{"id":"photinia-x-fraseri","license":"CC-BY-4.0","data":{"scientificName":"Photinia x fraseri","commonNames":["Red tip"],"taxonRank":"species","acceptedName":"Photinia fraseri","family":"Rosaceae","ids":{"gbifKey":5363854},"usdaZoneMin":"6a","zoneSource":"fps-2016","states":["DC","DE","MD","NJ","OH","PA","WV"],"hardinessAssertions":[{"minimum":"6","interpretation":"ambiguous-single-value","precision":"whole-zone","zoneMapping":"source-stated","applicability":"uncertain","applicabilityNotes":"The recovered selector prints one Cold Hardiness Zone value but does not define it as a minimum threshold or a one-zone range.","source":"fps-eastern-us","sourceRecordId":"photinia-x-fraseri","sourceTaxon":"Photinia x fraseri","taxonMatch":"exact","sourcePlacement":"Cold Hardiness Zone field in the recovered selector record","sourceVersion":"2016-wayback","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z"}],"plantForm":"shrub","matureHeightFt":12,"sun":"full","photo":{"file":"/images/plants/photinia-x-fraseri.jpg","sourceUrl":"https://www.inaturalist.org/photos/57402504","observationUrl":"https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/36326193","license":"cc0","attribution":"no rights reserved","fetchedOn":"2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z"},"evidence":[{"source":"fps-eastern-us","verdict":"mixed","verdictRaw":"MODERATELY Firewise (2)","claims":"New growth is bright red.","sourcePlacement":{"value":"LZ2","scheme":"fps-landscape-zone"},"edition":"2016-wayback","accessedOn":"2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"va-firescapes","verdict":"avoid","verdictRaw":"H flammability","claims":"Very susceptible to leaf spot disease.","edition":"2009","url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20090709143736/http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/430/430-300/430-300.pdf","accessedOn":"2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"firesmart-bc","verdict":"recommend","verdictRaw":"FireSmart-approved fire-resistant plant","sourcePlacement":{"value":"suitable for HIZ extended zone and beyond","scheme":"firesmart-hiz"},"url":"https://firesmartbc.ca/landscaping-hub/fire-resistant-plants/","accessedOn":"2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"firesafe-marin","verdict":"recommend","verdictRaw":"listed as fire-resistant","claims":"Fire Safe Marin lists this taxon among fire-resistant plants common to Marin County.","condition":"irrigated","edition":"2019","url":"https://firesafemarin.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/FIRESafe-MARIN_plant-list_2019.pdf","accessedOn":"2026-08-24T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"ganteaume-2013-provence-ornamental-hedges","verdict":"avoid","verdictRaw":"Highly flammable cluster","score":{"value":4,"scale":"valette-0-5-live-leaf"},"claims":"Live leaves were tested by epiradiator for ignition frequency, time to ignition, and flaming duration.","plantPart":"leaf","condition":"green","edition":"2013","url":"https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00941751/document","documentDate":"2013-06-14T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-24T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"girona-pirojardineria-2020","verdict":"recommend","verdictRaw":"RECOMENDADA","claims":"Photinia x fraseri is rated “RECOMENDADA” by the guide's qualitative IUF garden-suitability method. The method assumes species-specific care and integrates fire evidence with fuel structure, maintenance, origin, invasiveness, and expert fire-service experience.","sourcePlacement":{"value":"suitable inside or outside the 25-metre maximum-risk zone","scheme":"girona-2020-iuf-25m-suitability"},"edition":"2020 Spanish edition","url":"https://interior.gencat.cat/web/.content/home/030_arees_dactuacio/bombers/foc_forestal/publicacions_tecniques_i_normativa/guies_tecniques/prevencio_i_extincio/2020_Guia_de_pirojardineria_es.pdf","documentDate":"2020-01-01T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"}],"flammabilityClass":"highly-flammable","ratingReason":"majority","recommendation":"avoid","author":"grayson-graham","reviewStatus":"draft","lastVerified":"2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z","reviewNotes":"Photo auto-selected (top-voted iNat); human review pending."},"localAssessmentInputs":{"stateDistribution":["DC","DE","MD","NJ","OH","PA","WV"],"nativeStates":[],"rangeAssertions":[{"relation":"documented-occurrence","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["DC","DE","MD","NJ","OH","PA","WV"]},"provenance":"legacy-field"}],"usdaZoneMin":"6a","usdaZoneMax":null,"hardinessAssertions":[{"minimum":"6","interpretation":"ambiguous-single-value","precision":"whole-zone","zoneMapping":"source-stated","applicability":"uncertain","applicabilityNotes":"The recovered selector prints one Cold Hardiness Zone value but does not define it as a minimum threshold or a one-zone range.","source":"fps-eastern-us","sourceRecordId":"photinia-x-fraseri","sourceTaxon":"Photinia x fraseri","taxonMatch":"exact","sourcePlacement":"Cold Hardiness Zone field in the recovered selector record","sourceVersion":"2016-wayback","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"}],"hardinessSelection":{"status":"unresolved-applicability","assertions":[{"minimum":"6","interpretation":"ambiguous-single-value","precision":"whole-zone","zoneMapping":"source-stated","applicability":"uncertain","applicabilityNotes":"The recovered selector prints one Cold Hardiness Zone value but does not define it as a minimum threshold or a one-zone range.","source":"fps-eastern-us","sourceRecordId":"photinia-x-fraseri","sourceTaxon":"Photinia x fraseri","taxonMatch":"exact","sourcePlacement":"Cold Hardiness Zone field in the recovered selector record","sourceVersion":"2016-wayback","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"}]},"invasiveIn":[],"statusAssertions":[],"fireEvidenceClass":"highly-flammable","recommendation":"avoid","fireSourceScopes":[{"source":"firesafe-marin","sourceName":"Fire-Resistant Plants Common to Marin County","sourceUrl":"https://firesafemarin.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/FIRESafe-MARIN_plant-list_2019.pdf","geography":{"grain":"aggregate-region","stateCodes":["CA"],"regions":["Marin County"]},"completeness":"partial","reviewStatus":"reviewed","scope":"The publication is explicitly limited to plants common to Marin County. FireApproved publishes 104 exact owners as Marin regional context while retaining its placement, spacing, irrigation, and maintenance boundary. It is not statewide California guidance or parcel suitability.","sourceVersion":"Fire-Safe-Marin-plant-list-2019","asOf":"2019-01-01T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"va-firescapes","sourceName":"Virginia Firescapes — Firewise Landscaping for Woodland Homes (430-300)","sourceUrl":"http://web.archive.org/web/20090709143736/http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/430/430-300/430-300.pdf","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["VA"]},"completeness":"partial","reviewStatus":"reviewed","scope":"Virginia Cooperative Extension's publication opens with Virginia wildfire conditions, identifies its Virginia Firewise Landscaping Task Force, and labels plants native to Virginia. FireApproved publishes 306 exact source owners. Publication scope does not establish parcel suitability or current endorsement of this archived 2009 list.","sourceVersion":"Virginia-VCE-430-300-2009","asOf":"2009-04-15T00:00:00.000Z"}],"firePerformanceConditions":[{"condition":"green","evidence":[{"source":"ganteaume-2013-provence-ornamental-hedges","verdict":"avoid","url":"https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00941751/document","claims":"Live leaves were tested by epiradiator for ignition frequency, time to ignition, and flaming duration.","evidenceIndex":4}]},{"condition":"irrigated","evidence":[{"source":"firesafe-marin","verdict":"recommend","url":"https://firesafemarin.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/FIRESafe-MARIN_plant-list_2019.pdf","claims":"Fire Safe Marin lists this taxon among fire-resistant plants common to Marin County.","evidenceIndex":3}]}],"maintenanceAssertions":[],"maintenanceConditions":null,"regulatoryReviews":{},"seedReviews":{}},"legacyCompatibilityProjection":{"nativeStates":[],"invasiveIn":[]},"localAssessmentContract":"Compare each dimension separately. State noxious-weed seed designations are material-scoped and never become non-seed plant restrictions, ecological-invasive findings, nursery restrictions, alternatives, product evidence, or fire votes. Introduced/established context is not an invasive warning. Minimum-only hardiness has no inferred maximum; canonical source-temperature conversion is validated and contradictory applicable rows project no primary zone. L48 context applies only to conterminous states and is never exact-state status. Fire-performance conditions are not maintenance advice. FEIS fire-ecology context does not vote in the plant classification. Absence of a status row is not regulatory clearance."}