{"id":"echinacea","license":"CC-BY-4.0","data":{"scientificName":"Echinacea spp.","commonNames":["Coneflower"],"taxonRank":"genus","acceptedName":"Echinacea","family":"Asteraceae","ids":{"gbifKey":3150914,"itisTsn":157891,"wikidataQid":"Q249907","inatTaxonId":774993},"usdaZoneMin":"3a","usdaZoneMax":"8b","zoneSource":"dovetail-2017","states":["MN"],"hardinessAssertions":[{"minimum":"3","maximum":"8","interpretation":"explicit-range","precision":"whole-zone","zoneMapping":"source-stated","applicability":"applicable","source":"dovetail-ne-minnesota","sourceRecordId":"table-2-row-11","sourceTaxon":"Echinacea spp.","taxonMatch":"exact","sourcePlacement":"Table 2 row 11, Hardiness Zones column","sourceVersion":"2017","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z"}],"plantForm":"perennial","sun":"flexible","waterNeed":"low","photo":{"file":"/images/plants/echinacea.jpg","sourceUrl":"https://www.inaturalist.org/photos/65472908","observationUrl":"https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/41280318","license":"cc-by","attribution":"(c) Erin McKittrick, some rights reserved (CC BY)","fetchedOn":"2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z"},"evidence":[{"source":"dovetail-ne-minnesota","verdict":"recommend","verdictRaw":"Low flammability (UF Circ 1453 key)","sourcePlacement":{"value":"plantable 3-30 ft from a building","scheme":"dovetail-distance"},"edition":"2017","url":"https://dovetailinc.org/land_use_pdfs/mnfirewiselandscapefulllength.pdf","accessedOn":"2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"firesmart-bc","verdict":"recommend","verdictRaw":"FireSmart-approved fire-resistant plant","sourcePlacement":{"value":"suitable for HIZ extended zone (30-100 m)","scheme":"firesmart-hiz"},"url":"https://firesmartbc.ca/landscaping-hub/fire-resistant-plants/","accessedOn":"2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"lsu-hammond","verdict":"recommend","verdictRaw":"recommended for firewise landscaping in Louisiana","edition":"c. 2005-2010","url":"https://www.lsuagcenter.com/portals/our_offices/research_stations/hammond/features/research-updates/firewise-landscaping","accessedOn":"2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"idaho-firewise-master-db","verdict":"mixed","verdictRaw":"fire-resistance score 7 of 10","score":{"value":7,"scale":"idaho-0-10"},"sourcePlacement":{"value":"plantable at 40' from home","scheme":"idaho-distance"},"url":"https://idahofirewise.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/FireXResistanceXofXPlantsXMasterXDatabase.pdf","accessedOn":"2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z"}],"flammabilityClass":"fire-resistant","ratingReason":"limited-evidence","recommendation":"on-list","author":"grayson-graham","reviewStatus":"draft","lastVerified":"2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z","reviewNotes":"Photo auto-selected (top-voted iNat); human review pending."},"localAssessmentInputs":{"stateDistribution":["MN"],"nativeStates":[],"rangeAssertions":[{"relation":"documented-occurrence","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["MN"]},"provenance":"legacy-field"}],"usdaZoneMin":"3a","usdaZoneMax":"8b","hardinessAssertions":[{"minimum":"3","maximum":"8","interpretation":"explicit-range","precision":"whole-zone","zoneMapping":"source-stated","applicability":"applicable","source":"dovetail-ne-minnesota","sourceRecordId":"table-2-row-11","sourceTaxon":"Echinacea spp.","taxonMatch":"exact","sourcePlacement":"Table 2 row 11, Hardiness Zones column","sourceVersion":"2017","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"}],"hardinessSelection":{"status":"selected","assertion":{"minimum":"3","maximum":"8","interpretation":"explicit-range","precision":"whole-zone","zoneMapping":"source-stated","applicability":"applicable","source":"dovetail-ne-minnesota","sourceRecordId":"table-2-row-11","sourceTaxon":"Echinacea spp.","taxonMatch":"exact","sourcePlacement":"Table 2 row 11, Hardiness Zones column","sourceVersion":"2017","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"},"assertions":[{"minimum":"3","maximum":"8","interpretation":"explicit-range","precision":"whole-zone","zoneMapping":"source-stated","applicability":"applicable","source":"dovetail-ne-minnesota","sourceRecordId":"table-2-row-11","sourceTaxon":"Echinacea spp.","taxonMatch":"exact","sourcePlacement":"Table 2 row 11, Hardiness Zones column","sourceVersion":"2017","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"}]},"invasiveIn":[],"statusAssertions":[],"fireEvidenceClass":"fire-resistant","recommendation":"on-list","fireSourceScopes":[{"source":"dovetail-ne-minnesota","sourceName":"Landscaping for Wildfire Defensible Space in Northeastern Minnesota (Firewise)","sourceUrl":"https://dovetailinc.org/land_use_pdfs/mnfirewiselandscapefulllength.pdf","geography":{"grain":"aggregate-region","stateCodes":["MN"],"regions":["Northeastern Minnesota"]},"completeness":"partial","reviewStatus":"reviewed","scope":"Dovetail applies the UF/IFAS flammability key to northeastern Minnesota natives and publishes placement for 38 exact source owners. FireApproved exposes those rows only as northeastern Minnesota regional context and preserves the 3-to-30-foot versus beyond-30-foot source placement.","sourceVersion":"Dovetail-Northeastern-Minnesota-Firewise-2017","asOf":"2017-01-01T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"idaho-firewise-master-db","sourceName":"Fire Resistance of Plants Master Database","sourceUrl":"https://idahofirewise.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/FireXResistanceXofXPlantsXMasterXDatabase.pdf","geography":{"grain":"aggregate-region","stateCodes":["ID"],"regions":["Southern Idaho"]},"completeness":"partial","reviewStatus":"reviewed","scope":"The official database labels itself \"For Southern Idaho\" and describes Idaho residents at the urban-rangeland interface. FireApproved publishes 419 existing plant owners that cite its scored rows. This bounded Southern Idaho scope is regional context, not statewide coverage or a conclusion that the score transfers unchanged to every Idaho site.","sourceVersion":"Idaho-Firewise-Southern-Idaho-Master-2013-11-08","asOf":"2013-11-08T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"lsu-hammond","sourceName":"Firewise Landscaping (Hammond Research Station)","sourceUrl":"https://www.lsuagcenter.com/portals/our_offices/research_stations/hammond/features/research-updates/firewise-landscaping","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["LA"]},"completeness":"partial","reviewStatus":"reviewed","scope":"LSU AgCenter calls these 31 ornamentals commonly used in Louisiana and recommended for Louisiana firewise landscaping efforts. FireApproved publishes 31 exact source owners, mostly at the source's genus grain. Undocumented curation remains corroborative and is not site suitability.","sourceVersion":"LSU-Hammond-Firewise-Landscaping-2008-12-02","asOf":"2008-12-02T00:00:00.000Z"}],"firePerformanceConditions":[],"maintenanceAssertions":[],"maintenanceConditions":null,"regulatoryReviews":{},"seedReviews":{}},"legacyCompatibilityProjection":{"nativeStates":[],"invasiveIn":[],"usdaZoneMin":"3","usdaZoneMax":"8"},"localAssessmentContract":"Compare each dimension separately. State noxious-weed seed designations are material-scoped and never become non-seed plant restrictions, ecological-invasive findings, nursery restrictions, alternatives, product evidence, or fire votes. Introduced/established context is not an invasive warning. Minimum-only hardiness has no inferred maximum; canonical source-temperature conversion is validated and contradictory applicable rows project no primary zone. L48 context applies only to conterminous states and is never exact-state status. Fire-performance conditions are not maintenance advice. FEIS fire-ecology context does not vote in the plant classification. Absence of a status row is not regulatory clearance."}