resistant","edition":"2023","url":"https://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog/pub/pnw-590-fire-resistant-plants-home-landscapes","documentDate":"2023-10-01T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"tfs-fire-resisting","verdict":"recommend","verdictRaw":"Low Flammability","sourcePlacement":{"value":"acceptable in the Building Protection Zone","scheme":"tfs-bpz"},"edition":"2017","url":"https://www.fire.tas.gov.au/mysite/publications/1709%20Brochure.pdf","accessedOn":"2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"lsu-hammond","verdict":"recommend","verdictRaw":"recommended for firewise landscaping in Louisiana","edition":"c. 2005-2010","url":"https://www.lsuagcenter.com/portals/our_offices/research_stations/hammond/features/research-updates/firewise-landscaping","accessedOn":"2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"unr-compilation-good-plant-choices","verdict":"recommend","verdictRaw":"listed by at least two cited sources","claims":"Compilation marks: UCFPL 1997, CSU 6.305, UI Bulletin 67, MT200101AG, OSU FRN 6, USU NR/FF/002.","edition":"SP-05-16 (2005)","url":"https://extension.unr.edu/publication.aspx?PubID=4762","documentDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-24T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"msu-montguide-mt200101ag","verdict":"recommend","verdictRaw":"listed fire-resistant","claims":"Listed among fire-resistant plant species adapted to Montana.","edition":"Current as of 4/22","url":"https://extension-store.montana.edu/montguides/fire-resistant-plants-for-montana-landscapes","documentDate":"2022-04-01T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-24T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"king-county-puget-sound-2011","verdict":"recommend","verdictRaw":"Fire-resistant Landscape Plants","claims":"Listed in the source's Trees table as Prunus spp. (Cherry).","edition":"2011","url":"https://your.kingcounty.gov/dnrp/library/water-and-land/forestry/forestfire/FirewisePlantsPugetSoundBasin-2011.pdf","documentDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"ufifas-for71-fire-in-mind","verdict":"recommend","verdictRaw":"Less-Flammable Plants","claims":"The source's common-name box lists black cherry and wild plum. This record preserves only the exact genus-level identity supported by that label.","plantPart":"whole-plant","condition":"green","sourcePlacement":{"value":"inside defensible space","scheme":"ufifas-for71-defensible-space"},"edition":"FOR 71 / EDIS FR076","url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20051230192215/http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/pdffiles/FR/FR07600.pdf","documentDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"tadaki-kira-fire-classification","verdict":"mixed","verdictRaw":"小","score":{"value":1,"scale":"tadaki-kira-fire-protection-power-0-3"},"claims":"Table 10-2 prints サクラ類 in the small fire-protection-power class. The Kagoshima reproduction says highly fire-protective trees can slow spread, promote upward dispersal of heat and smoke, and intercept flying embers.","plantPart":"whole-plant","sourcePlacement":{"value":"サクラ類 — Table 10-2","scheme":"tadaki-kira-1982-fire-protection-power"},"edition":"Hito to Shinrin (1982), Table 10-2; Kagoshima web reproduction","url":"https://www.pref.kagoshima.jp/ah12/kurashi-kankyo/sumai/kankyo/hoshin3/theme10/273.html","documentDate":"1982-11-01T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"lubin-shelly-1997-ucfpl-compilation","verdict":"recommend","verdictRaw":"RECOMMENDED by 3 references for use in high fire risk areas.","claims":"1997 Landscape Vegetation Database row: Prunus spp. (Plum and cherry). Preserved UCFPL transcription marker: F3.","plantPart":"whole-plant","sourcePlacement":{"value":"Chapter 4, Landscape Vegetation Database","scheme":"ucfpl-1997"},"edition":"Internal Report 36.01.137 (July 1997)","url":"https://www.firesafemonterey.org/uploads/1/0/6/5/10653434/uc_forestproductslabdefensiblespaceplantlist_ocr.pdf","documentDate":"1997-07-01T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"yavapai-34","verdict":"recommend","verdictRaw":"Fire-Resistant Plants","claims":"Listed as Pear (ornamental) — Prunus sp.; Purple leaf plum — Prunus sp.. The bulletin says fire-resistant plants tend to resist ignition when irrigated and maintained, while fire-prone plants may ignite readily and burn intensely.","plantPart":"whole-plant","edition":"v1.2","url":"https://www.extension.arizona.edu/sites/default/files/2025-03/FirewisePlants3-14-2025.pdf","documentDate":"2025-03-14T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"scfc-fire-smart-plant-list","verdict":"recommend","verdictRaw":"LESS Flammable Plants with some fire resistance","claims":"Listed as Cherry; Plum. The source says highly flammable plants ignite faster and burn readily; less flammable plants have some fire resistance.","plantPart":"whole-plant","sourcePlacement":{"value":"TREES","scheme":"SCFC Fire Smart plant-form sections"},"edition":"2005 brochure","url":"https://www.scfc.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/ignition-resistant-landscaping-plant-list.pdf","documentDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"}],"flammabilityClass":"fire-resistant","ratingReason":"consensus","recommendation":"on-list","author":"grayson-graham","reviewStatus":"draft","lastVerified":"2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z","reviewNotes":"Photo auto-selected (top-voted iNat); human review pending."},"localAssessmentInputs":{"stateDistribution":["ID","OR","WA"],"nativeStates":[],"rangeAssertions":[{"relation":"documented-occurrence","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["ID","OR","WA"]},"provenance":"legacy-field"}],"usdaZoneMin":"2a","usdaZoneMax":"6b","hardinessAssertions":[{"minimum":"2","maximum":"6","interpretation":"explicit-range","precision":"whole-zone","zoneMapping":"source-stated","applicability":"applicable","source":"pnw-590","sourceTaxon":"Prunus","taxonMatch":"exact","sourcePlacement":"Plant profile USDA hardiness zones field","sourceVersion":"2023-10","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"}],"hardinessSelection":{"status":"selected","assertion":{"minimum":"2","maximum":"6","interpretation":"explicit-range","precision":"whole-zone","zoneMapping":"source-stated","applicability":"applicable","source":"pnw-590","sourceTaxon":"Prunus","taxonMatch":"exact","sourcePlacement":"Plant profile USDA hardiness zones field","sourceVersion":"2023-10","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"},"assertions":[{"minimum":"2","maximum":"6","interpretation":"explicit-range","precision":"whole-zone","zoneMapping":"source-stated","applicability":"applicable","source":"pnw-590","sourceTaxon":"Prunus","taxonMatch":"exact","sourcePlacement":"Plant profile USDA hardiness zones field","sourceVersion":"2023-10","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"}]},"invasiveIn":[],"statusAssertions":[],"fireEvidenceClass":"fire-resistant","recommendation":"on-list","fireSourceScopes":[{"source":"king-county-puget-sound-2011","sourceName":"Firewise Plants for the Puget Sound Basin","sourceUrl":"https://your.kingcounty.gov/dnrp/library/water-and-land/forestry/forestfire/FirewisePlantsPugetSoundBasin-2011.pdf","geography":{"grain":"aggregate-region","stateCodes":["WA"],"regions":["Puget Sound Basin"]},"completeness":"partial","reviewStatus":"reviewed","scope":"King County's current wildfire page links this list for the Puget Sound Basin. FireApproved publishes 82 exact source owners as basin context, not statewide Washington guidance or a site-specific recommendation.","sourceVersion":"King-County-Puget-Sound-Basin-2011","asOf":"2011-01-01T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"lsu-hammond","sourceName":"Firewise Landscaping (Hammond Research Station)","sourceUrl":"https://www.lsuagcenter.com/portals/our_offices/research_stations/hammond/features/research-updates/firewise-landscaping","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["LA"]},"completeness":"partial","reviewStatus":"reviewed","scope":"LSU AgCenter calls these 31 ornamentals commonly used in Louisiana and recommended for Louisiana firewise landscaping efforts. FireApproved publishes 31 exact source owners, mostly at the source's genus grain. Undocumented curation remains corroborative and is not site suitability.","sourceVersion":"LSU-Hammond-Firewise-Landscaping-2008-12-02","asOf":"2008-12-02T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"lubin-shelly-1997-ucfpl-compilation","sourceName":"Defensible Space Landscaping in the Urban/Wildland Interface: A Compilation of Fire Performance Ratings of Residential Landscape Plants","sourceUrl":"https://www.firesafemonterey.org/uploads/1/0/6/5/10653434/uc_forestproductslabdefensiblespaceplantlist_ocr.pdf","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["CA"]},"completeness":"partial","reviewStatus":"reviewed","scope":"The UC Forest Products Laboratory says the guide covers properties of common California landscaping plants and was prepared for California fire agencies. FireApproved publishes 130 exact owners at historical California publication scope. The report is a 1997 compilation, not a current endorsement, site rating, or independent test of every row.","sourceVersion":"UCFPL-Internal-Report-36.01.137-1997-07","asOf":"1997-07-01T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"msu-montguide-mt200101ag","sourceName":"Fire-Resistant Plants for Montana Landscapes (MontGuide MT200101AG)","sourceUrl":"https://extension-store.montana.edu/montguides/fire-resistant-plants-for-montana-landscapes","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["MT"]},"completeness":"partial","reviewStatus":"reviewed","scope":"The April 2022 MontGuide explicitly presents fire-resistant species adapted to Montana. FireApproved publishes 92 exact plant records from the source while retaining excluded genus, family, and unresolved rows; the guide itself says not every listed species grows in every part of the state.","sourceVersion":"MT200101AG-current-2022-04","asOf":"2022-04-01T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"pnw-590","sourceName":"Fire-Resistant Plants for Home Landscapes (PNW 590)","sourceUrl":"https://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog/pub/pnw-590-fire-resistant-plants-home-landscapes","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["ID","OR","WA"]},"completeness":"partial","reviewStatus":"reviewed","scope":"The October 2023 joint Pacific Northwest Extension publication explicitly names Oregon, Washington, and Idaho and publishes more than 150 plant profiles. FireApproved has normalized 155 exact plant records from the source; publication scope does not assert that every listed plant suits every site within the three states.","sourceVersion":"PNW-590-October-2023","asOf":"2023-10-01T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"scfc-fire-smart-plant-list","sourceName":"Landscaping Can Be Attractive & FIREWISE (Fire Smart Plant List for SC)","sourceUrl":"https://www.scfc.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/ignition-resistant-landscaping-plant-list.pdf","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["SC"]},"completeness":"partial","reviewStatus":"reviewed","scope":"South Carolina Forestry Commission publishes this explicitly as its Fire Smart Plant List for South Carolina. FireApproved publishes 63 exact genus owners from 72 unique common-name labels; unsafe common-name mappings and duplicates are not broadened. The brochure calls the list non-inclusive and does not establish species-level or site-specific suitability.","sourceVersion":"SCFC-Fire-Smart-Plant-List-2005"},{"source":"unr-compilation-good-plant-choices","sourceName":"A Compilation of Good Plant Choices for Nevada's High Fire Hazard Areas (SP-05-16)","sourceUrl":"https://extension.unr.edu/publication.aspx?PubID=4762","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["NV"]},"completeness":"partial","reviewStatus":"reviewed","scope":"University of Nevada Cooperative Extension compiled plants suited to Nevada climate zones and reported favorably by at least two upstream firewise lists. FireApproved publishes 126 exact source owners at Nevada publication scope. The source explicitly makes no independent flammability determination, so these rows remain corroborative.","sourceVersion":"UNR-Extension-SP-05-16-2005","asOf":"2005-01-01T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"yavapai-34","sourceName":"Fire-Resistant and Fire-Prone Plants Common to Yavapai County (Bulletin 34)","sourceUrl":"https://www.extension.arizona.edu/sites/default/files/2025-03/FirewisePlants3-14-2025.pdf","geography":{"grain":"aggregate-region","stateCodes":["AZ"],"regions":["Yavapai County"]},"completeness":"partial","reviewStatus":"reviewed","scope":"University of Arizona Cooperative Extension authors Bulletin 34 for Yavapai County. FireApproved publishes 198 exact source owners from its resistant and prone tables and keeps the county boundary visible. County publication scope is regional Arizona context, never statewide scope.","sourceVersion":"UA-Yavapai-Bulletin-34-v1.2-2025-03-14","asOf":"2025-03-14T00:00:00.000Z"}],"firePerformanceConditions":[{"condition":"green","evidence":[{"source":"ufifas-for71-fire-in-mind","verdict":"recommend","url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20051230192215/http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/pdffiles/FR/FR07600.pdf","claims":"The source's common-name box lists black cherry and wild plum. This record preserves only the exact genus-level identity supported by that label.","evidenceIndex":6}]}],"maintenanceAssertions":[],"maintenanceConditions":null,"regulatoryReviews":{},"seedReviews":{}},"legacyCompatibilityProjection":{"nativeStates":[],"invasiveIn":[],"usdaZoneMin":"2","usdaZoneMax":"6"},"localAssessmentContract":"Compare each dimension separately. State noxious-weed seed designations are material-scoped and never become non-seed plant restrictions, ecological-invasive findings, nursery restrictions, alternatives, product evidence, or fire votes. Introduced/established context is not an invasive warning. Minimum-only hardiness has no inferred maximum; canonical source-temperature conversion is validated and contradictory applicable rows project no primary zone. L48 context applies only to conterminous states and is never exact-state status. Fire-performance conditions are not maintenance advice. FEIS fire-ecology context does not vote in the plant classification. Absence of a status row is not regulatory clearance."}