{"id":"duchesnea-indica","license":"CC-BY-4.0","data":{"scientificName":"Duchesnea indica","commonNames":["Mock strawberry"],"taxonRank":"species","acceptedName":"Potentilla indica","family":"Rosaceae","ids":{"usdaSymbol":"DUIN2","gbifKey":5365717},"usdaZoneMin":"5a","usdaZoneMax":"9b","zoneSource":"osu-em-9103","states":["AL","AR","CA","CT","DC","DE","FL","GA","IA","IL","IN","KY","LA","MD","MI","MO","MS","NC","NE","NJ","NV","NY","OH","OK","OR","PA","SC","TN","TX","VA","WA","WI","WV"],"invasiveIn":[{"state":"L48","status":"invasive-reported","source":"us-riis"}],"statusAssertions":[{"status":"widespread-invasive","channel":"ecological","geography":{"grain":"aggregate-region","regions":["L48"]},"source":"us-riis-v2","sourceRecordId":"USRIIS-L48-Plantae7733","sourceVersion":"2.0 (November 2022)","asOf":"2022-10-23T00:00:00.000Z","sourceModified":"2022-07-15T00:00:00.000Z","sourceTaxon":{"name":"Duchesnea indica","rank":"species","rawRank":"Species"},"sourceDesignation":{"code":"E","label":"widespread invasive (category E)"},"associatedReferences":["USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) PLANTS Database (2021bap), https://plants.usda.gov/home/plantProfile?symbol=DUIN2"],"taxonProjection":{"basis":"exact-taxon","notes":"unique exact scientific/accepted name, rank, and family match"}}],"hardinessAssertions":[{"minimum":"5","maximum":"9","interpretation":"explicit-range","precision":"whole-zone","zoneMapping":"source-stated","applicability":"applicable","source":"osu-em-9103","sourceTaxon":"Duchesnea indica","taxonMatch":"exact","sourcePlacement":"Mock Strawberry profile (PDF page 18)","sourceVersion":"EM 9103, February 2015","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z"}],"plantForm":"perennial","photo":{"file":"/images/plants/duchesnea-indica.jpg","sourceUrl":"https://www.inaturalist.org/photos/40085167","license":"cc-by-sa","attribution":"(c) Alpsdake, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA)","fetchedOn":"2026-08-24T00:00:00.000Z"},"evidence":[{"source":"unr-compilation-good-plant-choices","verdict":"recommend","verdictRaw":"listed by at least two cited sources","claims":"Compilation marks: MT200101AG, OSU FRN 6.","edition":"SP-05-16 (2005)","url":"https://extension.unr.edu/publication.aspx?PubID=4762","documentDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-24T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"msu-montguide-mt200101ag","verdict":"recommend","verdictRaw":"listed fire-resistant","claims":"Listed among fire-resistant plant species adapted to Montana.","edition":"Current as of 4/22","url":"https://extension-store.montana.edu/montguides/fire-resistant-plants-for-montana-landscapes","documentDate":"2022-04-01T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-24T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"fitzgerald-waldo-2002-osu-frn6","verdict":"recommend","verdictRaw":"Fire-Resistant Plant Materials for Oregon","claims":"Duchesnea indica (Mock strawberry) is listed under “Groundcovers 18 inches and lower”. The guide says most listed plants require some irrigation during Oregon's dry summer months and must be maintained in a healthy condition.","plantPart":"whole-plant","condition":"green","sourcePlacement":{"value":"Oregon","scheme":"osu-frn6-oregon-regions"},"edition":"Forest Resource Note No. 6","url":"https://www.iatp.org/sites/default/files/Fire_Resistant_Plants_for_Oregon_Home_Landscap.pdf","documentDate":"2002-04-01T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"osu-em-9103","verdict":"recommend","verdictRaw":"fire-resistant plants that thrive in Willamette Valley growing conditions","claims":"The groundcovers profile lists Duchesnea indica as Mock Strawberry. The profile prints USDA Hardiness Zone: 5–9.","plantPart":"whole-plant","sourcePlacement":{"value":"Mock Strawberry profile (PDF page 18)","scheme":"osu-em-9103-profile"},"edition":"EM 9103, February 2015","url":"https://www.canbyfire.org/files/074d2a9e3/Fire-Resistant-Plants_Willamette-Valley.pdf","documentDate":"2015-02-01T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"lubin-shelly-1997-ucfpl-compilation","verdict":"recommend","verdictRaw":"RECOMMENDED by 7 references for use in high fire risk areas.","claims":"1997 Landscape Vegetation Database row: Duchesnea (syn Potentilla) indica (Mock strawberry). Preserved UCFPL transcription marker: F7.","plantPart":"whole-plant","sourcePlacement":{"value":"Chapter 4, Landscape Vegetation Database","scheme":"ucfpl-1997"},"edition":"Internal Report 36.01.137 (July 1997)","url":"https://www.firesafemonterey.org/uploads/1/0/6/5/10653434/uc_forestproductslabdefensiblespaceplantlist_ocr.pdf","documentDate":"1997-07-01T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"}],"flammabilityClass":"fire-resistant","ratingReason":"consensus","recommendation":"on-list","author":"grayson-graham","reviewStatus":"draft","lastVerified":"2026-08-24T00:00:00.000Z","reviewNotes":"Photo selected from license-verified candidates and human-reviewed 2026-08-24 (joint session)."},"localAssessmentInputs":{"stateDistribution":["AL","AR","CA","CT","DC","DE","FL","GA","IA","IL","IN","KY","LA","MD","MI","MO","MS","NC","NE","NJ","NV","NY","OH","OK","OR","PA","SC","TN","TX","VA","WA","WI","WV"],"nativeStates":[],"rangeAssertions":[{"relation":"documented-occurrence","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["AL","AR","CA","CT","DC","DE","FL","GA","IA","IL","IN","KY","LA","MD","MI","MO","MS","NC","NE","NJ","NV","NY","OH","OK","OR","PA","SC","TN","TX","VA","WA","WI","WV"]},"provenance":"legacy-field"}],"usdaZoneMin":"5a","usdaZoneMax":"9b","hardinessAssertions":[{"minimum":"5","maximum":"9","interpretation":"explicit-range","precision":"whole-zone","zoneMapping":"source-stated","applicability":"applicable","source":"osu-em-9103","sourceTaxon":"Duchesnea indica","taxonMatch":"exact","sourcePlacement":"Mock Strawberry profile (PDF page 18)","sourceVersion":"EM 9103, February 2015","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"}],"hardinessSelection":{"status":"selected","assertion":{"minimum":"5","maximum":"9","interpretation":"explicit-range","precision":"whole-zone","zoneMapping":"source-stated","applicability":"applicable","source":"osu-em-9103","sourceTaxon":"Duchesnea indica","taxonMatch":"exact","sourcePlacement":"Mock Strawberry profile (PDF page 18)","sourceVersion":"EM 9103, February 2015","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"},"assertions":[{"minimum":"5","maximum":"9","interpretation":"explicit-range","precision":"whole-zone","zoneMapping":"source-stated","applicability":"applicable","source":"osu-em-9103","sourceTaxon":"Duchesnea indica","taxonMatch":"exact","sourcePlacement":"Mock Strawberry profile (PDF page 18)","sourceVersion":"EM 9103, February 2015","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"}]},"invasiveIn":[{"state":"L48","status":"invasive-reported","source":"us-riis"}],"statusAssertions":[{"status":"widespread-invasive","channel":"ecological","geography":{"grain":"aggregate-region","regions":["L48"]},"source":"us-riis-v2","sourceRecordId":"USRIIS-L48-Plantae7733","sourceVersion":"2.0 (November 2022)","asOf":"2022-10-23T00:00:00.000Z","sourceModified":"2022-07-15T00:00:00.000Z","sourceTaxon":{"name":"Duchesnea indica","rank":"species","rawRank":"Species"},"sourceDesignation":{"code":"E","label":"widespread invasive (category E)"},"associatedReferences":["USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) PLANTS Database (2021bap), https://plants.usda.gov/home/plantProfile?symbol=DUIN2"],"taxonProjection":{"basis":"exact-taxon","notes":"unique exact scientific/accepted name, rank, and family match"},"provenance":"cited"}],"fireEvidenceClass":"fire-resistant","recommendation":"on-list","fireSourceScopes":[{"source":"lubin-shelly-1997-ucfpl-compilation","sourceName":"Defensible Space Landscaping in the Urban/Wildland Interface: A Compilation of Fire Performance Ratings of Residential Landscape Plants","sourceUrl":"https://www.firesafemonterey.org/uploads/1/0/6/5/10653434/uc_forestproductslabdefensiblespaceplantlist_ocr.pdf","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["CA"]},"completeness":"partial","reviewStatus":"reviewed","scope":"The UC Forest Products Laboratory says the guide covers properties of common California landscaping plants and was prepared for California fire agencies. FireApproved publishes 130 exact owners at historical California publication scope. The report is a 1997 compilation, not a current endorsement, site rating, or independent test of every row.","sourceVersion":"UCFPL-Internal-Report-36.01.137-1997-07","asOf":"1997-07-01T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"msu-montguide-mt200101ag","sourceName":"Fire-Resistant Plants for Montana Landscapes (MontGuide MT200101AG)","sourceUrl":"https://extension-store.montana.edu/montguides/fire-resistant-plants-for-montana-landscapes","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["MT"]},"completeness":"partial","reviewStatus":"reviewed","scope":"The April 2022 MontGuide explicitly presents fire-resistant species adapted to Montana. FireApproved publishes 92 exact plant records from the source while retaining excluded genus, family, and unresolved rows; the guide itself says not every listed species grows in every part of the state.","sourceVersion":"MT200101AG-current-2022-04","asOf":"2022-04-01T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"osu-em-9103","sourceName":"Fire-resistant Landscape Plants for the Willamette Valley (EM 9103)","sourceUrl":"https://www.canbyfire.org/files/074d2a9e3/Fire-Resistant-Plants_Willamette-Valley.pdf","geography":{"grain":"aggregate-region","stateCodes":["OR"],"regions":["Willamette Valley"]},"completeness":"partial","reviewStatus":"reviewed","scope":"OSU Extension says EM 9103 highlights fire-resistant plants that thrive under Willamette Valley growing conditions. FireApproved publishes 172 exact owners only as valley context. The guide shares the PNW 590 lineage and is not a second independent vote or statewide site clearance.","sourceVersion":"OSU-EM-9103-2015-02","asOf":"2015-02-01T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"unr-compilation-good-plant-choices","sourceName":"A Compilation of Good Plant Choices for Nevada's High Fire Hazard Areas (SP-05-16)","sourceUrl":"https://extension.unr.edu/publication.aspx?PubID=4762","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["NV"]},"completeness":"partial","reviewStatus":"reviewed","scope":"University of Nevada Cooperative Extension compiled plants suited to Nevada climate zones and reported favorably by at least two upstream firewise lists. FireApproved publishes 126 exact source owners at Nevada publication scope. The source explicitly makes no independent flammability determination, so these rows remain corroborative.","sourceVersion":"UNR-Extension-SP-05-16-2005","asOf":"2005-01-01T00:00:00.000Z"}],"firePerformanceConditions":[{"condition":"green","evidence":[{"source":"fitzgerald-waldo-2002-osu-frn6","verdict":"recommend","url":"https://www.iatp.org/sites/default/files/Fire_Resistant_Plants_for_Oregon_Home_Landscap.pdf","claims":"Duchesnea indica (Mock strawberry) is listed under “Groundcovers 18 inches and lower”. The guide says most listed plants require some irrigation during Oregon's dry summer months and must be maintained in a healthy condition.","evidenceIndex":2}]}],"maintenanceAssertions":[],"maintenanceConditions":null,"regulatoryReviews":{},"seedReviews":{}},"legacyCompatibilityProjection":{"nativeStates":[],"invasiveIn":[{"state":"L48","status":"invasive-reported","source":"us-riis-v2"}],"usdaZoneMin":"5","usdaZoneMax":"9"},"localAssessmentContract":"Compare each dimension separately. State noxious-weed seed designations are material-scoped and never become non-seed plant restrictions, ecological-invasive findings, nursery restrictions, alternatives, product evidence, or fire votes. Introduced/established context is not an invasive warning. Minimum-only hardiness has no inferred maximum; canonical source-temperature conversion is validated and contradictory applicable rows project no primary zone. L48 context applies only to conterminous states and is never exact-state status. Fire-performance conditions are not maintenance advice. FEIS fire-ecology context does not vote in the plant classification. Absence of a status row is not regulatory clearance."}