{"id":"pistacia-terebinthus","license":"CC-BY-4.0","data":{"scientificName":"Pistacia terebinthus","commonNames":["Terebinth","Turpentine tree"],"taxonRank":"species","acceptedName":"Pistacia terebinthus","family":"Anacardiaceae","ids":{"usdaSymbol":"PITE10","gbifKey":3190580,"itisTsn":506469,"wikidataQid":"Q63045","inatTaxonId":81870},"regions":["Italy","Turkey","Valencia, Spain"],"plantForm":"shrub","photo":{"file":"/images/plants/pistacia-terebinthus.jpg","sourceUrl":"https://www.inaturalist.org/photos/55227947","observationUrl":"https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/35040456","license":"cc-by-sa","attribution":"(c) Grzegorz Grzejszczak, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA)","fetchedOn":"2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z"},"evidence":[{"source":"gva-valencia","verdict":"recommend","verdictRaw":"recommended low-flammability species (shrubs, native/forest column)","claimOriginal":"especies recomendadas","edition":"2019","url":"https://www.leliana.es/sites/www.leliana.es/files/files/Jardineria%20de%20baja%20inflamabilidad.pdf","accessedOn":"2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"girona-pirojardineria-2020","verdict":"recommend","verdictRaw":"MUY RECOMENDADA","claims":"Pistacia terebinthus is rated “MUY RECOMENDADA” by the guide's qualitative IUF garden-suitability method. The method assumes species-specific care and integrates fire evidence with fuel structure, maintenance, origin, invasiveness, and expert fire-service experience.","sourcePlacement":{"value":"suitable inside or outside the 25-metre maximum-risk zone","scheme":"girona-2020-iuf-25m-suitability"},"edition":"2020 Spanish edition","url":"https://interior.gencat.cat/web/.content/home/030_arees_dactuacio/bombers/foc_forestal/publicacions_tecniques_i_normativa/guies_tecniques/prevencio_i_extincio/2020_Guia_de_pirojardineria_es.pdf","documentDate":"2020-01-01T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 13.45","score":{"value":13.45,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10533; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Petriccione2006-1; sampling july to august. Primary study Petriccione2006: Petriccione, M. (2006). Infiammabilità della lettiera di diverse specie vegetali di ambiente mediterráneo. Tesi Di Dottorato. Università Degli Studi Di Napoli Federico II.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Petriccione2006","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"burning duration (s): 5.1","score":{"value":5.1,"scale":"FLAMITS — burning duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10534; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Petriccione2006-1; sampling july to august. Primary study Petriccione2006: Petriccione, M. (2006). Infiammabilità della lettiera di diverse specie vegetali di ambiente mediterráneo. Tesi Di Dottorato. Università Degli Studi Di Napoli Federico II.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Petriccione2006","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"ignition frequency (%): 20","score":{"value":20,"scale":"FLAMITS — ignition frequency (%)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10535; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Petriccione2006-1; sampling july to august. Primary study Petriccione2006: Petriccione, M. (2006). Infiammabilità della lettiera di diverse specie vegetali di ambiente mediterráneo. Tesi Di Dottorato. Università Degli Studi Di Napoli Federico II.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Petriccione2006","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"flammability value: 1","score":{"value":1,"scale":"FLAMITS — flammability value"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10536; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Petriccione2006-1; sampling july to august. Primary study Petriccione2006: Petriccione, M. (2006). Infiammabilità della lettiera di diverse specie vegetali di ambiente mediterráneo. Tesi Di Dottorato. Università Degli Studi Di Napoli Federico II.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Petriccione2006","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"temperature at flaming (°C): 368.1","score":{"value":368.1,"scale":"FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 16660; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Guney2022-1; sampling may and september 2017. Primary study Guney2022: Güney, C. O., Sar?, A., Cekim, H. O., Küçüksille, E. U., ?entürk, Ö., Gülsoy, S., & Özkan, K. (2022). An advanced approach for leaf flammability index estimation. International journal of wildland fire, 31, 277-290.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Guney2022","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 13.5","score":{"value":13.5,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 16661; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Guney2022-1; sampling may and september 2017. Primary study Guney2022: Güney, C. O., Sar?, A., Cekim, H. O., Küçüksille, E. U., ?entürk, Ö., Gülsoy, S., & Özkan, K. (2022). An advanced approach for leaf flammability index estimation. International journal of wildland fire, 31, 277-290.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Guney2022","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"flame height (cm): 55.6","score":{"value":55.6,"scale":"FLAMITS — flame height (cm)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 16662; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Guney2022-1; sampling may and september 2017. Primary study Guney2022: Güney, C. O., Sar?, A., Cekim, H. O., Küçüksille, E. U., ?entürk, Ö., Gülsoy, S., & Özkan, K. (2022). An advanced approach for leaf flammability index estimation. International journal of wildland fire, 31, 277-290.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Guney2022","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"burning duration (s): 11.2","score":{"value":11.2,"scale":"FLAMITS — burning duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 16663; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Guney2022-1; sampling may and september 2017. Primary study Guney2022: Güney, C. O., Sar?, A., Cekim, H. O., Küçüksille, E. U., ?entürk, Ö., Gülsoy, S., & Özkan, K. (2022). An advanced approach for leaf flammability index estimation. International journal of wildland fire, 31, 277-290.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Guney2022","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"burnt biomass (%): 6.7","score":{"value":6.7,"scale":"FLAMITS — burnt biomass (%)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 16664; Consumability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Guney2022-1; sampling may and september 2017. Primary study Guney2022: Güney, C. O., Sar?, A., Cekim, H. O., Küçüksille, E. U., ?entürk, Ö., Gülsoy, S., & Özkan, K. (2022). An advanced approach for leaf flammability index estimation. International journal of wildland fire, 31, 277-290.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Guney2022","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"gencat-franges-perimetrals","verdict":"recommend","verdictRaw":"Cal mantenir prioritàriament les espècies menys inflamables. — Noguerola — Pistacia terebintus","claims":"The guide says to maintain this printed taxon first among the less-flammable species when opening and maintaining perimeter protection strips. Printed-name correction used for exact matching: Pistacia terebintus -> Pistacia terebinthus.","plantPart":"whole-plant","sourcePlacement":{"value":"page 4 species-selection panel","scheme":"catalonia-perimeter-strip-maintain-remove"},"edition":"2025 web edition","url":"https://www.diba.cat/documents/d/incendis/diba_franges_web","documentDate":"2025-01-01T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"ogm-yardop-circulars","verdict":"recommend","verdictRaw":"güç yanan ve rüzgar perdesi oluşturan otsu veya odunsu bitkilerden — menengiç","claims":"The YARDOP circular directs managers to preserve, encourage, or use this named taxon in fire-resistant or slow-burning forest and fire-prevention plantings.","plantPart":"whole-plant","sourcePlacement":{"value":"Yangın önleyici tesisler; Dere vejetasyonlarının korunması","scheme":"yardop-6976-operational-fire-resistant-planting"},"edition":"Circular 6976","url":"https://www.lexpera.com.tr/resmi-gazete/metin/yanan-orman-alanlarinin-rehabilitasyonu-ve-yangina-direncli-ormanlar-tesisi-projesi-20140915-2","documentDate":"2014-09-15T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"}],"flammabilityClass":"fire-resistant","ratingReason":"consensus","recommendation":"on-list","author":"grayson-graham","reviewStatus":"draft","lastVerified":"2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z","reviewNotes":"Photo auto-selected (top-voted iNat); human review pending."},"localAssessmentInputs":{"stateDistribution":[],"nativeStates":[],"rangeAssertions":[],"usdaZoneMin":null,"usdaZoneMax":null,"hardinessAssertions":[],"hardinessSelection":{"status":"none","assertions":[]},"invasiveIn":[],"statusAssertions":[],"fireEvidenceClass":"fire-resistant","recommendation":"on-list","fireSourceScopes":[],"firePerformanceConditions":[],"maintenanceAssertions":[],"maintenanceConditions":null,"regulatoryReviews":{},"seedReviews":{}},"legacyCompatibilityProjection":{"nativeStates":[],"invasiveIn":[]},"localAssessmentContract":"Compare each dimension separately. State noxious-weed seed designations are material-scoped and never become non-seed plant restrictions, ecological-invasive findings, nursery restrictions, alternatives, product evidence, or fire votes. Introduced/established context is not an invasive warning. Minimum-only hardiness has no inferred maximum; canonical source-temperature conversion is validated and contradictory applicable rows project no primary zone. L48 context applies only to conterminous states and is never exact-state status. Fire-performance conditions are not maintenance advice. FEIS fire-ecology context does not vote in the plant classification. Absence of a status row is not regulatory clearance."}