{"id":"corymbia-gummifera","license":"CC-BY-4.0","data":{"scientificName":"Corymbia gummifera","commonNames":["Corymbia gummifera"],"taxonRank":"species","acceptedName":"Corymbia gummifera","family":"Myrtaceae","ids":{"usdaSymbol":"COGU4","gbifKey":5418493},"states":["HI"],"rangeAssertions":[{"relation":"introduced","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["HI"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 6 — PACIFIC","TDWG level 2 63 — North-Central Pacific","TDWG level 3 HAW — Hawaii"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z"}],"statusAssertions":[{"status":"introduced-established","channel":"ecological","geography":{"grain":"aggregate-region","regions":["HI"]},"source":"us-riis-v2","sourceRecordId":"USRIIS-HI-Plantae7320","sourceVersion":"2.0 (November 2022)","asOf":"2022-10-23T00:00:00.000Z","sourceModified":"2017-11-21T00:00:00.000Z","sourceTaxon":{"name":"Corymbia gummifera","rank":"species","rawRank":"Species"},"sourceDesignation":{"code":"C3","label":"established (category C3)"},"associatedReferences":["USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) PLANTS Database (2021anl), https://plants.usda.gov/home/plantProfile?symbol=COGU4"],"taxonProjection":{"basis":"exact-taxon","notes":"exact source identifier, rank, family, and scientific/accepted name"}}],"plantForm":"tree","evidence":[{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 3.59","score":{"value":3.59,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 4061; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device muffle furnace; site Grootemaat2015-1; sampling ND. Primary study Grootemaat2015: Grootemaat, S., Wright, I. J., Bodegom, P. M., Cornelissen, J. H., & Cornwell, W. K. (2015). Burn or rot: leaf traits explain why flammability and decomposability are decoupled across species. Functional Ecology, 29, 1486-1497.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Grootemaat2015","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"flaming duration (s): 7.07","score":{"value":7.07,"scale":"FLAMITS — flaming duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 4093; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device muffle furnace; site Grootemaat2015-1; sampling ND. Primary study Grootemaat2015: Grootemaat, S., Wright, I. J., Bodegom, P. M., Cornelissen, J. H., & Cornwell, W. K. (2015). Burn or rot: leaf traits explain why flammability and decomposability are decoupled across species. Functional Ecology, 29, 1486-1497.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Grootemaat2015","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"smouldering duration (s): 46.42","score":{"value":46.42,"scale":"FLAMITS — smouldering duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 4125; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device muffle furnace; site Grootemaat2015-1; sampling ND. Primary study Grootemaat2015: Grootemaat, S., Wright, I. J., Bodegom, P. M., Cornelissen, J. H., & Cornwell, W. K. (2015). Burn or rot: leaf traits explain why flammability and decomposability are decoupled across species. Functional Ecology, 29, 1486-1497.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Grootemaat2015","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"burning duration (s): 53.49","score":{"value":53.49,"scale":"FLAMITS — burning duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 4157; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device muffle furnace; site Grootemaat2015-1; sampling ND. Primary study Grootemaat2015: Grootemaat, S., Wright, I. J., Bodegom, P. M., Cornelissen, J. H., & Cornwell, W. K. (2015). Burn or rot: leaf traits explain why flammability and decomposability are decoupled across species. Functional Ecology, 29, 1486-1497.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Grootemaat2015","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 8.86","score":{"value":8.86,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 4189; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device muffle furnace; site Grootemaat2015-1; sampling ND. Primary study Grootemaat2015: Grootemaat, S., Wright, I. J., Bodegom, P. M., Cornelissen, J. H., & Cornwell, W. K. (2015). Burn or rot: leaf traits explain why flammability and decomposability are decoupled across species. Functional Ecology, 29, 1486-1497.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Grootemaat2015","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"burning duration (s): 48.56","score":{"value":48.56,"scale":"FLAMITS — burning duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 4221; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device muffle furnace; site Grootemaat2015-1; sampling ND. Primary study Grootemaat2015: Grootemaat, S., Wright, I. J., Bodegom, P. M., Cornelissen, J. H., & Cornwell, W. K. (2015). Burn or rot: leaf traits explain why flammability and decomposability are decoupled across species. Functional Ecology, 29, 1486-1497.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Grootemaat2015","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"smouldering duration (s): 40.26","score":{"value":40.26,"scale":"FLAMITS — smouldering duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 4253; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device muffle furnace; site Grootemaat2015-1; sampling ND. Primary study Grootemaat2015: Grootemaat, S., Wright, I. J., Bodegom, P. M., Cornelissen, J. H., & Cornwell, W. K. (2015). Burn or rot: leaf traits explain why flammability and decomposability are decoupled across species. Functional Ecology, 29, 1486-1497.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Grootemaat2015","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"flaming duration (s): 8.3","score":{"value":8.3,"scale":"FLAMITS — flaming duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 4285; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device muffle furnace; site Grootemaat2015-1; sampling ND. Primary study Grootemaat2015: Grootemaat, S., Wright, I. J., Bodegom, P. M., Cornelissen, J. H., & Cornwell, W. K. (2015). Burn or rot: leaf traits explain why flammability and decomposability are decoupled across species. Functional Ecology, 29, 1486-1497.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Grootemaat2015","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 2.43","score":{"value":2.43,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 4317; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device muffle furnace; site Grootemaat2015-1; sampling ND. Primary study Grootemaat2015: Grootemaat, S., Wright, I. J., Bodegom, P. M., Cornelissen, J. H., & Cornwell, W. K. (2015). Burn or rot: leaf traits explain why flammability and decomposability are decoupled across species. Functional Ecology, 29, 1486-1497.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Grootemaat2015","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"flaming duration (s): 7.38","score":{"value":7.38,"scale":"FLAMITS — flaming duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 4347; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device muffle furnace; site Grootemaat2015-1; sampling ND. Primary study Grootemaat2015: Grootemaat, S., Wright, I. J., Bodegom, P. M., Cornelissen, J. H., & Cornwell, W. K. (2015). Burn or rot: leaf traits explain why flammability and decomposability are decoupled across species. Functional Ecology, 29, 1486-1497.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Grootemaat2015","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"smouldering duration (s): 36.37","score":{"value":36.37,"scale":"FLAMITS — smouldering duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 4377; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device muffle furnace; site Grootemaat2015-1; sampling ND. Primary study Grootemaat2015: Grootemaat, S., Wright, I. J., Bodegom, P. M., Cornelissen, J. H., & Cornwell, W. K. (2015). Burn or rot: leaf traits explain why flammability and decomposability are decoupled across species. Functional Ecology, 29, 1486-1497.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Grootemaat2015","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"burning duration (s): 43.75","score":{"value":43.75,"scale":"FLAMITS — burning duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 4407; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device muffle furnace; site Grootemaat2015-1; sampling ND. Primary study Grootemaat2015: Grootemaat, S., Wright, I. J., Bodegom, P. M., Cornelissen, J. H., & Cornwell, W. K. (2015). Burn or rot: leaf traits explain why flammability and decomposability are decoupled across species. Functional Ecology, 29, 1486-1497.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Grootemaat2015","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"maximum flame temperature (°C): 646.56","score":{"value":646.56,"scale":"FLAMITS — maximum flame temperature (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 4466; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device muffle furnace; site Grootemaat2017a-1; sampling december. Primary study Grootemaat2017a: Grootemaat, S., Wright, I .J., Van Bodegom, P. M., & Cornelissen, J. H. (2017). Scaling up flammability from individual leaves to fuel beds. Oikos, 126, 1428-1438.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Grootemaat2017a","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"rate of burning spread (cm/s): 0.16","score":{"value":0.16,"scale":"FLAMITS — rate of burning spread (cm/s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 4490; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device muffle furnace; site Grootemaat2017a-1; sampling december. Primary study Grootemaat2017a: Grootemaat, S., Wright, I .J., Van Bodegom, P. M., & Cornelissen, J. H. (2017). Scaling up flammability from individual leaves to fuel beds. Oikos, 126, 1428-1438.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Grootemaat2017a","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"burnt biomass (%): 96.03","score":{"value":96.03,"scale":"FLAMITS — burnt biomass (%)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 4516; Consumability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device muffle furnace; site Grootemaat2017a-1; sampling december. Primary study Grootemaat2017a: Grootemaat, S., Wright, I .J., Van Bodegom, P. M., & Cornelissen, J. H. (2017). Scaling up flammability from individual leaves to fuel beds. Oikos, 126, 1428-1438.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Grootemaat2017a","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 3.42","score":{"value":3.42,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 4538; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device muffle furnace; site Grootemaat2017b-1; sampling december. Primary study Grootemaat2017b: Grootemaat, S., Wright, I. J., Van Bodegom, P. M., Cornelissen, J. H., & Shaw, V. (2017). Bark traits, decomposition and flammability of Australian forest trees. Australian Journal of Botany, 65, 327.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Grootemaat2017b","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"smouldering duration per mass (s/g): 82.76","score":{"value":82.76,"scale":"FLAMITS — smouldering duration per mass (s/g)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 4548; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device muffle furnace; site Grootemaat2017b-1; sampling december. Primary study Grootemaat2017b: Grootemaat, S., Wright, I. J., Van Bodegom, P. M., Cornelissen, J. H., & Shaw, V. (2017). Bark traits, decomposition and flammability of Australian forest trees. Australian Journal of Botany, 65, 327.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Grootemaat2017b","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"mass loss rate (g/s): 10.16","score":{"value":10.16,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 4558; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device muffle furnace; site Grootemaat2017b-1; sampling december. Primary study Grootemaat2017b: Grootemaat, S., Wright, I. J., Van Bodegom, P. M., Cornelissen, J. H., & Shaw, V. (2017). Bark traits, decomposition and flammability of Australian forest trees. Australian Journal of Botany, 65, 327.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Grootemaat2017b","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"flaming duration per mass (s/g): 21.63","score":{"value":21.63,"scale":"FLAMITS — flaming duration per mass (s/g)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 4568; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel dead; predrying no; device muffle furnace; site Grootemaat2017b-1; sampling december. Primary study Grootemaat2017b: Grootemaat, S., Wright, I. J., Van Bodegom, P. M., Cornelissen, J. H., & Shaw, V. (2017). Bark traits, decomposition and flammability of Australian forest trees. Australian Journal of Botany, 65, 327.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Grootemaat2017b","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 6.55","score":{"value":6.55,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 4578; Ignitability measurement; plant part bark; fuel live; predrying no; device muffle furnace; site Grootemaat2017b-1; sampling december. Primary study Grootemaat2017b: Grootemaat, S., Wright, I. J., Van Bodegom, P. M., Cornelissen, J. H., & Shaw, V. (2017). Bark traits, decomposition and flammability of Australian forest trees. Australian Journal of Botany, 65, 327.","plantPart":"bark","original":"Grootemaat2017b","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"smouldering duration per mass (s/g): 143.35","score":{"value":143.35,"scale":"FLAMITS — smouldering duration per mass (s/g)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 4588; Sustainability measurement; plant part bark; fuel live; predrying no; device muffle furnace; site Grootemaat2017b-1; sampling december. Primary study Grootemaat2017b: Grootemaat, S., Wright, I. J., Van Bodegom, P. M., Cornelissen, J. H., & Shaw, V. (2017). Bark traits, decomposition and flammability of Australian forest trees. Australian Journal of Botany, 65, 327.","plantPart":"bark","original":"Grootemaat2017b","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"mass loss rate (g/s): 6.42","score":{"value":6.42,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 4598; Combustibility measurement; plant part bark; fuel live; predrying no; device muffle furnace; site Grootemaat2017b-1; sampling december. Primary study Grootemaat2017b: Grootemaat, S., Wright, I. J., Van Bodegom, P. M., Cornelissen, J. H., & Shaw, V. (2017). Bark traits, decomposition and flammability of Australian forest trees. Australian Journal of Botany, 65, 327.","plantPart":"bark","original":"Grootemaat2017b","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"flaming duration per mass (s/g): 65.22","score":{"value":65.22,"scale":"FLAMITS — flaming duration per mass (s/g)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 4608; Sustainability measurement; plant part bark; fuel live; predrying no; device muffle furnace; site Grootemaat2017b-1; sampling december. Primary study Grootemaat2017b: Grootemaat, S., Wright, I. J., Van Bodegom, P. M., Cornelissen, J. H., & Shaw, V. (2017). Bark traits, decomposition and flammability of Australian forest trees. Australian Journal of Botany, 65, 327.","plantPart":"bark","original":"Grootemaat2017b","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 10.9","score":{"value":10.9,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 5964; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device muffle furnace; site Krix2019-1; sampling june to august. Primary study Krix2019: Krix, D. W., Phillips, M. L., & Murray, B. R. (2019). Relationships among leaf flammability attributes and identifying low-leaf-flammability species at the wildland-urban interface. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 28, 295-307.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Krix2019","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"flaming duration (s): 6.2","score":{"value":6.2,"scale":"FLAMITS — flaming duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6016; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device muffle furnace; site Krix2019-1; sampling june to august. Primary study Krix2019: Krix, D. W., Phillips, M. L., & Murray, B. R. (2019). Relationships among leaf flammability attributes and identifying low-leaf-flammability species at the wildland-urban interface. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 28, 295-307.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Krix2019","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to smoke (s): 7.3","score":{"value":7.3,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to smoke (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6051; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device muffle furnace; site Krix2019-1; sampling june to august. Primary study Krix2019: Krix, D. W., Phillips, M. L., & Murray, B. R. (2019). Relationships among leaf flammability attributes and identifying low-leaf-flammability species at the wildland-urban interface. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 28, 295-307.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Krix2019","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 12.8","score":{"value":12.8,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6103; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device muffle furnace; site Krix2019-1; sampling june to august. Primary study Krix2019: Krix, D. W., Phillips, M. L., & Murray, B. R. (2019). Relationships among leaf flammability attributes and identifying low-leaf-flammability species at the wildland-urban interface. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 28, 295-307.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Krix2019","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"smoke duration (s): 9.5","score":{"value":9.5,"scale":"FLAMITS — smoke duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6138; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device muffle furnace; site Krix2019-1; sampling june to august. Primary study Krix2019: Krix, D. W., Phillips, M. L., & Murray, B. R. (2019). Relationships among leaf flammability attributes and identifying low-leaf-flammability species at the wildland-urban interface. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 28, 295-307.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Krix2019","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"burning duration (s): 53.7","score":{"value":53.7,"scale":"FLAMITS — burning duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 6198; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device muffle furnace; site Krix2019-1; sampling june to august. Primary study Krix2019: Krix, D. W., Phillips, M. L., & Murray, B. R. (2019). Relationships among leaf flammability attributes and identifying low-leaf-flammability species at the wildland-urban interface. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 28, 295-307.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Krix2019","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 11.42","score":{"value":11.42,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 9674; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device muffle furnace; site Murray2013-1; sampling march to april. Primary study Murray2013: Murray, B. R., Hardstaff, L. K., & Phillips, M. L. (2013). Differences in leaf flammability, leaf traits and flammability-trait relationships between native and exotic plant species of dry sclerophyll forest. PLoS One, 8, e79205.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Murray2013","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 14.02","score":{"value":14.02,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 14777; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device muffle furnace; site Krix2022-1; sampling . Primary study Krix2022: Krix, D. W., & Murray, B. R. A. (2022). Predictive Model of Leaf Flammability Using Leaf Traits and Radiant Heat Flux for Plants of Fire-Prone Dry Sclerophyll Forest. Forests, 13, 152.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Krix2022","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 9.63","score":{"value":9.63,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 14778; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device muffle furnace; site Krix2022-1; sampling . Primary study Krix2022: Krix, D. W., & Murray, B. R. A. (2022). Predictive Model of Leaf Flammability Using Leaf Traits and Radiant Heat Flux for Plants of Fire-Prone Dry Sclerophyll Forest. Forests, 13, 152.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Krix2022","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 5.28","score":{"value":5.28,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 14779; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device muffle furnace; site Krix2022-1; sampling . Primary study Krix2022: Krix, D. W., & Murray, B. R. A. (2022). Predictive Model of Leaf Flammability Using Leaf Traits and Radiant Heat Flux for Plants of Fire-Prone Dry Sclerophyll Forest. Forests, 13, 152.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Krix2022","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 2.99","score":{"value":2.99,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 14780; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device muffle furnace; site Krix2022-1; sampling . Primary study Krix2022: Krix, D. W., & Murray, B. R. A. (2022). Predictive Model of Leaf Flammability Using Leaf Traits and Radiant Heat Flux for Plants of Fire-Prone Dry Sclerophyll Forest. Forests, 13, 152.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Krix2022","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"burning duration (s): 74.27","score":{"value":74.27,"scale":"FLAMITS — burning duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 14816; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device muffle furnace; site Krix2022-1; sampling . Primary study Krix2022: Krix, D. W., & Murray, B. R. A. (2022). Predictive Model of Leaf Flammability Using Leaf Traits and Radiant Heat Flux for Plants of Fire-Prone Dry Sclerophyll Forest. Forests, 13, 152.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Krix2022","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"burning duration (s): 43.14","score":{"value":43.14,"scale":"FLAMITS — burning duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 14817; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device muffle furnace; site Krix2022-1; sampling . Primary study Krix2022: Krix, D. W., & Murray, B. R. A. (2022). Predictive Model of Leaf Flammability Using Leaf Traits and Radiant Heat Flux for Plants of Fire-Prone Dry Sclerophyll Forest. Forests, 13, 152.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Krix2022","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"burning duration (s): 36.92","score":{"value":36.92,"scale":"FLAMITS — burning duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 14818; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device muffle furnace; site Krix2022-1; sampling . Primary study Krix2022: Krix, D. W., & Murray, B. R. A. (2022). Predictive Model of Leaf Flammability Using Leaf Traits and Radiant Heat Flux for Plants of Fire-Prone Dry Sclerophyll Forest. Forests, 13, 152.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Krix2022","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"burning duration (s): 31.94","score":{"value":31.94,"scale":"FLAMITS — burning duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 14819; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device muffle furnace; site Krix2022-1; sampling . Primary study Krix2022: Krix, D. W., & Murray, B. R. A. (2022). Predictive Model of Leaf Flammability Using Leaf Traits and Radiant Heat Flux for Plants of Fire-Prone Dry Sclerophyll Forest. Forests, 13, 152.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Krix2022","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"time to flaming (s): 2.46","score":{"value":2.46,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 19369; Ignitability measurement; plant part branches; fuel all; predrying yes; device grill; site Murray2023-1; sampling ND. Primary study Murray2023: Murray, B. R., Hawthorne, T., Curran, T. J., Krix, D. W., Wallace, M. I., Young, K., ... & Webb, J. K. (2023). Shoot flammability patterns among plant species of the wildland–urban interface in the fire-prone Greater Blue Mountains World Heritage Area. International Journal of Wildland Fire, Online early.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Murray2023","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"burning duration (s): 64.13","score":{"value":64.13,"scale":"FLAMITS — burning duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 19370; Sustainability measurement; plant part branches; fuel all; predrying yes; device grill; site Murray2023-1; sampling ND. Primary study Murray2023: Murray, B. R., Hawthorne, T., Curran, T. J., Krix, D. W., Wallace, M. I., Young, K., ... & Webb, J. K. (2023). Shoot flammability patterns among plant species of the wildland–urban interface in the fire-prone Greater Blue Mountains World Heritage Area. International Journal of Wildland Fire, Online early.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Murray2023","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"maximum flame temperature (°C): 716.33","score":{"value":716.33,"scale":"FLAMITS — maximum flame temperature (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 19371; Combustibility measurement; plant part branches; fuel all; predrying yes; device grill; site Murray2023-1; sampling ND. Primary study Murray2023: Murray, B. R., Hawthorne, T., Curran, T. J., Krix, D. W., Wallace, M. I., Young, K., ... & Webb, J. K. (2023). Shoot flammability patterns among plant species of the wildland–urban interface in the fire-prone Greater Blue Mountains World Heritage Area. International Journal of Wildland Fire, Online early.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Murray2023","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"estimated burnt biomass (%): 62.33","score":{"value":62.33,"scale":"FLAMITS — estimated burnt biomass (%)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 19372; Consumability measurement; plant part branches; fuel all; predrying yes; device grill; site Murray2023-1; sampling ND. Primary study Murray2023: Murray, B. R., Hawthorne, T., Curran, T. J., Krix, D. W., Wallace, M. I., Young, K., ... & Webb, J. K. (2023). Shoot flammability patterns among plant species of the wildland–urban interface in the fire-prone Greater Blue Mountains World Heritage Area. International Journal of Wildland Fire, Online early.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Murray2023","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"}],"flammabilityClass":"mixed-evidence","ratingReason":"limited-evidence","recommendation":"candidate","author":"grayson-graham","reviewStatus":"draft","lastVerified":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z","reviewNotes":"FLAMITS measurements are retained as non-voting evidence; the database publishes no cross-variable directional threshold."},"localAssessmentInputs":{"stateDistribution":["HI"],"nativeStates":[],"rangeAssertions":[{"relation":"introduced","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["HI"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 6 — PACIFIC","TDWG level 2 63 — North-Central Pacific","TDWG level 3 HAW — Hawaii"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"},{"relation":"documented-occurrence","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["HI"]},"provenance":"legacy-field"}],"usdaZoneMin":null,"usdaZoneMax":null,"hardinessAssertions":[],"hardinessSelection":{"status":"none","assertions":[]},"invasiveIn":[],"statusAssertions":[{"status":"introduced-established","channel":"ecological","geography":{"grain":"aggregate-region","regions":["HI"]},"source":"us-riis-v2","sourceRecordId":"USRIIS-HI-Plantae7320","sourceVersion":"2.0 (November 2022)","asOf":"2022-10-23T00:00:00.000Z","sourceModified":"2017-11-21T00:00:00.000Z","sourceTaxon":{"name":"Corymbia gummifera","rank":"species","rawRank":"Species"},"sourceDesignation":{"code":"C3","label":"established (category C3)"},"associatedReferences":["USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) PLANTS Database (2021anl), https://plants.usda.gov/home/plantProfile?symbol=COGU4"],"taxonProjection":{"basis":"exact-taxon","notes":"exact source identifier, rank, family, and scientific/accepted name"},"provenance":"cited"}],"fireEvidenceClass":"mixed-evidence","recommendation":"candidate","fireSourceScopes":[],"firePerformanceConditions":[],"maintenanceAssertions":[],"maintenanceConditions":null,"regulatoryReviews":{},"seedReviews":{}},"legacyCompatibilityProjection":{"nativeStates":[],"invasiveIn":[]},"localAssessmentContract":"Compare each dimension separately. State noxious-weed seed designations are material-scoped and never become non-seed plant restrictions, ecological-invasive findings, nursery restrictions, alternatives, product evidence, or fire votes. Introduced/established context is not an invasive warning. Minimum-only hardiness has no inferred maximum; canonical source-temperature conversion is validated and contradictory applicable rows project no primary zone. L48 context applies only to conterminous states and is never exact-state status. Fire-performance conditions are not maintenance advice. FEIS fire-ecology context does not vote in the plant classification. Absence of a status row is not regulatory clearance."}