{"id":"cornus-alba","license":"CC-BY-4.0","data":{"scientificName":"Cornus alba","commonNames":["Tatarian dogwood"],"taxonRank":"species","acceptedName":"Cornus alba","family":"Cornaceae","ids":{"gbifKey":8365953,"itisTsn":511438,"wikidataQid":"Q158228","inatTaxonId":124879},"usdaZoneMin":"3a","usdaZoneMax":"7b","zoneSource":"msu-e2948","states":["MI"],"rangeAssertions":[{"relation":"introduced","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["IL"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 74 — North-Central U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 ILL — Illinois"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z"}],"hardinessAssertions":[{"minimum":"3","maximum":"7","interpretation":"explicit-range","precision":"whole-zone","zoneMapping":"source-stated","applicability":"applicable","source":"msu-e2948","sourceRecordId":"shrub:Cornus alba","sourceTaxon":"Cornus alba","taxonMatch":"exact","sourcePlacement":"Table 1, shrub row","sourceVersion":"New, January 2007","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z"}],"plantForm":"shrub","photo":{"file":"/images/plants/cornus-alba.jpg","sourceUrl":"https://www.inaturalist.org/photos/158088400","observationUrl":"https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/95239483","license":"cc-by","attribution":"(c) Dmitriy Bochkov, some rights reserved (CC BY)","fetchedOn":"2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z"},"evidence":[{"source":"shan-2003-leaf-fire-ranking","verdict":"avoid","verdictRaw":"Author-named worst fire resistance","claims":"The authors place 红瑞木 among the ten taxa with the worst fire resistance after factor analysis of six litter-leaf traits.","claimOriginal":"抗火性最不好","plantPart":"litter","condition":"cured","edition":"2003","url":"https://html.rhhz.net/linyekexue/html/20030118.htm","documentDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-24T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"msu-e2948","verdict":"recommend","verdictRaw":"considered wildfire-resistant and are recommended for Michigan’s climate","claims":"Table 1 row: Cornus alba (Tatarian dogwood).","edition":"New, January 2007","url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20070714035839/http://www.firewise.org/usa/files/mi_wildfire_resistant.pdf","documentDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"temperature at flaming (°C): 263","score":{"value":263,"scale":"FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 12616; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device ignition temperature tester; site Shan2008-1; sampling ND. Primary study Shan2008: Shan, Y., Liu, N., & Shu, L. (2008). Flammability ranking of foliage species by factor analysis of physical and chemical pyric properties. Fire and Materials: An International Journal, 32, 371-382.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Shan2008","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"calorific value (kcal/kg): 4570.74","score":{"value":4570.74,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 12617; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Shan2008-1; sampling ND. Primary study Shan2008: Shan, Y., Liu, N., & Shu, L. (2008). Flammability ranking of foliage species by factor analysis of physical and chemical pyric properties. Fire and Materials: An International Journal, 32, 371-382.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Shan2008","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"}],"flammabilityClass":"mixed-evidence","ratingReason":"disputed","recommendation":"conflict","author":"grayson-graham","reviewStatus":"draft","lastVerified":"2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z","reviewNotes":"Photo auto-selected (top-voted iNat); human review pending."},"localAssessmentInputs":{"stateDistribution":["MI"],"nativeStates":[],"rangeAssertions":[{"relation":"introduced","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["IL"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 74 — North-Central U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 ILL — Illinois"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"},{"relation":"documented-occurrence","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["MI"]},"provenance":"legacy-field"}],"usdaZoneMin":"3a","usdaZoneMax":"7b","hardinessAssertions":[{"minimum":"3","maximum":"7","interpretation":"explicit-range","precision":"whole-zone","zoneMapping":"source-stated","applicability":"applicable","source":"msu-e2948","sourceRecordId":"shrub:Cornus alba","sourceTaxon":"Cornus alba","taxonMatch":"exact","sourcePlacement":"Table 1, shrub row","sourceVersion":"New, January 2007","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"}],"hardinessSelection":{"status":"selected","assertion":{"minimum":"3","maximum":"7","interpretation":"explicit-range","precision":"whole-zone","zoneMapping":"source-stated","applicability":"applicable","source":"msu-e2948","sourceRecordId":"shrub:Cornus alba","sourceTaxon":"Cornus alba","taxonMatch":"exact","sourcePlacement":"Table 1, shrub row","sourceVersion":"New, January 2007","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"},"assertions":[{"minimum":"3","maximum":"7","interpretation":"explicit-range","precision":"whole-zone","zoneMapping":"source-stated","applicability":"applicable","source":"msu-e2948","sourceRecordId":"shrub:Cornus alba","sourceTaxon":"Cornus alba","taxonMatch":"exact","sourcePlacement":"Table 1, shrub row","sourceVersion":"New, January 2007","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"}]},"invasiveIn":[],"statusAssertions":[],"fireEvidenceClass":"mixed-evidence","recommendation":"conflict","fireSourceScopes":[{"source":"msu-e2948","sourceName":"Wildfire-resistant Landscape Plants for Michigan (Extension Bulletin E2948)","sourceUrl":"https://web.archive.org/web/20070714035839/http://www.firewise.org/usa/files/mi_wildfire_resistant.pdf","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["MI"]},"completeness":"partial","reviewStatus":"reviewed","scope":"Michigan State University Extension Bulletin E2948 is explicitly a list of wildfire-resistant landscape plants for Michigan and includes a Michigan-native field. FireApproved publishes 221 exact GBIF owners from 226 represented source rows and holds 15 complex or non-exact rows. This dated publication scope is not a current site-suitability determination.","sourceVersion":"MSU-Extension-E2948-2007","asOf":"2007-01-01T00:00:00.000Z"}],"firePerformanceConditions":[{"condition":"cured","evidence":[{"source":"shan-2003-leaf-fire-ranking","verdict":"avoid","url":"https://html.rhhz.net/linyekexue/html/20030118.htm","claims":"The authors place 红瑞木 among the ten taxa with the worst fire resistance after factor analysis of six litter-leaf traits.","evidenceIndex":0}]}],"maintenanceAssertions":[],"maintenanceConditions":null,"regulatoryReviews":{},"seedReviews":{}},"legacyCompatibilityProjection":{"nativeStates":[],"invasiveIn":[],"usdaZoneMin":"3","usdaZoneMax":"7"},"localAssessmentContract":"Compare each dimension separately. State noxious-weed seed designations are material-scoped and never become non-seed plant restrictions, ecological-invasive findings, nursery restrictions, alternatives, product evidence, or fire votes. Introduced/established context is not an invasive warning. Minimum-only hardiness has no inferred maximum; canonical source-temperature conversion is validated and contradictory applicable rows project no primary zone. L48 context applies only to conterminous states and is never exact-state status. Fire-performance conditions are not maintenance advice. FEIS fire-ecology context does not vote in the plant classification. Absence of a status row is not regulatory clearance."}