{"id":"pinus-contorta","license":"CC-BY-4.0","data":{"scientificName":"Pinus contorta","commonNames":["Lodgepole pine"],"taxonRank":"species","acceptedName":"Pinus contorta","family":"Pinaceae","ids":{"gbifKey":5285750},"regions":["Argentina","Chile","EE. UU.","New Zealand","Poland","Singapore"],"rangeAssertions":[{"relation":"native","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["AK"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 70 — Subarctic America","TDWG level 3 ASK — Alaska"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z"},{"relation":"native","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["CA"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 76 — Southwestern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 CAL — California"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z"},{"relation":"native","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["CO"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 73 — Northwestern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 COL — Colorado"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z"},{"relation":"native","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["ID"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 73 — Northwestern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 IDA — Idaho"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z"},{"relation":"native","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["MT"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 73 — Northwestern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 MNT — Montana"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z"},{"relation":"native","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["NV"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 76 — Southwestern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 NEV — Nevada"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z"},{"relation":"native","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["OR"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 73 — Northwestern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 ORE — Oregon"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z"},{"relation":"native","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["SD"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 74 — North-Central U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 SDA — South Dakota"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z"},{"relation":"native","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["UT"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 76 — Southwestern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 UTA — Utah"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z"},{"relation":"native","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["WA"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 73 — Northwestern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 WAS — Washington"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z"},{"relation":"native","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["WY"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 73 — Northwestern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 WYO — Wyoming"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z"}],"plantForm":"tree","photo":{"file":"/images/plants/pinus-contorta.jpg","sourceUrl":"https://www.inaturalist.org/photos/45880976","license":"cc-by","attribution":"(c) Alison Northup, some rights reserved (CC BY), uploaded by Alison Northup","fetchedOn":"2026-08-24T00:00:00.000Z"},"evidence":[{"source":"white-etal-2002-cone-update","verdict":"mixed","verdictRaw":"Measured; not in an author-named high or low relative-flammability group","score":{"value":110,"scale":"green-PHRR-kW-m2"},"claims":"Table 4 reports 115% foliage moisture, green-sample PHRR 110 kW/m2, and dry-sample EHOC 18.1 MJ/kg.","plantPart":"shoot","condition":"green","edition":"2002","url":"https://research.fs.usda.gov/download/treesearch/8596.pdf","documentDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-24T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 17.2","score":{"value":17.2,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 683; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Bianchi2019-1; sampling summer. Primary study Bianchi2019: Bianchi, L. O., Oddi, F .J., Muñoz, M., & Defossé, G. E. (2019). Comparison of leaf moisture content and ignition characteristics among native species and exotic conifers in Northwestern Patagonia, Argentina. Forest Science, 65, 375-386.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Bianchi2019","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"burning duration (s): 10","score":{"value":10,"scale":"FLAMITS — burning duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 701; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Bianchi2019-1; sampling summer. Primary study Bianchi2019: Bianchi, L. O., Oddi, F .J., Muñoz, M., & Defossé, G. E. (2019). Comparison of leaf moisture content and ignition characteristics among native species and exotic conifers in Northwestern Patagonia, Argentina. Forest Science, 65, 375-386.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Bianchi2019","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"flammability value: 3.6","score":{"value":3.6,"scale":"FLAMITS — flammability value"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 719; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Bianchi2019-1; sampling summer. Primary study Bianchi2019: Bianchi, L. O., Oddi, F .J., Muñoz, M., & Defossé, G. E. (2019). Comparison of leaf moisture content and ignition characteristics among native species and exotic conifers in Northwestern Patagonia, Argentina. Forest Science, 65, 375-386.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Bianchi2019","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"ignition frequency (%): 70","score":{"value":70,"scale":"FLAMITS — ignition frequency (%)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 737; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Bianchi2019-1; sampling summer. Primary study Bianchi2019: Bianchi, L. O., Oddi, F .J., Muñoz, M., & Defossé, G. E. (2019). Comparison of leaf moisture content and ignition characteristics among native species and exotic conifers in Northwestern Patagonia, Argentina. Forest Science, 65, 375-386.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Bianchi2019","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 32.1","score":{"value":32.1,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 824; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Blackhall2019-1; sampling february. Primary study Blackhall2019: Blackhall, M., & Raffaele, E. (2019). Flammability of Patagonian invaders and natives: When exotic plant species affect live fine fuel ignitability in wildland-urban interfaces. Landscape and Urban Planning, 189, 1-10.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Blackhall2019","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"maximum sample temperature (°C): 236","score":{"value":236,"scale":"FLAMITS — maximum sample temperature (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 855; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Blackhall2019-1; sampling february. Primary study Blackhall2019: Blackhall, M., & Raffaele, E. (2019). Flammability of Patagonian invaders and natives: When exotic plant species affect live fine fuel ignitability in wildland-urban interfaces. Landscape and Urban Planning, 189, 1-10.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Blackhall2019","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"flaming duration (s): 43.5","score":{"value":43.5,"scale":"FLAMITS — flaming duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 886; Sustainability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Blackhall2019-1; sampling february. Primary study Blackhall2019: Blackhall, M., & Raffaele, E. (2019). Flammability of Patagonian invaders and natives: When exotic plant species affect live fine fuel ignitability in wildland-urban interfaces. Landscape and Urban Planning, 189, 1-10.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Blackhall2019","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"ignition frequency (%): 47","score":{"value":47,"scale":"FLAMITS — ignition frequency (%)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 917; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Blackhall2019-1; sampling february. Primary study Blackhall2019: Blackhall, M., & Raffaele, E. (2019). Flammability of Patagonian invaders and natives: When exotic plant species affect live fine fuel ignitability in wildland-urban interfaces. Landscape and Urban Planning, 189, 1-10.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Blackhall2019","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"heat released per mass (°C s/g): 2466","score":{"value":2466,"scale":"FLAMITS — heat released per mass (°C s/g)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 948; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Blackhall2019-1; sampling february. Primary study Blackhall2019: Blackhall, M., & Raffaele, E. (2019). Flammability of Patagonian invaders and natives: When exotic plant species affect live fine fuel ignitability in wildland-urban interfaces. Landscape and Urban Planning, 189, 1-10.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Blackhall2019","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"calorific value (kcal/kg): 8617.6","score":{"value":8617.6,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 1302; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Cobar2014-1; sampling autumn. Primary study Cobar2014: Cóbar-Carranza, A. J., García, R. A., Pauchard, A., & Pena, E. (2014). Effect of Pinus contorta invasion on forest fuel properties and its potential implications on the fire regime of Araucaria araucana and Nothofagus antarctica forests. Biological Invasions, 16, 2273-2291.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Cobar2014","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"ignition frequency (%): 37.5","score":{"value":37.5,"scale":"FLAMITS — ignition frequency (%)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 1456; Ignitability measurement; plant part branches; fuel all; predrying yes; device grill; site Cui2020a-1; sampling ND. Primary study Cui2020a: Cui, X., Paterson, A. M., Wyse, S. V., Alam, M. A., Maurin, K. J. L., Pieper, R., ... Curran, T. J. (2020a). Shoot flammability of vascular plants is phylogenetically conserved and related to habitat fire-proneness and growth form. Nature Plants, 6, 355-359.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Cui2020a","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"maximum sample temperature (°C): 224.6","score":{"value":224.6,"scale":"FLAMITS — maximum sample temperature (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 1650; Combustibility measurement; plant part branches; fuel all; predrying yes; device grill; site Cui2020a-1; sampling ND. Primary study Cui2020a: Cui, X., Paterson, A. M., Wyse, S. V., Alam, M. A., Maurin, K. J. L., Pieper, R., ... Curran, T. J. (2020a). Shoot flammability of vascular plants is phylogenetically conserved and related to habitat fire-proneness and growth form. Nature Plants, 6, 355-359.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Cui2020a","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"burning duration (s): 3.6","score":{"value":3.6,"scale":"FLAMITS — burning duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 1844; Sustainability measurement; plant part branches; fuel all; predrying yes; device grill; site Cui2020a-1; sampling ND. Primary study Cui2020a: Cui, X., Paterson, A. M., Wyse, S. V., Alam, M. A., Maurin, K. J. L., Pieper, R., ... Curran, T. J. (2020a). Shoot flammability of vascular plants is phylogenetically conserved and related to habitat fire-proneness and growth form. Nature Plants, 6, 355-359.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Cui2020a","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"estimated burnt biomass (%): 5","score":{"value":5,"scale":"FLAMITS — estimated burnt biomass (%)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 2038; Consumability measurement; plant part branches; fuel all; predrying yes; device grill; site Cui2020a-1; sampling ND. Primary study Cui2020a: Cui, X., Paterson, A. M., Wyse, S. V., Alam, M. A., Maurin, K. J. L., Pieper, R., ... Curran, T. J. (2020a). Shoot flammability of vascular plants is phylogenetically conserved and related to habitat fire-proneness and growth form. Nature Plants, 6, 355-359.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Cui2020a","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 1.96","score":{"value":1.96,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 3537; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-2; sampling ND. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system.  Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Gallacher2014","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 2","score":{"value":2,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 3538; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-2; sampling ND. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system.  Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Gallacher2014","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 3.37","score":{"value":3.37,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 3539; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-2; sampling ND. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system.  Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Gallacher2014","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 2.07","score":{"value":2.07,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 3540; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-2; sampling ND. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system.  Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Gallacher2014","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 2.18","score":{"value":2.18,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 3541; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-2; sampling ND. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system.  Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Gallacher2014","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 1.4","score":{"value":1.4,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 3542; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-2; sampling ND. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system.  Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Gallacher2014","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 1.68","score":{"value":1.68,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 3543; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-2; sampling ND. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system.  Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Gallacher2014","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 2.27","score":{"value":2.27,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 3544; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-2; sampling ND. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system.  Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Gallacher2014","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"flame height (cm): 33.81","score":{"value":33.81,"scale":"FLAMITS — flame height (cm)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 3566; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-2; sampling may. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system.  Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Gallacher2014","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"flame height (cm): 22.61","score":{"value":22.61,"scale":"FLAMITS — flame height (cm)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 3567; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-2; sampling may. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system.  Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Gallacher2014","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"flame height (cm): 36.44","score":{"value":36.44,"scale":"FLAMITS — flame height (cm)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 3568; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-2; sampling may. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system.  Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Gallacher2014","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"flame height (cm): 33.75","score":{"value":33.75,"scale":"FLAMITS — flame height (cm)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 3569; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-2; sampling may. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system.  Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Gallacher2014","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"flame height (cm): 27.93","score":{"value":27.93,"scale":"FLAMITS — flame height (cm)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 3570; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-2; sampling may. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system.  Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Gallacher2014","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"flame height (cm): 33.38","score":{"value":33.38,"scale":"FLAMITS — flame height (cm)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 3571; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-2; sampling may. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system.  Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Gallacher2014","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"flame height (cm): 26.4","score":{"value":26.4,"scale":"FLAMITS — flame height (cm)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 3572; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-2; sampling may. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system.  Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Gallacher2014","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"temperature at flaming (°C): 396.4","score":{"value":396.4,"scale":"FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 3591; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-2; sampling ND. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system.  Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Gallacher2014","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"temperature at flaming (°C): 409.87","score":{"value":409.87,"scale":"FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 3592; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-2; sampling ND. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system.  Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Gallacher2014","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"temperature at flaming (°C): 330.62","score":{"value":330.62,"scale":"FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 3593; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-2; sampling ND. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system.  Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Gallacher2014","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"temperature at flaming (°C): 346.39","score":{"value":346.39,"scale":"FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 3594; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-2; sampling ND. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system.  Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Gallacher2014","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"temperature at flaming (°C): 307.72","score":{"value":307.72,"scale":"FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 3595; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-2; sampling ND. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system.  Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Gallacher2014","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"temperature at flaming (°C): 318.85","score":{"value":318.85,"scale":"FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 3596; Ignitability measurement; plant part twigs; fuel live; predrying no; device flat flame burner; site Gallacher2014-2; sampling ND. Primary study Gallacher2014: Gallacher, J. R., Lansinger, V., Hansen, S., Jack, D., Weise, D. R., & Fletcher, T. H. (2014). Effects of season and heating mode on ignition and burning behavior of three species of live fuel measured in a flat-flame burner system.  Spring Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Pasadena, CA.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Gallacher2014","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"energy flux (kW/m²): 509","score":{"value":509,"scale":"FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 5054; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Jaskolowski2014-1; sampling ND. Primary study Jaskolowski2014: Jaskólowski, W., Ogrodnik, P., & Lukaszek-Chmielewska, A. (2014). The study of time to ignition of woods under external heat flux by piloted ignition and autoignition. Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Forestry and Wood Technology, 86, 133-137.","original":"Jaskolowski2014","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"energy flux (kW/m²): 302","score":{"value":302,"scale":"FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 5057; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Jaskolowski2014-1; sampling ND. Primary study Jaskolowski2014: Jaskólowski, W., Ogrodnik, P., & Lukaszek-Chmielewska, A. (2014). The study of time to ignition of woods under external heat flux by piloted ignition and autoignition. Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Forestry and Wood Technology, 86, 133-137.","original":"Jaskolowski2014","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"energy flux (kW/m²): 59","score":{"value":59,"scale":"FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 5060; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Jaskolowski2014-1; sampling ND. Primary study Jaskolowski2014: Jaskólowski, W., Ogrodnik, P., & Lukaszek-Chmielewska, A. (2014). The study of time to ignition of woods under external heat flux by piloted ignition and autoignition. Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Forestry and Wood Technology, 86, 133-137.","original":"Jaskolowski2014","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"energy flux (kW/m²): 50","score":{"value":50,"scale":"FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 5063; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Jaskolowski2014-1; sampling ND. Primary study Jaskolowski2014: Jaskólowski, W., Ogrodnik, P., & Lukaszek-Chmielewska, A. (2014). The study of time to ignition of woods under external heat flux by piloted ignition and autoignition. Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Forestry and Wood Technology, 86, 133-137.","original":"Jaskolowski2014","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"energy flux (kW/m²): 20","score":{"value":20,"scale":"FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 5066; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Jaskolowski2014-1; sampling ND. Primary study Jaskolowski2014: Jaskólowski, W., Ogrodnik, P., & Lukaszek-Chmielewska, A. (2014). The study of time to ignition of woods under external heat flux by piloted ignition and autoignition. Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Forestry and Wood Technology, 86, 133-137.","original":"Jaskolowski2014","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"energy flux (kW/m²): 25","score":{"value":25,"scale":"FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 5069; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Jaskolowski2014-1; sampling ND. Primary study Jaskolowski2014: Jaskólowski, W., Ogrodnik, P., & Lukaszek-Chmielewska, A. (2014). The study of time to ignition of woods under external heat flux by piloted ignition and autoignition. Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Forestry and Wood Technology, 86, 133-137.","original":"Jaskolowski2014","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 46.1","score":{"value":46.1,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 5439; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site Jolly2010-1; sampling ND. Primary study Jolly2010: Jolly, M., McAllister, S., Finney, M., & Hadlow, A. (2010). Time to ignition is influenced by both moisture content and soluble carbohydrates in live Douglas fir and Lodgepole pine needles. VI International Conference on Forest Fire Research, Coimbra, Portugal.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Jolly2010","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 18.7","score":{"value":18.7,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 5440; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel all; predrying yes; device scale wind tunnel; site Jolly2012-1; sampling ND. Primary study Jolly2012: Jolly, W. M., Parsons, R. A., Hadlow, A. M., Cohn, G. M., McAllister, S. S., Popp, J. B., ... Negron, J. F. (2012). Relationships between moisture, chemistry, and ignition of Pinus contorta needles during the early stages of mountain pine beetle attack. Forest Ecology and Management, 269, 52-59.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Jolly2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 13.3","score":{"value":13.3,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 5441; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site Jolly2012-1; sampling ND. Primary study Jolly2012: Jolly, W. M., Parsons, R. A., Hadlow, A. M., Cohn, G. M., McAllister, S. S., Popp, J. B., ... Negron, J. F. (2012). Relationships between moisture, chemistry, and ignition of Pinus contorta needles during the early stages of mountain pine beetle attack. Forest Ecology and Management, 269, 52-59.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Jolly2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 35.3","score":{"value":35.3,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 5442; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site Jolly2012-1; sampling ND. Primary study Jolly2012: Jolly, W. M., Parsons, R. A., Hadlow, A. M., Cohn, G. M., McAllister, S. S., Popp, J. B., ... Negron, J. F. (2012). Relationships between moisture, chemistry, and ignition of Pinus contorta needles during the early stages of mountain pine beetle attack. Forest Ecology and Management, 269, 52-59.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Jolly2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"calorific value (kcal/kg): 5335.81","score":{"value":5335.81,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 5670; Combustibility measurement; plant part bark; fuel all; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Kelsey1979-1; sampling ND. Primary study Kelsey1979: Kelsey, R. G., Shafizadeh, F., & Lowery, D. P. (1979). Heat content of bark, twigs, and foliage of nine species of western conifers. United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Research Paper INT-261. Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Ogden, Utah.","plantPart":"bark","original":"Kelsey1979","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"calorific value (kcal/kg): 5206.84","score":{"value":5206.84,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 5671; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel all; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Kelsey1979-1; sampling ND. Primary study Kelsey1979: Kelsey, R. G., Shafizadeh, F., & Lowery, D. P. (1979). Heat content of bark, twigs, and foliage of nine species of western conifers. United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Research Paper INT-261. Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Ogden, Utah.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Kelsey1979","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"calorific value (kcal/kg): 5202.06","score":{"value":5202.06,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 5672; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel all; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Kelsey1979-1; sampling ND. Primary study Kelsey1979: Kelsey, R. G., Shafizadeh, F., & Lowery, D. P. (1979). Heat content of bark, twigs, and foliage of nine species of western conifers. United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Research Paper INT-261. Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Ogden, Utah.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Kelsey1979","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 21.24","score":{"value":21.24,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 9076; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2017-4; sampling april. Primary study McAllister2017: McAllister, S., & Weise, D. (2017). Effects of season on ignition of live wildland fuels using the forced ignition and flame spread test apparatus. Combustion Science and Technology, 189, 231-247.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2017","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 22.52","score":{"value":22.52,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 9077; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2017-4; sampling may. Primary study McAllister2017: McAllister, S., & Weise, D. (2017). Effects of season on ignition of live wildland fuels using the forced ignition and flame spread test apparatus. Combustion Science and Technology, 189, 231-247.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2017","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 24.16","score":{"value":24.16,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 9078; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2017-4; sampling june. Primary study McAllister2017: McAllister, S., & Weise, D. (2017). Effects of season on ignition of live wildland fuels using the forced ignition and flame spread test apparatus. Combustion Science and Technology, 189, 231-247.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2017","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 24.13","score":{"value":24.13,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 9079; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2017-4; sampling july. Primary study McAllister2017: McAllister, S., & Weise, D. (2017). Effects of season on ignition of live wildland fuels using the forced ignition and flame spread test apparatus. Combustion Science and Technology, 189, 231-247.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2017","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 25.33","score":{"value":25.33,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 9080; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2017-4; sampling august. Primary study McAllister2017: McAllister, S., & Weise, D. (2017). Effects of season on ignition of live wildland fuels using the forced ignition and flame spread test apparatus. Combustion Science and Technology, 189, 231-247.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2017","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 26.3","score":{"value":26.3,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 9081; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2017-4; sampling september. Primary study McAllister2017: McAllister, S., & Weise, D. (2017). Effects of season on ignition of live wildland fuels using the forced ignition and flame spread test apparatus. Combustion Science and Technology, 189, 231-247.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2017","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 27.68","score":{"value":27.68,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 9082; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2017-4; sampling october. Primary study McAllister2017: McAllister, S., & Weise, D. (2017). Effects of season on ignition of live wildland fuels using the forced ignition and flame spread test apparatus. Combustion Science and Technology, 189, 231-247.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2017","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 29.84","score":{"value":29.84,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 9083; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2017-4; sampling february. Primary study McAllister2017: McAllister, S., & Weise, D. (2017). Effects of season on ignition of live wildland fuels using the forced ignition and flame spread test apparatus. Combustion Science and Technology, 189, 231-247.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2017","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 28.09","score":{"value":28.09,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 9084; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2017-4; sampling march. Primary study McAllister2017: McAllister, S., & Weise, D. (2017). Effects of season on ignition of live wildland fuels using the forced ignition and flame spread test apparatus. Combustion Science and Technology, 189, 231-247.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2017","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 26.31","score":{"value":26.31,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 9085; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2017-4; sampling august. Primary study McAllister2017: McAllister, S., & Weise, D. (2017). Effects of season on ignition of live wildland fuels using the forced ignition and flame spread test apparatus. Combustion Science and Technology, 189, 231-247.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2017","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 30","score":{"value":30,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 9086; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2017-4; sampling september. Primary study McAllister2017: McAllister, S., & Weise, D. (2017). Effects of season on ignition of live wildland fuels using the forced ignition and flame spread test apparatus. Combustion Science and Technology, 189, 231-247.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2017","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 229.04","score":{"value":229.04,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10167; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Page2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study Page2012: Page, W. G., Jenkins, M. J., & Runyon, J. B. (2012). Mountain pine beetle attack alters the chemistry and flammability of lodgepole pine foliage. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 42, 1631-1647.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Page2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 233.3","score":{"value":233.3,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10168; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Page2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study Page2012: Page, W. G., Jenkins, M. J., & Runyon, J. B. (2012). Mountain pine beetle attack alters the chemistry and flammability of lodgepole pine foliage. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 42, 1631-1647.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Page2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 71.46","score":{"value":71.46,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10169; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Page2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study Page2012: Page, W. G., Jenkins, M. J., & Runyon, J. B. (2012). Mountain pine beetle attack alters the chemistry and flammability of lodgepole pine foliage. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 42, 1631-1647.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Page2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 64.43","score":{"value":64.43,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10170; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Page2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study Page2012: Page, W. G., Jenkins, M. J., & Runyon, J. B. (2012). Mountain pine beetle attack alters the chemistry and flammability of lodgepole pine foliage. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 42, 1631-1647.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Page2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"flaming duration (s): 50.06","score":{"value":50.06,"scale":"FLAMITS — flaming duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10171; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Page2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study Page2012: Page, W. G., Jenkins, M. J., & Runyon, J. B. (2012). Mountain pine beetle attack alters the chemistry and flammability of lodgepole pine foliage. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 42, 1631-1647.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Page2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"flaming duration (s): 60.79","score":{"value":60.79,"scale":"FLAMITS — flaming duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10172; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Page2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study Page2012: Page, W. G., Jenkins, M. J., & Runyon, J. B. (2012). Mountain pine beetle attack alters the chemistry and flammability of lodgepole pine foliage. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 42, 1631-1647.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Page2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"flaming duration (s): 51.4","score":{"value":51.4,"scale":"FLAMITS — flaming duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10173; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Page2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study Page2012: Page, W. G., Jenkins, M. J., & Runyon, J. B. (2012). Mountain pine beetle attack alters the chemistry and flammability of lodgepole pine foliage. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 42, 1631-1647.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Page2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"flaming duration (s): 51.84","score":{"value":51.84,"scale":"FLAMITS — flaming duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10174; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Page2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study Page2012: Page, W. G., Jenkins, M. J., & Runyon, J. B. (2012). Mountain pine beetle attack alters the chemistry and flammability of lodgepole pine foliage. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 42, 1631-1647.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Page2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"temperature at flaming (°C): 274.65","score":{"value":274.65,"scale":"FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10175; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Page2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study Page2012: Page, W. G., Jenkins, M. J., & Runyon, J. B. (2012). Mountain pine beetle attack alters the chemistry and flammability of lodgepole pine foliage. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 42, 1631-1647.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Page2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"temperature at flaming (°C): 251.3","score":{"value":251.3,"scale":"FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10176; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Page2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study Page2012: Page, W. G., Jenkins, M. J., & Runyon, J. B. (2012). Mountain pine beetle attack alters the chemistry and flammability of lodgepole pine foliage. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 42, 1631-1647.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Page2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"temperature at flaming (°C): 132.5","score":{"value":132.5,"scale":"FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10177; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Page2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study Page2012: Page, W. G., Jenkins, M. J., & Runyon, J. B. (2012). Mountain pine beetle attack alters the chemistry and flammability of lodgepole pine foliage. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 42, 1631-1647.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Page2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"temperature at flaming (°C): 110.91","score":{"value":110.91,"scale":"FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10178; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Page2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study Page2012: Page, W. G., Jenkins, M. J., & Runyon, J. B. (2012). Mountain pine beetle attack alters the chemistry and flammability of lodgepole pine foliage. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 42, 1631-1647.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Page2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"maximum flame temperature (°C): 378.69","score":{"value":378.69,"scale":"FLAMITS — maximum flame temperature (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10179; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Page2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study Page2012: Page, W. G., Jenkins, M. J., & Runyon, J. B. (2012). Mountain pine beetle attack alters the chemistry and flammability of lodgepole pine foliage. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 42, 1631-1647.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Page2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"maximum flame temperature (°C): 312.91","score":{"value":312.91,"scale":"FLAMITS — maximum flame temperature (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10180; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Page2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study Page2012: Page, W. G., Jenkins, M. J., & Runyon, J. B. (2012). Mountain pine beetle attack alters the chemistry and flammability of lodgepole pine foliage. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 42, 1631-1647.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Page2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"maximum flame temperature (°C): 211.38","score":{"value":211.38,"scale":"FLAMITS — maximum flame temperature (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10181; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Page2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study Page2012: Page, W. G., Jenkins, M. J., & Runyon, J. B. (2012). Mountain pine beetle attack alters the chemistry and flammability of lodgepole pine foliage. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 42, 1631-1647.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Page2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"maximum flame temperature (°C): 131.29","score":{"value":131.29,"scale":"FLAMITS — maximum flame temperature (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10182; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Page2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study Page2012: Page, W. G., Jenkins, M. J., & Runyon, J. B. (2012). Mountain pine beetle attack alters the chemistry and flammability of lodgepole pine foliage. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 42, 1631-1647.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Page2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"mass loss rate (g/s): 0.12","score":{"value":0.12,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10183; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Page2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study Page2012: Page, W. G., Jenkins, M. J., & Runyon, J. B. (2012). Mountain pine beetle attack alters the chemistry and flammability of lodgepole pine foliage. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 42, 1631-1647.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Page2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"mass loss rate (g/s): 0.12","score":{"value":0.12,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10184; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Page2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study Page2012: Page, W. G., Jenkins, M. J., & Runyon, J. B. (2012). Mountain pine beetle attack alters the chemistry and flammability of lodgepole pine foliage. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 42, 1631-1647.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Page2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"mass loss rate (g/s): 0.13","score":{"value":0.13,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10185; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Page2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study Page2012: Page, W. G., Jenkins, M. J., & Runyon, J. B. (2012). Mountain pine beetle attack alters the chemistry and flammability of lodgepole pine foliage. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 42, 1631-1647.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Page2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"mass loss rate (g/s): 0.13","score":{"value":0.13,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10186; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Page2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study Page2012: Page, W. G., Jenkins, M. J., & Runyon, J. B. (2012). Mountain pine beetle attack alters the chemistry and flammability of lodgepole pine foliage. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 42, 1631-1647.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Page2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"temperature increase rate (°C/s): 110.13","score":{"value":110.13,"scale":"FLAMITS — temperature increase rate (°C/s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10187; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Page2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study Page2012: Page, W. G., Jenkins, M. J., & Runyon, J. B. (2012). Mountain pine beetle attack alters the chemistry and flammability of lodgepole pine foliage. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 42, 1631-1647.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Page2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"temperature increase rate (°C/s): 115.58","score":{"value":115.58,"scale":"FLAMITS — temperature increase rate (°C/s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10188; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Page2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study Page2012: Page, W. G., Jenkins, M. J., & Runyon, J. B. (2012). Mountain pine beetle attack alters the chemistry and flammability of lodgepole pine foliage. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 42, 1631-1647.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Page2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"temperature increase rate (°C/s): 141.88","score":{"value":141.88,"scale":"FLAMITS — temperature increase rate (°C/s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10189; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Page2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study Page2012: Page, W. G., Jenkins, M. J., & Runyon, J. B. (2012). Mountain pine beetle attack alters the chemistry and flammability of lodgepole pine foliage. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 42, 1631-1647.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Page2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"temperature increase rate (°C/s): 137.7","score":{"value":137.7,"scale":"FLAMITS — temperature increase rate (°C/s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10190; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Page2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study Page2012: Page, W. G., Jenkins, M. J., & Runyon, J. B. (2012). Mountain pine beetle attack alters the chemistry and flammability of lodgepole pine foliage. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 42, 1631-1647.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Page2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"flaming duration (s): 56.13","score":{"value":56.13,"scale":"FLAMITS — flaming duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10191; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Page2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study Page2012: Page, W. G., Jenkins, M. J., & Runyon, J. B. (2012). Mountain pine beetle attack alters the chemistry and flammability of lodgepole pine foliage. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 42, 1631-1647.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Page2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"flaming duration (s): 64.46","score":{"value":64.46,"scale":"FLAMITS — flaming duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10192; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Page2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study Page2012: Page, W. G., Jenkins, M. J., & Runyon, J. B. (2012). Mountain pine beetle attack alters the chemistry and flammability of lodgepole pine foliage. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 42, 1631-1647.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Page2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"flaming duration (s): 51.32","score":{"value":51.32,"scale":"FLAMITS — flaming duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10193; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Page2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study Page2012: Page, W. G., Jenkins, M. J., & Runyon, J. B. (2012). Mountain pine beetle attack alters the chemistry and flammability of lodgepole pine foliage. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 42, 1631-1647.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Page2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"flaming duration (s): 54.71","score":{"value":54.71,"scale":"FLAMITS — flaming duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10194; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Page2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study Page2012: Page, W. G., Jenkins, M. J., & Runyon, J. B. (2012). Mountain pine beetle attack alters the chemistry and flammability of lodgepole pine foliage. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 42, 1631-1647.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Page2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"temperature at flaming (°C): 127.56","score":{"value":127.56,"scale":"FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10195; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Page2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study Page2012: Page, W. G., Jenkins, M. J., & Runyon, J. B. (2012). Mountain pine beetle attack alters the chemistry and flammability of lodgepole pine foliage. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 42, 1631-1647.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Page2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"temperature at flaming (°C): 137.76","score":{"value":137.76,"scale":"FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10196; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Page2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study Page2012: Page, W. G., Jenkins, M. J., & Runyon, J. B. (2012). Mountain pine beetle attack alters the chemistry and flammability of lodgepole pine foliage. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 42, 1631-1647.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Page2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"temperature at flaming (°C): 163.06","score":{"value":163.06,"scale":"FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10197; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Page2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study Page2012: Page, W. G., Jenkins, M. J., & Runyon, J. B. (2012). Mountain pine beetle attack alters the chemistry and flammability of lodgepole pine foliage. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 42, 1631-1647.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Page2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"temperature at flaming (°C): 153.79","score":{"value":153.79,"scale":"FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10198; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device epiradiator; site Page2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study Page2012: Page, W. G., Jenkins, M. J., & Runyon, J. B. (2012). Mountain pine beetle attack alters the chemistry and flammability of lodgepole pine foliage. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 42, 1631-1647.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Page2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"calorific value (kcal/kg): 4893.95","score":{"value":4893.95,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10735; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Qi2016-1; sampling july to october. Primary study Qi2016: Qi, Y., Jolly, W .M., Dennison, P. E., & Kropp, R. C. (2016). Seasonal relationships between foliar moisture content, heat content and biochemistry of lodgepole line and big sagebrush foliage. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 25, 574-578.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Qi2016","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"calorific value (kcal/kg): 4848.57","score":{"value":4848.57,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10736; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Qi2016-1; sampling july to october. Primary study Qi2016: Qi, Y., Jolly, W .M., Dennison, P. E., & Kropp, R. C. (2016). Seasonal relationships between foliar moisture content, heat content and biochemistry of lodgepole line and big sagebrush foliage. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 25, 574-578.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Qi2016","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"calorific value (kcal/kg): 4979.93","score":{"value":4979.93,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10737; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Qi2016-1; sampling july to october. Primary study Qi2016: Qi, Y., Jolly, W .M., Dennison, P. E., & Kropp, R. C. (2016). Seasonal relationships between foliar moisture content, heat content and biochemistry of lodgepole line and big sagebrush foliage. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 25, 574-578.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Qi2016","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"calorific value (kcal/kg): 5094","score":{"value":5094,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10738; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Qi2016-1; sampling july to october. Primary study Qi2016: Qi, Y., Jolly, W .M., Dennison, P. E., & Kropp, R. C. (2016). Seasonal relationships between foliar moisture content, heat content and biochemistry of lodgepole line and big sagebrush foliage. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 25, 574-578.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Qi2016","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"calorific value (kcal/kg): 5096.97","score":{"value":5096.97,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10739; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Qi2016-1; sampling july to october. Primary study Qi2016: Qi, Y., Jolly, W .M., Dennison, P. E., & Kropp, R. C. (2016). Seasonal relationships between foliar moisture content, heat content and biochemistry of lodgepole line and big sagebrush foliage. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 25, 574-578.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Qi2016","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"calorific value (kcal/kg): 5092.19","score":{"value":5092.19,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10740; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Qi2016-1; sampling july to october. Primary study Qi2016: Qi, Y., Jolly, W .M., Dennison, P. E., & Kropp, R. C. (2016). Seasonal relationships between foliar moisture content, heat content and biochemistry of lodgepole line and big sagebrush foliage. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 25, 574-578.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Qi2016","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"calorific value (kcal/kg): 5123.24","score":{"value":5123.24,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10741; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Qi2016-1; sampling july to october. Primary study Qi2016: Qi, Y., Jolly, W .M., Dennison, P. E., & Kropp, R. C. (2016). Seasonal relationships between foliar moisture content, heat content and biochemistry of lodgepole line and big sagebrush foliage. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 25, 574-578.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Qi2016","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"calorific value (kcal/kg): 5171.01","score":{"value":5171.01,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10742; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Qi2016-1; sampling july to october. Primary study Qi2016: Qi, Y., Jolly, W .M., Dennison, P. E., & Kropp, R. C. (2016). Seasonal relationships between foliar moisture content, heat content and biochemistry of lodgepole line and big sagebrush foliage. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 25, 574-578.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Qi2016","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"calorific value (kcal/kg): 5206.84","score":{"value":5206.84,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10743; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Qi2016-1; sampling july to october. Primary study Qi2016: Qi, Y., Jolly, W .M., Dennison, P. E., & Kropp, R. C. (2016). Seasonal relationships between foliar moisture content, heat content and biochemistry of lodgepole line and big sagebrush foliage. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 25, 574-578.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Qi2016","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"calorific value (kcal/kg): 5192.5","score":{"value":5192.5,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 10744; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Qi2016-1; sampling july to october. Primary study Qi2016: Qi, Y., Jolly, W .M., Dennison, P. E., & Kropp, R. C. (2016). Seasonal relationships between foliar moisture content, heat content and biochemistry of lodgepole line and big sagebrush foliage. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 25, 574-578.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Qi2016","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 61","score":{"value":61,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 12634; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Shi2013-1; sampling ND. Primary study Shi2013: Shi, L., & Chew, M. Y. L. (2013). Experimental study of woods under external heat flux by autoignition. Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry, 111, 1399-1407.","original":"Shi2013","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 48","score":{"value":48,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 12640; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Shi2013-1; sampling ND. Primary study Shi2013: Shi, L., & Chew, M. Y. L. (2013). Experimental study of woods under external heat flux by autoignition. Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry, 111, 1399-1407.","original":"Shi2013","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 27","score":{"value":27,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 12646; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Shi2013-1; sampling ND. Primary study Shi2013: Shi, L., & Chew, M. Y. L. (2013). Experimental study of woods under external heat flux by autoignition. Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry, 111, 1399-1407.","original":"Shi2013","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 23","score":{"value":23,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 12652; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Shi2013-1; sampling ND. Primary study Shi2013: Shi, L., & Chew, M. Y. L. (2013). Experimental study of woods under external heat flux by autoignition. Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry, 111, 1399-1407.","original":"Shi2013","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 11","score":{"value":11,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 12658; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Shi2013-1; sampling ND. Primary study Shi2013: Shi, L., & Chew, M. Y. L. (2013). Experimental study of woods under external heat flux by autoignition. Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry, 111, 1399-1407.","original":"Shi2013","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 12","score":{"value":12,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 12664; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Shi2013-1; sampling ND. Primary study Shi2013: Shi, L., & Chew, M. Y. L. (2013). Experimental study of woods under external heat flux by autoignition. Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry, 111, 1399-1407.","original":"Shi2013","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"temperature at flaming (°C): 558.2","score":{"value":558.2,"scale":"FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 12670; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Shi2013-1; sampling ND. Primary study Shi2013: Shi, L., & Chew, M. Y. L. (2013). Experimental study of woods under external heat flux by autoignition. Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry, 111, 1399-1407.","original":"Shi2013","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"temperature at flaming (°C): 433.8","score":{"value":433.8,"scale":"FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 12676; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Shi2013-1; sampling ND. Primary study Shi2013: Shi, L., & Chew, M. Y. L. (2013). Experimental study of woods under external heat flux by autoignition. Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry, 111, 1399-1407.","original":"Shi2013","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"temperature at flaming (°C): 433.1","score":{"value":433.1,"scale":"FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 12682; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Shi2013-1; sampling ND. Primary study Shi2013: Shi, L., & Chew, M. Y. L. (2013). Experimental study of woods under external heat flux by autoignition. Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry, 111, 1399-1407.","original":"Shi2013","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"temperature at flaming (°C): 348.6","score":{"value":348.6,"scale":"FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 12688; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Shi2013-1; sampling ND. Primary study Shi2013: Shi, L., & Chew, M. Y. L. (2013). Experimental study of woods under external heat flux by autoignition. Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry, 111, 1399-1407.","original":"Shi2013","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"temperature at flaming (°C): 306.6","score":{"value":306.6,"scale":"FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 12694; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Shi2013-1; sampling ND. Primary study Shi2013: Shi, L., & Chew, M. Y. L. (2013). Experimental study of woods under external heat flux by autoignition. Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry, 111, 1399-1407.","original":"Shi2013","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"temperature at flaming (°C): 314","score":{"value":314,"scale":"FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 12700; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Shi2013-1; sampling ND. Primary study Shi2013: Shi, L., & Chew, M. Y. L. (2013). Experimental study of woods under external heat flux by autoignition. Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry, 111, 1399-1407.","original":"Shi2013","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"calorific value (kcal/kg): 709.37","score":{"value":709.37,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 13427; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site vanWagtendonk1998-1; sampling ND. Primary study vanWagtendonk1998: Van Wagdendonk, J., Sydoriak, W. M., & Benedict, J. M. (1998). Heat content variation of Sierra Nevada conifers. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 8, 147-158.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"vanWagtendonk1998","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"calorific value (kcal/kg): 642.5","score":{"value":642.5,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 13428; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site vanWagtendonk1998-1; sampling ND. Primary study vanWagtendonk1998: Van Wagdendonk, J., Sydoriak, W. M., & Benedict, J. M. (1998). Heat content variation of Sierra Nevada conifers. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 8, 147-158.","plantPart":"litter","original":"vanWagtendonk1998","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"calorific value (kcal/kg): 5292.83","score":{"value":5292.83,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 13429; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site vanWagtendonk1998-1; sampling ND. Primary study vanWagtendonk1998: Van Wagdendonk, J., Sydoriak, W. M., & Benedict, J. M. (1998). Heat content variation of Sierra Nevada conifers. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 8, 147-158.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"vanWagtendonk1998","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"calorific value (kcal/kg): 5080.25","score":{"value":5080.25,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 13430; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site vanWagtendonk1998-1; sampling ND. Primary study vanWagtendonk1998: Van Wagdendonk, J., Sydoriak, W. M., & Benedict, J. M. (1998). Heat content variation of Sierra Nevada conifers. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 8, 147-158.","plantPart":"litter","original":"vanWagtendonk1998","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"calorific value (kcal/kg): 5225.95","score":{"value":5225.95,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 13503; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site vanWagtendonk1998-1; sampling ND. Primary study vanWagtendonk1998: Van Wagdendonk, J., Sydoriak, W. M., & Benedict, J. M. (1998). Heat content variation of Sierra Nevada conifers. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 8, 147-158.","original":"vanWagtendonk1998","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"calorific value (kcal/kg): 4874.84","score":{"value":4874.84,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 13504; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site vanWagtendonk1998-1; sampling ND. Primary study vanWagtendonk1998: Van Wagdendonk, J., Sydoriak, W. M., & Benedict, J. M. (1998). Heat content variation of Sierra Nevada conifers. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 8, 147-158.","original":"vanWagtendonk1998","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"calorific value (kcal/kg): 5297.6","score":{"value":5297.6,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 13505; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site vanWagtendonk1998-1; sampling ND. Primary study vanWagtendonk1998: Van Wagdendonk, J., Sydoriak, W. M., & Benedict, J. M. (1998). Heat content variation of Sierra Nevada conifers. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 8, 147-158.","original":"vanWagtendonk1998","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"calorific value (kcal/kg): 4913.06","score":{"value":4913.06,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 13506; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site vanWagtendonk1998-1; sampling ND. Primary study vanWagtendonk1998: Van Wagdendonk, J., Sydoriak, W. M., & Benedict, J. M. (1998). Heat content variation of Sierra Nevada conifers. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 8, 147-158.","original":"vanWagtendonk1998","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 110","score":{"value":110,"scale":"FLAMITS — maximum energy flux (kW/m²)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 14133; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site White2002-2; sampling ND. Primary study White2002: White, R. H., Weise, D. R., Mackes, K., & Dibble, A. C. (2002). Cone calorimeter testing of vegetation--an update. Ninth International Conference on Electrical and Electronic Products. Columbus, Ohio, USA.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"White2002","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"calorific value (kcal/kg): 4323.11","score":{"value":4323.11,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 14186; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site White2002-2; sampling ND. Primary study White2002: White, R. H., Weise, D. R., Mackes, K., & Dibble, A. C. (2002). Cone calorimeter testing of vegetation--an update. Ninth International Conference on Electrical and Electronic Products. Columbus, Ohio, USA.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"White2002","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"calorific value (kcal/kg): 3940.96","score":{"value":3940.96,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 14283; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site White2002-2; sampling ND. Primary study White2002: White, R. H., Weise, D. R., Mackes, K., & Dibble, A. C. (2002). Cone calorimeter testing of vegetation--an update. Ninth International Conference on Electrical and Electronic Products. Columbus, Ohio, USA.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"White2002","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 52.77","score":{"value":52.77,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17370; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2012-1; sampling march to october. Primary study McAllister2012: McAllister, S., Grenfell, I., Hadlow, A., Jolly, W. M., Finney, M., & Cohen, J. (2012). Piloted ignition of live forest fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 51, 133–142.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 50.37","score":{"value":50.37,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17371; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2012-1; sampling march to october. Primary study McAllister2012: McAllister, S., Grenfell, I., Hadlow, A., Jolly, W. M., Finney, M., & Cohen, J. (2012). Piloted ignition of live forest fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 51, 133–142.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 48.78","score":{"value":48.78,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17372; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2012-1; sampling march to october. Primary study McAllister2012: McAllister, S., Grenfell, I., Hadlow, A., Jolly, W. M., Finney, M., & Cohen, J. (2012). Piloted ignition of live forest fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 51, 133–142.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 45.39","score":{"value":45.39,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17373; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2012-1; sampling march to october. Primary study McAllister2012: McAllister, S., Grenfell, I., Hadlow, A., Jolly, W. M., Finney, M., & Cohen, J. (2012). Piloted ignition of live forest fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 51, 133–142.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 44.9","score":{"value":44.9,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17374; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2012-1; sampling march to october. Primary study McAllister2012: McAllister, S., Grenfell, I., Hadlow, A., Jolly, W. M., Finney, M., & Cohen, J. (2012). Piloted ignition of live forest fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 51, 133–142.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 51.71","score":{"value":51.71,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17375; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2012-1; sampling march to october. Primary study McAllister2012: McAllister, S., Grenfell, I., Hadlow, A., Jolly, W. M., Finney, M., & Cohen, J. (2012). Piloted ignition of live forest fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 51, 133–142.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 47.42","score":{"value":47.42,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17376; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2012-1; sampling march to october. Primary study McAllister2012: McAllister, S., Grenfell, I., Hadlow, A., Jolly, W. M., Finney, M., & Cohen, J. (2012). Piloted ignition of live forest fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 51, 133–142.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 40.92","score":{"value":40.92,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17377; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2012-1; sampling march to october. Primary study McAllister2012: McAllister, S., Grenfell, I., Hadlow, A., Jolly, W. M., Finney, M., & Cohen, J. (2012). Piloted ignition of live forest fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 51, 133–142.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 42.93","score":{"value":42.93,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17378; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2012-1; sampling march to october. Primary study McAllister2012: McAllister, S., Grenfell, I., Hadlow, A., Jolly, W. M., Finney, M., & Cohen, J. (2012). Piloted ignition of live forest fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 51, 133–142.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 45.14","score":{"value":45.14,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17379; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2012-1; sampling march to october. Primary study McAllister2012: McAllister, S., Grenfell, I., Hadlow, A., Jolly, W. M., Finney, M., & Cohen, J. (2012). Piloted ignition of live forest fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 51, 133–142.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 41.15","score":{"value":41.15,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17380; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2012-1; sampling march to october. Primary study McAllister2012: McAllister, S., Grenfell, I., Hadlow, A., Jolly, W. M., Finney, M., & Cohen, J. (2012). Piloted ignition of live forest fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 51, 133–142.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 43.06","score":{"value":43.06,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17381; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2012-1; sampling march to october. Primary study McAllister2012: McAllister, S., Grenfell, I., Hadlow, A., Jolly, W. M., Finney, M., & Cohen, J. (2012). Piloted ignition of live forest fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 51, 133–142.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 45.07","score":{"value":45.07,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17382; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2012-1; sampling march to october. Primary study McAllister2012: McAllister, S., Grenfell, I., Hadlow, A., Jolly, W. M., Finney, M., & Cohen, J. (2012). Piloted ignition of live forest fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 51, 133–142.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 36.78","score":{"value":36.78,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17383; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2012-1; sampling march to october. Primary study McAllister2012: McAllister, S., Grenfell, I., Hadlow, A., Jolly, W. M., Finney, M., & Cohen, J. (2012). Piloted ignition of live forest fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 51, 133–142.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 34.29","score":{"value":34.29,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17384; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2012-1; sampling march to october. Primary study McAllister2012: McAllister, S., Grenfell, I., Hadlow, A., Jolly, W. M., Finney, M., & Cohen, J. (2012). Piloted ignition of live forest fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 51, 133–142.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 48.49","score":{"value":48.49,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17385; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2012-1; sampling march to october. Primary study McAllister2012: McAllister, S., Grenfell, I., Hadlow, A., Jolly, W. M., Finney, M., & Cohen, J. (2012). Piloted ignition of live forest fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 51, 133–142.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 42.7","score":{"value":42.7,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17386; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2012-1; sampling march to october. Primary study McAllister2012: McAllister, S., Grenfell, I., Hadlow, A., Jolly, W. M., Finney, M., & Cohen, J. (2012). Piloted ignition of live forest fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 51, 133–142.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 48.13","score":{"value":48.13,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17387; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2012-1; sampling march to october. Primary study McAllister2012: McAllister, S., Grenfell, I., Hadlow, A., Jolly, W. M., Finney, M., & Cohen, J. (2012). Piloted ignition of live forest fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 51, 133–142.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 50.04","score":{"value":50.04,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17388; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2012-1; sampling march to october. Primary study McAllister2012: McAllister, S., Grenfell, I., Hadlow, A., Jolly, W. M., Finney, M., & Cohen, J. (2012). Piloted ignition of live forest fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 51, 133–142.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 45.35","score":{"value":45.35,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17389; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2012-1; sampling march to october. Primary study McAllister2012: McAllister, S., Grenfell, I., Hadlow, A., Jolly, W. M., Finney, M., & Cohen, J. (2012). Piloted ignition of live forest fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 51, 133–142.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 53.75","score":{"value":53.75,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17390; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2012-1; sampling march to october. Primary study McAllister2012: McAllister, S., Grenfell, I., Hadlow, A., Jolly, W. M., Finney, M., & Cohen, J. (2012). Piloted ignition of live forest fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 51, 133–142.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 48.27","score":{"value":48.27,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17391; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2012-1; sampling march to october. Primary study McAllister2012: McAllister, S., Grenfell, I., Hadlow, A., Jolly, W. M., Finney, M., & Cohen, J. (2012). Piloted ignition of live forest fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 51, 133–142.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 50.19","score":{"value":50.19,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17392; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2012-1; sampling march to october. Primary study McAllister2012: McAllister, S., Grenfell, I., Hadlow, A., Jolly, W. M., Finney, M., & Cohen, J. (2012). Piloted ignition of live forest fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 51, 133–142.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 51.89","score":{"value":51.89,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17393; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2012-1; sampling march to october. Primary study McAllister2012: McAllister, S., Grenfell, I., Hadlow, A., Jolly, W. M., Finney, M., & Cohen, J. (2012). Piloted ignition of live forest fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 51, 133–142.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 9.87","score":{"value":9.87,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17394; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2012-1; sampling march to october. Primary study McAllister2012: McAllister, S., Grenfell, I., Hadlow, A., Jolly, W. M., Finney, M., & Cohen, J. (2012). Piloted ignition of live forest fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 51, 133–142.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 9.17","score":{"value":9.17,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17395; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2012-1; sampling march to october. Primary study McAllister2012: McAllister, S., Grenfell, I., Hadlow, A., Jolly, W. M., Finney, M., & Cohen, J. (2012). Piloted ignition of live forest fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 51, 133–142.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 9.88","score":{"value":9.88,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17396; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2012-1; sampling march to october. Primary study McAllister2012: McAllister, S., Grenfell, I., Hadlow, A., Jolly, W. M., Finney, M., & Cohen, J. (2012). Piloted ignition of live forest fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 51, 133–142.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 10.89","score":{"value":10.89,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17397; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2012-1; sampling march to october. Primary study McAllister2012: McAllister, S., Grenfell, I., Hadlow, A., Jolly, W. M., Finney, M., & Cohen, J. (2012). Piloted ignition of live forest fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 51, 133–142.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 12.3","score":{"value":12.3,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17398; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2012-1; sampling march to october. Primary study McAllister2012: McAllister, S., Grenfell, I., Hadlow, A., Jolly, W. M., Finney, M., & Cohen, J. (2012). Piloted ignition of live forest fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 51, 133–142.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 12.31","score":{"value":12.31,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17399; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2012-1; sampling march to october. Primary study McAllister2012: McAllister, S., Grenfell, I., Hadlow, A., Jolly, W. M., Finney, M., & Cohen, J. (2012). Piloted ignition of live forest fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 51, 133–142.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 11.72","score":{"value":11.72,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17400; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2012-1; sampling march to october. Primary study McAllister2012: McAllister, S., Grenfell, I., Hadlow, A., Jolly, W. M., Finney, M., & Cohen, J. (2012). Piloted ignition of live forest fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 51, 133–142.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 12.93","score":{"value":12.93,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17401; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2012-1; sampling march to october. Primary study McAllister2012: McAllister, S., Grenfell, I., Hadlow, A., Jolly, W. M., Finney, M., & Cohen, J. (2012). Piloted ignition of live forest fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 51, 133–142.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 12.94","score":{"value":12.94,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17402; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2012-1; sampling march to october. Primary study McAllister2012: McAllister, S., Grenfell, I., Hadlow, A., Jolly, W. M., Finney, M., & Cohen, J. (2012). Piloted ignition of live forest fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 51, 133–142.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 10.85","score":{"value":10.85,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17403; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2012-1; sampling march to october. Primary study McAllister2012: McAllister, S., Grenfell, I., Hadlow, A., Jolly, W. M., Finney, M., & Cohen, J. (2012). Piloted ignition of live forest fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 51, 133–142.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 11.97","score":{"value":11.97,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17404; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2012-1; sampling march to october. Primary study McAllister2012: McAllister, S., Grenfell, I., Hadlow, A., Jolly, W. M., Finney, M., & Cohen, J. (2012). Piloted ignition of live forest fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 51, 133–142.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 11.18","score":{"value":11.18,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17405; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2012-1; sampling march to october. Primary study McAllister2012: McAllister, S., Grenfell, I., Hadlow, A., Jolly, W. M., Finney, M., & Cohen, J. (2012). Piloted ignition of live forest fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 51, 133–142.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 8.89","score":{"value":8.89,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17406; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2012-1; sampling march to october. Primary study McAllister2012: McAllister, S., Grenfell, I., Hadlow, A., Jolly, W. M., Finney, M., & Cohen, J. (2012). Piloted ignition of live forest fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 51, 133–142.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 9.99","score":{"value":9.99,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17407; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2012-1; sampling march to october. Primary study McAllister2012: McAllister, S., Grenfell, I., Hadlow, A., Jolly, W. M., Finney, M., & Cohen, J. (2012). Piloted ignition of live forest fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 51, 133–142.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 12.01","score":{"value":12.01,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17408; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2012-1; sampling march to october. Primary study McAllister2012: McAllister, S., Grenfell, I., Hadlow, A., Jolly, W. M., Finney, M., & Cohen, J. (2012). Piloted ignition of live forest fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 51, 133–142.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 10.12","score":{"value":10.12,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17409; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2012-1; sampling march to october. Primary study McAllister2012: McAllister, S., Grenfell, I., Hadlow, A., Jolly, W. M., Finney, M., & Cohen, J. (2012). Piloted ignition of live forest fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 51, 133–142.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 10.43","score":{"value":10.43,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17410; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2012-1; sampling march to october. Primary study McAllister2012: McAllister, S., Grenfell, I., Hadlow, A., Jolly, W. M., Finney, M., & Cohen, J. (2012). Piloted ignition of live forest fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 51, 133–142.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 11.34","score":{"value":11.34,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17411; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2012-1; sampling march to october. Primary study McAllister2012: McAllister, S., Grenfell, I., Hadlow, A., Jolly, W. M., Finney, M., & Cohen, J. (2012). Piloted ignition of live forest fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 51, 133–142.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 8.95","score":{"value":8.95,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17412; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2012-1; sampling march to october. Primary study McAllister2012: McAllister, S., Grenfell, I., Hadlow, A., Jolly, W. M., Finney, M., & Cohen, J. (2012). Piloted ignition of live forest fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 51, 133–142.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 11.85","score":{"value":11.85,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17413; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2012-1; sampling march to october. Primary study McAllister2012: McAllister, S., Grenfell, I., Hadlow, A., Jolly, W. M., Finney, M., & Cohen, J. (2012). Piloted ignition of live forest fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 51, 133–142.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 8.06","score":{"value":8.06,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17414; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2012-1; sampling march to october. Primary study McAllister2012: McAllister, S., Grenfell, I., Hadlow, A., Jolly, W. M., Finney, M., & Cohen, J. (2012). Piloted ignition of live forest fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 51, 133–142.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 8.37","score":{"value":8.37,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17415; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device scale wind tunnel; site McAllister2012-1; sampling march to october. Primary study McAllister2012: McAllister, S., Grenfell, I., Hadlow, A., Jolly, W. M., Finney, M., & Cohen, J. (2012). Piloted ignition of live forest fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 51, 133–142.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2012","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 6.7","score":{"value":6.7,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17473; Ignitability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device burning bench; site McAllister2014-1; sampling ND. Primary study McAllister2014: McAllister S., & Finney, M. (2014). Convection Ignition of Live Forest Fuels. Fire Safety Science - Proceedings of the eleventh International Symposium 11th conference. Christchurch, New Zealand.","plantPart":"litter","original":"McAllister2014","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 2.45","score":{"value":2.45,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17474; Ignitability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device burning bench; site McAllister2014-1; sampling ND. Primary study McAllister2014: McAllister S., & Finney, M. (2014). Convection Ignition of Live Forest Fuels. Fire Safety Science - Proceedings of the eleventh International Symposium 11th conference. Christchurch, New Zealand.","plantPart":"litter","original":"McAllister2014","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 11.9","score":{"value":11.9,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17477; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device burning bench; site McAllister2014-1; sampling ND. Primary study McAllister2014: McAllister S., & Finney, M. (2014). Convection Ignition of Live Forest Fuels. Fire Safety Science - Proceedings of the eleventh International Symposium 11th conference. Christchurch, New Zealand.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"McAllister2014","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"calorific value (kcal/kg): 5182.955965","score":{"value":5182.955965,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17979; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device burning bench; site Susott1980-1; sampling winter. Primary study Susott1980: Susott  R. A. (1980). Thermal  behavior  of  conifer needle  extractives. Forest Science, 26, 347-360","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Susott1980","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"calorific value (kcal/kg): 5108.913737","score":{"value":5108.913737,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17982; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device burning bench; site Susott1980-1; sampling winter. Primary study Susott1980: Susott  R. A. (1980). Thermal  behavior  of  conifer needle  extractives. Forest Science, 26, 347-360","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Susott1980","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"calorific value (kcal/kg): 714.149232","score":{"value":714.149232,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17985; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device burning bench; site Susott1980-1; sampling winter. Primary study Susott1980: Susott  R. A. (1980). Thermal  behavior  of  conifer needle  extractives. Forest Science, 26, 347-360","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Susott1980","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"calorific value (kcal/kg): 718.92615","score":{"value":718.92615,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17988; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device burning bench; site Susott1980-1; sampling winter. Primary study Susott1980: Susott  R. A. (1980). Thermal  behavior  of  conifer needle  extractives. Forest Science, 26, 347-360","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Susott1980","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"calorific value (kcal/kg): 883.7298189","score":{"value":883.7298189,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17991; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device burning bench; site Susott1980-1; sampling winter. Primary study Susott1980: Susott  R. A. (1980). Thermal  behavior  of  conifer needle  extractives. Forest Science, 26, 347-360","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Susott1980","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"calorific value (kcal/kg): 3002.292925","score":{"value":3002.292925,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 17994; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device burning bench; site Susott1980-1; sampling winter. Primary study Susott1980: Susott  R. A. (1980). Thermal  behavior  of  conifer needle  extractives. Forest Science, 26, 347-360","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Susott1980","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"calorific value (kcal/kg): 12.6","score":{"value":12.6,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 19955; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Leventon2023-2; sampling may and july 2017. Primary study Leventon2023: Leventon, I. T., Yang, J., & Bruns, M. C. (2023). Thermal decomposition of vegetative fuels and the impact of measured variations on simulations of wildfire spread. Fire Safety Journal, 137, 103762.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Leventon2023","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"calorific value (kcal/kg): 14.4","score":{"value":14.4,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 19960; Combustibility measurement; plant part stems; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Leventon2023-2; sampling may and july 2017. Primary study Leventon2023: Leventon, I. T., Yang, J., & Bruns, M. C. (2023). Thermal decomposition of vegetative fuels and the impact of measured variations on simulations of wildfire spread. Fire Safety Journal, 137, 103762.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Leventon2023","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"}],"flammabilityClass":"mixed-evidence","ratingReason":"mid-scale","recommendation":"candidate","author":"grayson-graham","reviewStatus":"draft","lastVerified":"2026-08-24T00:00:00.000Z","reviewNotes":"Photo selected from license-verified candidates and human-reviewed 2026-08-24 (joint session)."},"localAssessmentInputs":{"stateDistribution":[],"nativeStates":[],"rangeAssertions":[{"relation":"native","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["AK"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 70 — Subarctic America","TDWG level 3 ASK — Alaska"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"},{"relation":"native","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["CA"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 76 — Southwestern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 CAL — California"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"},{"relation":"native","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["CO"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 73 — Northwestern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 COL — Colorado"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"},{"relation":"native","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["ID"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 73 — Northwestern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 IDA — Idaho"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"},{"relation":"native","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["MT"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 73 — Northwestern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 MNT — Montana"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"},{"relation":"native","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["NV"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 76 — Southwestern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 NEV — Nevada"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"},{"relation":"native","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["OR"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 73 — Northwestern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 ORE — Oregon"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"},{"relation":"native","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["SD"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 74 — North-Central U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 SDA — South Dakota"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"},{"relation":"native","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["UT"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 76 — Southwestern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 UTA — Utah"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"},{"relation":"native","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["WA"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 73 — Northwestern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 WAS — Washington"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"},{"relation":"native","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["WY"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 73 — Northwestern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 WYO — Wyoming"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"}],"usdaZoneMin":null,"usdaZoneMax":null,"hardinessAssertions":[],"hardinessSelection":{"status":"none","assertions":[]},"invasiveIn":[],"statusAssertions":[],"fireEvidenceClass":"mixed-evidence","recommendation":"candidate","fireSourceScopes":[],"firePerformanceConditions":[{"condition":"green","evidence":[{"source":"white-etal-2002-cone-update","verdict":"mixed","url":"https://research.fs.usda.gov/download/treesearch/8596.pdf","claims":"Table 4 reports 115% foliage moisture, green-sample PHRR 110 kW/m2, and dry-sample EHOC 18.1 MJ/kg.","evidenceIndex":0}]}],"maintenanceAssertions":[],"maintenanceConditions":null,"regulatoryReviews":{},"seedReviews":{}},"legacyCompatibilityProjection":{"nativeStates":["AK","CA","CO","ID","MT","NV","OR","SD","UT","WA","WY"],"invasiveIn":[]},"localAssessmentContract":"Compare each dimension separately. State noxious-weed seed designations are material-scoped and never become non-seed plant restrictions, ecological-invasive findings, nursery restrictions, alternatives, product evidence, or fire votes. Introduced/established context is not an invasive warning. Minimum-only hardiness has no inferred maximum; canonical source-temperature conversion is validated and contradictory applicable rows project no primary zone. L48 context applies only to conterminous states and is never exact-state status. Fire-performance conditions are not maintenance advice. FEIS fire-ecology context does not vote in the plant classification. Absence of a status row is not regulatory clearance."}