{"id":"berberis-thunbergi","license":"CC-BY-4.0","data":{"scientificName":"Berberis thunbergi","commonNames":["Japanese barberry"],"taxonRank":"species","acceptedName":"Berberis thunbergii","family":"Berberidaceae","ids":{"usdaSymbol":"BETH","gbifKey":3033896,"itisTsn":18835,"wikidataQid":"Q158397","inatTaxonId":58727},"usdaZoneMin":"4a","zoneSource":"fps-2016","states":["CT","DC","DE","GA","IA","IL","IN","KS","KY","MA","MD","ME","MI","MN","MO","NC","ND","NE","NH","NJ","NY","OH","PA","RI","SC","SD","TN","VA","VT","WA","WI","WV","WY"],"invasiveIn":[{"state":"L48","status":"invasive-reported","source":"us-riis"}],"statusAssertions":[{"status":"prohibited","channel":"regulatory","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["DE"]},"authority":"Delaware Department of Agriculture","source":"delaware-3-de-admin-code-806-2026","sourceRecordId":"delaware:806:invasive:012","sourceVersion":"3-DE-Admin-Code-806-amended-effective-2026-05-11-reviewed-2026-08-26","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","sourceTaxon":{"name":"Berberis thunbergii","rank":"species","rawRank":"species"},"sourceDesignation":{"code":"3 DE Admin. Code 806 § 3.1","label":"Invasive Plant List — specified viable-material activities prohibited"},"associatedReferences":["https://agriculture.delaware.gov/plant-industries/nursery-inspection/","https://delcode.delaware.gov/title3/c029/index.html","https://regulations.delaware.gov/api/register/May2026/428efbc1-23e5-47a9-b127-094062022717","https://regulations.delaware.gov/api/register/March2026/de3aa728-afd8-4d61-8545-2609efcc0ca0"],"regulatoryConditions":[{"kind":"activity-restriction","statement":"No person may import, export, buy, sell, transport, distribute, or propagate any viable portion, including seeds, of a plant on the Invasive Plant List without the Secretary's prior written approval.","effectiveOn":"2022-07-01T00:00:00.000Z","sourceUrl":"https://delcode.delaware.gov/title3/c029/index.html"},{"kind":"permit-required","statement":"The Secretary may provide prior written approval for disposal, control, research or education, or export for one of those purposes.","sourceUrl":"https://delcode.delaware.gov/title3/c029/index.html"},{"kind":"material-scope-exception","statement":"The current Delaware Department of Agriculture list names these cultivars as exempt or conditionally exempt: ‘UCONNBTCP4N’; Trademark Name – Crimson Cutie, ‘UCONNBTB113’; Trademark Name – Lemon Cutie, ‘UCONNBTB048’; Trademark Name – Lemon Glow. Regulation 806 states that exemptions are conditional and subject to revocation. This species-page record is not a cultivar determination.","sourceUrl":"https://agriculture.delaware.gov/plant-industries/nursery-inspection/"}],"taxonProjection":{"basis":"accepted-name","legalScope":"includes-subordinate-taxa-with-exceptions","exceptionReview":"reviewed-not-excepted","notes":"unique exact same-rank source scientific/accepted name match; no subordinate projection; FireApproved publishes only this unique exact same-rank primary source name; source synonyms, subordinate taxa, and current named cultivar exemptions do not create separate positive or clearance records"}},{"status":"prohibited","channel":"regulatory","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["IN"]},"authority":"Indiana Department of Natural Resources","source":"indiana-312-iac-18-3-25-2020","sourceRecordId":"indiana:312-iac-18-3-25:a:007","sourceVersion":"IAC-2026-312-18-3-25+20190417-IR-312180316FRA+20190417-IR-312190176ACA+20250423-IR-312240574RFA","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","sourceTaxon":{"name":"Berberis thunbergii","rank":"species","rawRank":"species"},"sourceDesignation":{"code":"312 IAC 18-3-25","label":"Prohibited invasive terrestrial plant — current rule fully enforceable since April 18, 2020"},"associatedReferences":["https://iar.iga.in.gov/code/2026/312/18#312-18-3-25","https://www.in.gov/nrc/files/nrc_jan_2019_minutes.pdf","https://www.in.gov/nrc/files/LSA24-574_Readopted-Final-Rule.pdf","https://www.in.gov/dnr/rules-and-regulations/invasive-species/terrestrial-invasive-species-plants","https://www.in.gov/dnr/files/ep-terrestrial_plant_rule.pdf","https://www.in.gov/isda/files/guidebook_full-compressed.pdf"],"regulatoryConditions":[{"kind":"activity-restriction","statement":"The rule applies to any part or life stage of each listed species. A person must not sell, offer or grow for sale, gift, barter, exchange, distribute, transport, or transfer that material in Indiana.","effectiveOn":"2020-04-18T00:00:00.000Z","sourceUrl":"https://iar.iga.in.gov/code/2026/312/18#312-18-3-25"},{"kind":"activity-restriction","statement":"The rule applies to any part or life stage of each listed species. A person must not introduce that material in Indiana.","effectiveOn":"2019-04-18T00:00:00.000Z","sourceUrl":"https://iar.iga.in.gov/code/2026/312/18#312-18-3-25"},{"kind":"operational-exception","statement":"This section does not apply to a person who possesses a listed species under a permit issued by the Indiana State Entomologist.","sourceUrl":"https://iar.iga.in.gov/code/2026/312/18#312-18-3-25"},{"kind":"operational-exception","statement":"This section does not apply to a person engaged in a project approved by the Indiana State Entomologist for destruction of a listed species.","sourceUrl":"https://iar.iga.in.gov/code/2026/312/18#312-18-3-25"}],"taxonProjection":{"basis":"accepted-name","legalScope":"named-taxon-only","exceptionReview":"reviewed-not-excepted","notes":"unique exact same-rank source scientific/accepted name match; no subordinate projection; FireApproved publishes only this unique exact same-rank plant match and does not project hybrids, the infraspecific designation, or the parenthetical Chinese-yam form"}},{"status":"prohibited","channel":"regulatory","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["ME"]},"authority":"Maine Department of Agriculture, Conservation and Forestry","source":"maine-chapter-273-invasive-plants-2022-092","sourceRecordId":"maine:prohibited:009","sourceVersion":"Chapter-273-filing-2022-092-format-corrected-2025-09-24","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","sourceTaxon":{"name":"Berberis thunbergii","rank":"species","rawRank":"species"},"sourceDesignation":{"code":"Chapter 273 Do Not Sell","label":"Specified living-plant trade activities prohibited since 2018-01-01"},"associatedReferences":["https://www.maine.gov/DACF/php/horticulture/invasiveplants.shtml","https://www.maine.gov/sos/sites/maine.gov.sos/files/rules/001c273-2022-092.docx"],"regulatoryConditions":[{"kind":"activity-restriction","statement":"Living viable material may not be imported, exported, bought, sold, or intentionally propagated for sale or distribution.","effectiveOn":"2018-01-01T00:00:00.000Z","sourceUrl":"https://www.maine.gov/sos/sites/maine.gov.sos/files/rules/001c273-2022-092.docx"},{"kind":"permit-required","statement":"The State Horticulturist may permit importation and field experimentation for scientific, educational, or other approved purposes under prescribed conditions.","sourceUrl":"https://www.maine.gov/sos/sites/maine.gov.sos/files/rules/001c273-2022-092.docx"},{"kind":"material-scope-exception","statement":"Preserved herbarium specimens and material preserved by other means are exempt from Chapter 273.","sourceUrl":"https://www.maine.gov/sos/sites/maine.gov.sos/files/rules/001c273-2022-092.docx"}],"taxonProjection":{"basis":"accepted-name","legalScope":"includes-subordinate-taxa-with-exceptions","exceptionReview":"reviewed-not-excepted","notes":"unique exact same-rank source scientific/accepted name match; no subordinate projection; Chapter 273 defines species to include synonyms, subspecies, hybrids, varieties, forms, and cultivars, but FireApproved publishes only this unique exact species match; the rule provides a committee exemption process for researched subordinate taxa and no current approved-exemption roster was located"}},{"status":"prohibited","channel":"regulatory","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["MA"]},"authority":"Massachusetts Department of Agricultural Resources","source":"massachusetts-prohibited-plant-list-2026-05","sourceRecordId":"massachusetts:075:berberis-thunbergii","sourceVersion":"Massachusetts-Prohibited-Plant-List-May-2026","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","sourceTaxon":{"name":"Berberis thunbergii","rank":"species","rawRank":"species"},"sourceDesignation":{"code":"Massachusetts Prohibited Plant List","label":"Prohibited"},"associatedReferences":["https://www.mass.gov/info-details/massachusetts-prohibited-plant-list","https://www.mass.gov/files/csv/2026-05/prohibitedplantlistMay2026.csv"],"taxonProjection":{"basis":"accepted-name","legalScope":"includes-subordinate-taxa","exceptionReview":"not-applicable","notes":"unique exact same-rank source scientific/accepted name match; no subordinate projection; the official page applies the list to cultivars, varieties, and hybrids, while FireApproved publishes only this unique exact species match; activity, timing, operator, and permit conditions are modeled separately from taxonomic scope"}},{"status":"prohibited","channel":"regulatory","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["NY"]},"authority":"New York State Department of Environmental Conservation","source":"new-york-6-nycrr-part-575-2015","sourceRecordId":"new-york:part-575:plant:009","sourceVersion":"6-NYCRR-Part-575-effective-2015-03-10-reviewed-2026-08-26","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","sourceTaxon":{"name":"Berberis thunbergii","rank":"species","rawRank":"species"},"sourceDesignation":{"code":"6 NYCRR 575.3 prohibited","label":"Prohibited invasive species — specified possession, trade, transport, introduction, propagation, and disposal rules"},"associatedReferences":["https://dec.ny.gov/nature/invasive-species/resources-regulations/regulations","https://extapps.dec.ny.gov/docs/lands_forests_pdf/islist.pdf","https://dos.ny.gov/system/files/documents/2018/09/september102014rulemaking.pdf"],"regulatoryConditions":[{"kind":"activity-restriction","statement":"No person may knowingly possess this prohibited invasive species with intent to sell, import, purchase, transport, or introduce it; sale, import, purchase, transport, introduction, and propagation are prohibited, and disposal must render it nonliving and nonviable.","effectiveOn":"2015-03-10T00:00:00.000Z","sourceUrl":"https://dos.ny.gov/system/files/documents/2018/09/september102014rulemaking.pdf"},{"kind":"operational-exception","statement":"Possession or transport for identification or disposal, and control or management of pre-existing invasive species, remain exempt when handled within Part 575's no-spread boundary.","sourceUrl":"https://dos.ny.gov/system/files/documents/2018/09/september102014rulemaking.pdf"},{"kind":"permit-required","statement":"A New York State Department of Environmental Conservation permit is required to carry out a prohibited activity for research, education, or another approved activity: possession with intent to sell, import, purchase, transport, or introduction.","sourceUrl":"https://dos.ny.gov/system/files/documents/2018/09/september102014rulemaking.pdf"},{"kind":"material-scope-exception","statement":"NYSDEC currently lists these cultivars as conditionally exempt under 6 NYCRR 575.8(a)(4): 'Aurea', 'UCONNBTCP4N' (Crimson Cutie), 'UCONNBTB113' (Lemon Cutie), 'UCONNBTB048' (Lemon Glow), 'UCONNBTB039' (Mr. Green Genes). This species-page record is not a cultivar determination.","sourceUrl":"https://dec.ny.gov/nature/invasive-species/resources-regulations/regulations"},{"kind":"sales-phase-out","statement":"The one-year Japanese barberry existing-stock grace period ended March 10, 2016 and is not an active sales exception.","endsOn":"2016-03-10T00:00:00.000Z","sourceUrl":"https://extapps.dec.ny.gov/docs/lands_forests_pdf/islist.pdf"}],"taxonProjection":{"basis":"accepted-name","legalScope":"named-taxon-only","exceptionReview":"reviewed-not-excepted","notes":"unique exact same-rank source scientific/accepted name match; no subordinate projection; parenthetical source names are retained only to block unsafe negative receipts, while automatic publication uses the primary exact or accepted species name; current named cultivar exemptions are not projected onto this species page"}},{"status":"widespread-invasive","channel":"ecological","geography":{"grain":"aggregate-region","regions":["L48"]},"source":"us-riis-v2","sourceRecordId":"USRIIS-L48-Plantae6612","sourceVersion":"2.0 (November 2022)","asOf":"2022-10-23T00:00:00.000Z","sourceModified":"2022-05-03T00:00:00.000Z","sourceTaxon":{"name":"Berberis thunbergii","rank":"species","rawRank":"Species"},"sourceDesignation":{"code":"E","label":"widespread invasive (category E)"},"associatedReferences":["USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) PLANTS Database (2021qt), https://plants.usda.gov/home/plantProfile?symbol=BETH"],"taxonProjection":{"basis":"accepted-name","notes":"exact source identifier, rank, family, and scientific/accepted name"}},{"status":"prohibited","channel":"regulatory","designationDomain":"seed","regulatedMaterial":"agricultural-and-vegetable-seed","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["WV"]},"authority":"State seed requirements compiled and published by USDA Agricultural Marketing Service, Seed Regulatory and Testing Division","source":"usda-ams-state-noxious-weed-seed-2026","sourceRecordId":"usda-ams-state-noxious-weed-seed-2026:WV:008","sourceVersion":"USDA-AMS-State-Noxious-Weed-Seed-Requirements-Revised-July-2026","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","sourceTaxon":{"name":"Berberis thunbergii DC.","rank":"species","rawRank":"species"},"sourceDesignation":{"code":"WV-prohibited","label":"Prohibited noxious-weed seed"},"associatedReferences":["https://www.ams.usda.gov/sites/default/files/media/StateNoxiousWeeds.xlsx","https://www.ams.usda.gov/sites/default/files/media/StateNoxiousWeedsSeedList.pdf","https://www.ams.usda.gov/rules-regulations/fsa"],"regulatoryConditions":[{"kind":"seed-kind-scope","statement":"Printed governing section — Prohibited","sourceUrl":"https://www.ams.usda.gov/sites/default/files/media/StateNoxiousWeedsSeedList.pdf"}],"taxonProjection":{"basis":"accepted-name","legalScope":"named-taxon-only","notes":"The printed source taxon begins with the exact stored identity and the remaining text is botanical authorship only; rank and owner are unique"},"seedRegulation":{"sourceSheet":"WV","sourceRow":8,"sourceSectionHeading":"Prohibited","governingSectionRecordId":"usda-ams-state-noxious-weed-seed-2026:WV:002","seedKindScope":"state-seed-list-general","printedCommonName":"Japanese barberry","printedScientificName":"Berberis thunbergii DC.","category":"prohibited","stateNoteReferences":[],"commerceBoundary":"USDA AMS identifies this publication as state labeling requirements and prohibitions for noxious-weed seed, in Federal Seed Act interstate-commerce context for agricultural and vegetable seed.","sourceSnapshotSha256":"723a5304a48ed575d67b67605f1af5bed86f1972f2890e0ba5592f63accaba4c","officialWorkbookUrl":"https://www.ams.usda.gov/sites/default/files/media/StateNoxiousWeeds.xlsx","officialPdfUrl":"https://www.ams.usda.gov/sites/default/files/media/StateNoxiousWeedsSeedList.pdf"}}],"hardinessAssertions":[{"minimum":"4","interpretation":"ambiguous-single-value","precision":"whole-zone","zoneMapping":"source-stated","applicability":"uncertain","applicabilityNotes":"The recovered selector prints one Cold Hardiness Zone value but does not define it as a minimum threshold or a one-zone range.","source":"fps-eastern-us","sourceRecordId":"berberis-thunbergi","sourceTaxon":"Berberis thunbergi","taxonMatch":"exact","sourcePlacement":"Cold Hardiness Zone field in the recovered selector record","sourceVersion":"2016-wayback","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z"},{"minimum":"4a","interpretation":"minimum-threshold","precision":"half-zone","zoneMapping":"derived-containing-band","sourceMeasurement":{"kind":"minimum-temperature","value":-28,"unit":"degrees-fahrenheit"},"applicability":"applicable","source":"usda-plants-characteristics","sourceRecordId":"BETH","sourceTaxon":"Berberis thunbergi","taxonMatch":"source-identifier","sourcePlacement":"PlantCharacteristics record 72309, Temperature, Minimum (°F)","sourceVersion":"PLANTS Help Document 2022; characteristics cache retrieved 2026-08-23","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z"}],"plantForm":"shrub","matureHeightFt":7,"sun":"full","waterNeed":"moderate","photo":{"file":"/images/plants/berberis-thunbergi.jpg","sourceUrl":"https://www.inaturalist.org/photos/194210993","observationUrl":"https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/115046943","license":"cc0","attribution":"no rights reserved","fetchedOn":"2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z"},"evidence":[{"source":"fps-eastern-us","verdict":"recommend","verdictRaw":"Firewise (1)","claims":"Persistant single thorns at each node-holds blown in trash.","sourcePlacement":{"value":"LZ2","scheme":"fps-landscape-zone"},"edition":"2016-wayback","accessedOn":"2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"idaho-firewise-master-db","verdict":"recommend","verdictRaw":"fire-resistance score 8 of 10","score":{"value":8,"scale":"idaho-0-10"},"sourcePlacement":{"value":"plantable at 30' from home","scheme":"idaho-distance"},"url":"https://idahofirewise.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/FireXResistanceXofXPlantsXMasterXDatabase.pdf","accessedOn":"2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"osu-b921","verdict":"recommend","verdictRaw":"L flammability","claims":"Urban tolerant; moderately armed.","edition":"2006","url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20070714035936/http://www.firewise.org/usa/files/ohio_plantlist.pdf","accessedOn":"2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"va-firescapes","verdict":"recommend","verdictRaw":"L flammability","claims":"Handle spiny stems with care.","edition":"2009","url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20090709143736/http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/430/430-300/430-300.pdf","accessedOn":"2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"firesmart-bc","verdict":"recommend","verdictRaw":"FireSmart-approved fire-resistant plant","sourcePlacement":{"value":"suitable for HIZ extended zone (30-100 m)","scheme":"firesmart-hiz"},"url":"https://firesmartbc.ca/landscaping-hub/fire-resistant-plants/","accessedOn":"2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"gva-valencia","verdict":"recommend","verdictRaw":"recommended low-flammability species (shrubs, garden column)","claimOriginal":"especies recomendadas","edition":"2019","url":"https://www.leliana.es/sites/www.leliana.es/files/files/Jardineria%20de%20baja%20inflamabilidad.pdf","accessedOn":"2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"dibble-2007-northeastern-invasives","verdict":"avoid","verdictRaw":"high effective heat of combustion (author-named group)","score":{"value":15.63,"scale":"AEHOC-MJ-kg"},"claims":"Conditioned foliage and twigs were tested at 25 kW/m2 in a cone calorimeter.","plantPart":"shoot","condition":"cured","edition":"2007","url":"https://research.fs.usda.gov/download/treesearch/31137.pdf","documentDate":"2007-08-20T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-24T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"girona-pirojardineria-2020","verdict":"recommend","verdictRaw":"RECOMENDADA","claims":"Berberis thunbergii is rated “RECOMENDADA” by the guide's qualitative IUF garden-suitability method. The method assumes species-specific care and integrates fire evidence with fuel structure, maintenance, origin, invasiveness, and expert fire-service experience.","sourcePlacement":{"value":"suitable inside or outside the 25-metre maximum-risk zone","scheme":"girona-2020-iuf-25m-suitability"},"edition":"2020 Spanish edition","url":"https://interior.gencat.cat/web/.content/home/030_arees_dactuacio/bombers/foc_forestal/publicacions_tecniques_i_normativa/guies_tecniques/prevencio_i_extincio/2020_Guia_de_pirojardineria_es.pdf","documentDate":"2020-01-01T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"csu-6305","verdict":"recommend","verdictRaw":"ignitability score 8 of 10","score":{"value":8,"scale":"idaho-0-10"},"claims":"CSU 6.305 table lists Berberis thunbergii 'Atropurpurea Nana' (crimson pygmy Japanese barberry) with the preserved ignitability score.","plantPart":"whole-plant","sourcePlacement":{"value":"suitable for defensible-space zones 1-2 (score 8+)","scheme":"csu-hiz"},"original":"idaho-firewise-master-db","edition":"2025","url":"https://csfs.colostate.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/CSFS_CSU-Ext_Fact-Sheets_IRLP_2025_081825-2_web_accessible.pdf","documentDate":"2025-07-01T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"calorific value (kcal/kg): 3726","score":{"value":3726,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 2863; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Dibble2007-1; sampling ND. Primary study Dibble2007: Dibble, A. C., White, R. H., & Lebow, P. K. (2007). Combustion characteristics of north-eastern USA vegetation tested in the cone calorimeter: invasive versus non-invasive plants. International journal of wildland fire, 16, 426-443.","plantPart":"leaf","original":"Dibble2007","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"sun-city-tx-firewise-plant-guide-2015","verdict":"recommend","verdictRaw":"low","claims":"The table rates Barberry, Japanese — Berberis thunbergii low for flammability hazard, defined as the ease a plant can burn at high temperatures for a prolonged time.","plantPart":"whole-plant","sourcePlacement":{"value":"Shrubs","scheme":"Sun City plant-table sections"},"edition":"updated January 14, 2015","url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20250114065810/https://www.sariverauthority.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/FIREWISE-PLANT-LIST-Sun-City.pdf","documentDate":"2015-01-14T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"}],"flammabilityClass":"fire-resistant","ratingReason":"majority","recommendation":"on-list","author":"grayson-graham","reviewStatus":"draft","lastVerified":"2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z","reviewNotes":"Photo auto-selected (top-voted iNat); human review pending."},"localAssessmentInputs":{"stateDistribution":["CT","DC","DE","GA","IA","IL","IN","KS","KY","MA","MD","ME","MI","MN","MO","NC","ND","NE","NH","NJ","NY","OH","PA","RI","SC","SD","TN","VA","VT","WA","WI","WV","WY"],"nativeStates":[],"rangeAssertions":[{"relation":"documented-occurrence","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["CT","DC","DE","GA","IA","IL","IN","KS","KY","MA","MD","ME","MI","MN","MO","NC","ND","NE","NH","NJ","NY","OH","PA","RI","SC","SD","TN","VA","VT","WA","WI","WV","WY"]},"provenance":"legacy-field"}],"usdaZoneMin":"4a","usdaZoneMax":null,"hardinessAssertions":[{"minimum":"4","interpretation":"ambiguous-single-value","precision":"whole-zone","zoneMapping":"source-stated","applicability":"uncertain","applicabilityNotes":"The recovered selector prints one Cold Hardiness Zone value but does not define it as a minimum threshold or a one-zone range.","source":"fps-eastern-us","sourceRecordId":"berberis-thunbergi","sourceTaxon":"Berberis thunbergi","taxonMatch":"exact","sourcePlacement":"Cold Hardiness Zone field in the recovered selector record","sourceVersion":"2016-wayback","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"},{"minimum":"4a","interpretation":"minimum-threshold","precision":"half-zone","zoneMapping":"derived-containing-band","sourceMeasurement":{"kind":"minimum-temperature","value":-28,"unit":"degrees-fahrenheit"},"applicability":"applicable","source":"usda-plants-characteristics","sourceRecordId":"BETH","sourceTaxon":"Berberis thunbergi","taxonMatch":"source-identifier","sourcePlacement":"PlantCharacteristics record 72309, Temperature, Minimum (°F)","sourceVersion":"PLANTS Help Document 2022; characteristics cache retrieved 2026-08-23","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"}],"hardinessSelection":{"status":"selected","assertion":{"minimum":"4a","interpretation":"minimum-threshold","precision":"half-zone","zoneMapping":"derived-containing-band","sourceMeasurement":{"kind":"minimum-temperature","value":-28,"unit":"degrees-fahrenheit"},"applicability":"applicable","source":"usda-plants-characteristics","sourceRecordId":"BETH","sourceTaxon":"Berberis thunbergi","taxonMatch":"source-identifier","sourcePlacement":"PlantCharacteristics record 72309, Temperature, Minimum (°F)","sourceVersion":"PLANTS Help Document 2022; characteristics cache retrieved 2026-08-23","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"},"assertions":[{"minimum":"4","interpretation":"ambiguous-single-value","precision":"whole-zone","zoneMapping":"source-stated","applicability":"uncertain","applicabilityNotes":"The recovered selector prints one Cold Hardiness Zone value but does not define it as a minimum threshold or a one-zone range.","source":"fps-eastern-us","sourceRecordId":"berberis-thunbergi","sourceTaxon":"Berberis thunbergi","taxonMatch":"exact","sourcePlacement":"Cold Hardiness Zone field in the recovered selector record","sourceVersion":"2016-wayback","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"},{"minimum":"4a","interpretation":"minimum-threshold","precision":"half-zone","zoneMapping":"derived-containing-band","sourceMeasurement":{"kind":"minimum-temperature","value":-28,"unit":"degrees-fahrenheit"},"applicability":"applicable","source":"usda-plants-characteristics","sourceRecordId":"BETH","sourceTaxon":"Berberis thunbergi","taxonMatch":"source-identifier","sourcePlacement":"PlantCharacteristics record 72309, Temperature, Minimum (°F)","sourceVersion":"PLANTS Help Document 2022; characteristics cache retrieved 2026-08-23","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"}]},"invasiveIn":[{"state":"L48","status":"invasive-reported","source":"us-riis"}],"statusAssertions":[{"status":"prohibited","channel":"regulatory","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["DE"]},"authority":"Delaware Department of Agriculture","source":"delaware-3-de-admin-code-806-2026","sourceRecordId":"delaware:806:invasive:012","sourceVersion":"3-DE-Admin-Code-806-amended-effective-2026-05-11-reviewed-2026-08-26","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","sourceTaxon":{"name":"Berberis thunbergii","rank":"species","rawRank":"species"},"sourceDesignation":{"code":"3 DE Admin. Code 806 § 3.1","label":"Invasive Plant List — specified viable-material activities prohibited"},"associatedReferences":["https://agriculture.delaware.gov/plant-industries/nursery-inspection/","https://delcode.delaware.gov/title3/c029/index.html","https://regulations.delaware.gov/api/register/May2026/428efbc1-23e5-47a9-b127-094062022717","https://regulations.delaware.gov/api/register/March2026/de3aa728-afd8-4d61-8545-2609efcc0ca0"],"regulatoryConditions":[{"kind":"activity-restriction","statement":"No person may import, export, buy, sell, transport, distribute, or propagate any viable portion, including seeds, of a plant on the Invasive Plant List without the Secretary's prior written approval.","effectiveOn":"2022-07-01T00:00:00.000Z","sourceUrl":"https://delcode.delaware.gov/title3/c029/index.html"},{"kind":"permit-required","statement":"The Secretary may provide prior written approval for disposal, control, research or education, or export for one of those purposes.","sourceUrl":"https://delcode.delaware.gov/title3/c029/index.html"},{"kind":"material-scope-exception","statement":"The current Delaware Department of Agriculture list names these cultivars as exempt or conditionally exempt: ‘UCONNBTCP4N’; Trademark Name – Crimson Cutie, ‘UCONNBTB113’; Trademark Name – Lemon Cutie, ‘UCONNBTB048’; Trademark Name – Lemon Glow. Regulation 806 states that exemptions are conditional and subject to revocation. This species-page record is not a cultivar determination.","sourceUrl":"https://agriculture.delaware.gov/plant-industries/nursery-inspection/"}],"taxonProjection":{"basis":"accepted-name","legalScope":"includes-subordinate-taxa-with-exceptions","exceptionReview":"reviewed-not-excepted","notes":"unique exact same-rank source scientific/accepted name match; no subordinate projection; FireApproved publishes only this unique exact same-rank primary source name; source synonyms, subordinate taxa, and current named cultivar exemptions do not create separate positive or clearance records"},"provenance":"cited"},{"status":"prohibited","channel":"regulatory","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["IN"]},"authority":"Indiana Department of Natural Resources","source":"indiana-312-iac-18-3-25-2020","sourceRecordId":"indiana:312-iac-18-3-25:a:007","sourceVersion":"IAC-2026-312-18-3-25+20190417-IR-312180316FRA+20190417-IR-312190176ACA+20250423-IR-312240574RFA","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","sourceTaxon":{"name":"Berberis thunbergii","rank":"species","rawRank":"species"},"sourceDesignation":{"code":"312 IAC 18-3-25","label":"Prohibited invasive terrestrial plant — current rule fully enforceable since April 18, 2020"},"associatedReferences":["https://iar.iga.in.gov/code/2026/312/18#312-18-3-25","https://www.in.gov/nrc/files/nrc_jan_2019_minutes.pdf","https://www.in.gov/nrc/files/LSA24-574_Readopted-Final-Rule.pdf","https://www.in.gov/dnr/rules-and-regulations/invasive-species/terrestrial-invasive-species-plants","https://www.in.gov/dnr/files/ep-terrestrial_plant_rule.pdf","https://www.in.gov/isda/files/guidebook_full-compressed.pdf"],"regulatoryConditions":[{"kind":"activity-restriction","statement":"The rule applies to any part or life stage of each listed species. A person must not sell, offer or grow for sale, gift, barter, exchange, distribute, transport, or transfer that material in Indiana.","effectiveOn":"2020-04-18T00:00:00.000Z","sourceUrl":"https://iar.iga.in.gov/code/2026/312/18#312-18-3-25"},{"kind":"activity-restriction","statement":"The rule applies to any part or life stage of each listed species. A person must not introduce that material in Indiana.","effectiveOn":"2019-04-18T00:00:00.000Z","sourceUrl":"https://iar.iga.in.gov/code/2026/312/18#312-18-3-25"},{"kind":"operational-exception","statement":"This section does not apply to a person who possesses a listed species under a permit issued by the Indiana State Entomologist.","sourceUrl":"https://iar.iga.in.gov/code/2026/312/18#312-18-3-25"},{"kind":"operational-exception","statement":"This section does not apply to a person engaged in a project approved by the Indiana State Entomologist for destruction of a listed species.","sourceUrl":"https://iar.iga.in.gov/code/2026/312/18#312-18-3-25"}],"taxonProjection":{"basis":"accepted-name","legalScope":"named-taxon-only","exceptionReview":"reviewed-not-excepted","notes":"unique exact same-rank source scientific/accepted name match; no subordinate projection; FireApproved publishes only this unique exact same-rank plant match and does not project hybrids, the infraspecific designation, or the parenthetical Chinese-yam form"},"provenance":"cited"},{"status":"prohibited","channel":"regulatory","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["ME"]},"authority":"Maine Department of Agriculture, Conservation and Forestry","source":"maine-chapter-273-invasive-plants-2022-092","sourceRecordId":"maine:prohibited:009","sourceVersion":"Chapter-273-filing-2022-092-format-corrected-2025-09-24","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","sourceTaxon":{"name":"Berberis thunbergii","rank":"species","rawRank":"species"},"sourceDesignation":{"code":"Chapter 273 Do Not Sell","label":"Specified living-plant trade activities prohibited since 2018-01-01"},"associatedReferences":["https://www.maine.gov/DACF/php/horticulture/invasiveplants.shtml","https://www.maine.gov/sos/sites/maine.gov.sos/files/rules/001c273-2022-092.docx"],"regulatoryConditions":[{"kind":"activity-restriction","statement":"Living viable material may not be imported, exported, bought, sold, or intentionally propagated for sale or distribution.","effectiveOn":"2018-01-01T00:00:00.000Z","sourceUrl":"https://www.maine.gov/sos/sites/maine.gov.sos/files/rules/001c273-2022-092.docx"},{"kind":"permit-required","statement":"The State Horticulturist may permit importation and field experimentation for scientific, educational, or other approved purposes under prescribed conditions.","sourceUrl":"https://www.maine.gov/sos/sites/maine.gov.sos/files/rules/001c273-2022-092.docx"},{"kind":"material-scope-exception","statement":"Preserved herbarium specimens and material preserved by other means are exempt from Chapter 273.","sourceUrl":"https://www.maine.gov/sos/sites/maine.gov.sos/files/rules/001c273-2022-092.docx"}],"taxonProjection":{"basis":"accepted-name","legalScope":"includes-subordinate-taxa-with-exceptions","exceptionReview":"reviewed-not-excepted","notes":"unique exact same-rank source scientific/accepted name match; no subordinate projection; Chapter 273 defines species to include synonyms, subspecies, hybrids, varieties, forms, and cultivars, but FireApproved publishes only this unique exact species match; the rule provides a committee exemption process for researched subordinate taxa and no current approved-exemption roster was located"},"provenance":"cited"},{"status":"prohibited","channel":"regulatory","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["MA"]},"authority":"Massachusetts Department of Agricultural Resources","source":"massachusetts-prohibited-plant-list-2026-05","sourceRecordId":"massachusetts:075:berberis-thunbergii","sourceVersion":"Massachusetts-Prohibited-Plant-List-May-2026","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","sourceTaxon":{"name":"Berberis thunbergii","rank":"species","rawRank":"species"},"sourceDesignation":{"code":"Massachusetts Prohibited Plant List","label":"Prohibited"},"associatedReferences":["https://www.mass.gov/info-details/massachusetts-prohibited-plant-list","https://www.mass.gov/files/csv/2026-05/prohibitedplantlistMay2026.csv"],"taxonProjection":{"basis":"accepted-name","legalScope":"includes-subordinate-taxa","exceptionReview":"not-applicable","notes":"unique exact same-rank source scientific/accepted name match; no subordinate projection; the official page applies the list to cultivars, varieties, and hybrids, while FireApproved publishes only this unique exact species match; activity, timing, operator, and permit conditions are modeled separately from taxonomic scope"},"provenance":"cited"},{"status":"prohibited","channel":"regulatory","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["NY"]},"authority":"New York State Department of Environmental Conservation","source":"new-york-6-nycrr-part-575-2015","sourceRecordId":"new-york:part-575:plant:009","sourceVersion":"6-NYCRR-Part-575-effective-2015-03-10-reviewed-2026-08-26","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","sourceTaxon":{"name":"Berberis thunbergii","rank":"species","rawRank":"species"},"sourceDesignation":{"code":"6 NYCRR 575.3 prohibited","label":"Prohibited invasive species — specified possession, trade, transport, introduction, propagation, and disposal rules"},"associatedReferences":["https://dec.ny.gov/nature/invasive-species/resources-regulations/regulations","https://extapps.dec.ny.gov/docs/lands_forests_pdf/islist.pdf","https://dos.ny.gov/system/files/documents/2018/09/september102014rulemaking.pdf"],"regulatoryConditions":[{"kind":"activity-restriction","statement":"No person may knowingly possess this prohibited invasive species with intent to sell, import, purchase, transport, or introduce it; sale, import, purchase, transport, introduction, and propagation are prohibited, and disposal must render it nonliving and nonviable.","effectiveOn":"2015-03-10T00:00:00.000Z","sourceUrl":"https://dos.ny.gov/system/files/documents/2018/09/september102014rulemaking.pdf"},{"kind":"operational-exception","statement":"Possession or transport for identification or disposal, and control or management of pre-existing invasive species, remain exempt when handled within Part 575's no-spread boundary.","sourceUrl":"https://dos.ny.gov/system/files/documents/2018/09/september102014rulemaking.pdf"},{"kind":"permit-required","statement":"A New York State Department of Environmental Conservation permit is required to carry out a prohibited activity for research, education, or another approved activity: possession with intent to sell, import, purchase, transport, or introduction.","sourceUrl":"https://dos.ny.gov/system/files/documents/2018/09/september102014rulemaking.pdf"},{"kind":"material-scope-exception","statement":"NYSDEC currently lists these cultivars as conditionally exempt under 6 NYCRR 575.8(a)(4): 'Aurea', 'UCONNBTCP4N' (Crimson Cutie), 'UCONNBTB113' (Lemon Cutie), 'UCONNBTB048' (Lemon Glow), 'UCONNBTB039' (Mr. Green Genes). This species-page record is not a cultivar determination.","sourceUrl":"https://dec.ny.gov/nature/invasive-species/resources-regulations/regulations"},{"kind":"sales-phase-out","statement":"The one-year Japanese barberry existing-stock grace period ended March 10, 2016 and is not an active sales exception.","endsOn":"2016-03-10T00:00:00.000Z","sourceUrl":"https://extapps.dec.ny.gov/docs/lands_forests_pdf/islist.pdf"}],"taxonProjection":{"basis":"accepted-name","legalScope":"named-taxon-only","exceptionReview":"reviewed-not-excepted","notes":"unique exact same-rank source scientific/accepted name match; no subordinate projection; parenthetical source names are retained only to block unsafe negative receipts, while automatic publication uses the primary exact or accepted species name; current named cultivar exemptions are not projected onto this species page"},"provenance":"cited"},{"status":"widespread-invasive","channel":"ecological","geography":{"grain":"aggregate-region","regions":["L48"]},"source":"us-riis-v2","sourceRecordId":"USRIIS-L48-Plantae6612","sourceVersion":"2.0 (November 2022)","asOf":"2022-10-23T00:00:00.000Z","sourceModified":"2022-05-03T00:00:00.000Z","sourceTaxon":{"name":"Berberis thunbergii","rank":"species","rawRank":"Species"},"sourceDesignation":{"code":"E","label":"widespread invasive (category E)"},"associatedReferences":["USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) PLANTS Database (2021qt), https://plants.usda.gov/home/plantProfile?symbol=BETH"],"taxonProjection":{"basis":"accepted-name","notes":"exact source identifier, rank, family, and scientific/accepted name"},"provenance":"cited"},{"status":"prohibited","channel":"regulatory","designationDomain":"seed","regulatedMaterial":"agricultural-and-vegetable-seed","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["WV"]},"authority":"State seed requirements compiled and published by USDA Agricultural Marketing Service, Seed Regulatory and Testing Division","source":"usda-ams-state-noxious-weed-seed-2026","sourceRecordId":"usda-ams-state-noxious-weed-seed-2026:WV:008","sourceVersion":"USDA-AMS-State-Noxious-Weed-Seed-Requirements-Revised-July-2026","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","sourceTaxon":{"name":"Berberis thunbergii DC.","rank":"species","rawRank":"species"},"sourceDesignation":{"code":"WV-prohibited","label":"Prohibited noxious-weed seed"},"associatedReferences":["https://www.ams.usda.gov/sites/default/files/media/StateNoxiousWeeds.xlsx","https://www.ams.usda.gov/sites/default/files/media/StateNoxiousWeedsSeedList.pdf","https://www.ams.usda.gov/rules-regulations/fsa"],"regulatoryConditions":[{"kind":"seed-kind-scope","statement":"Printed governing section — Prohibited","sourceUrl":"https://www.ams.usda.gov/sites/default/files/media/StateNoxiousWeedsSeedList.pdf"}],"taxonProjection":{"basis":"accepted-name","legalScope":"named-taxon-only","notes":"The printed source taxon begins with the exact stored identity and the remaining text is botanical authorship only; rank and owner are unique"},"seedRegulation":{"sourceSheet":"WV","sourceRow":8,"sourceSectionHeading":"Prohibited","governingSectionRecordId":"usda-ams-state-noxious-weed-seed-2026:WV:002","seedKindScope":"state-seed-list-general","printedCommonName":"Japanese barberry","printedScientificName":"Berberis thunbergii DC.","category":"prohibited","stateNoteReferences":[],"commerceBoundary":"USDA AMS identifies this publication as state labeling requirements and prohibitions for noxious-weed seed, in Federal Seed Act interstate-commerce context for agricultural and vegetable seed.","sourceSnapshotSha256":"723a5304a48ed575d67b67605f1af5bed86f1972f2890e0ba5592f63accaba4c","officialWorkbookUrl":"https://www.ams.usda.gov/sites/default/files/media/StateNoxiousWeeds.xlsx","officialPdfUrl":"https://www.ams.usda.gov/sites/default/files/media/StateNoxiousWeedsSeedList.pdf"},"provenance":"cited"}],"fireEvidenceClass":"fire-resistant","recommendation":"on-list","fireSourceScopes":[{"source":"csu-6305","sourceName":"Ignition-Resistant Landscape Plants (Fact Sheet 6.305)","sourceUrl":"https://csfs.colostate.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/CSFS_CSU-Ext_Fact-Sheets_IRLP_2025_081825-2_web_accessible.pdf","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["CO"]},"completeness":"partial","reviewStatus":"reviewed","scope":"Colorado State University Extension and the Colorado State Forest Service publish Fact Sheet 6.305 for Colorado's WUI and varied ecosystems. FireApproved exposes all 114 exact source owners at Colorado publication scope while retaining score, elevation, water, and Idaho-carrier lineage. Publication scope is not suitability for every Colorado site or zone.","sourceVersion":"CSFS-CSU-Fact-Sheet-6.305-2025-07","asOf":"2025-07-01T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"dibble-2007-northeastern-invasives","sourceName":"Combustion characteristics of north-eastern USA vegetation tested in the cone calorimeter","sourceUrl":"https://research.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/31137","geography":{"grain":"aggregate-region","stateCodes":["ME","MD","MA","NY","VA"],"regions":["Northeastern and mid-Atlantic study sites"]},"completeness":"partial","reviewStatus":"reviewed","scope":"The authors collected foliage and twigs across study sites in Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New York, and Virginia, then conditioned and tested the samples in a cone calorimeter. FireApproved publishes 37 exact source owners only as multi-state laboratory context. The source does not establish that every taxon was sampled in every named state, whole-plant behavior, landscape suitability, or state planting guidance.","sourceVersion":"USDA-Treesearch-31137-2007","asOf":"2007-08-20T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"idaho-firewise-master-db","sourceName":"Fire Resistance of Plants Master Database","sourceUrl":"https://idahofirewise.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/FireXResistanceXofXPlantsXMasterXDatabase.pdf","geography":{"grain":"aggregate-region","stateCodes":["ID"],"regions":["Southern Idaho"]},"completeness":"partial","reviewStatus":"reviewed","scope":"The official database labels itself \"For Southern Idaho\" and describes Idaho residents at the urban-rangeland interface. FireApproved publishes 419 existing plant owners that cite its scored rows. This bounded Southern Idaho scope is regional context, not statewide coverage or a conclusion that the score transfers unchanged to every Idaho site.","sourceVersion":"Idaho-Firewise-Southern-Idaho-Master-2013-11-08","asOf":"2013-11-08T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"osu-b921","sourceName":"Firewise Landscaping (OSU Extension Bulletin 921)","sourceUrl":"http://web.archive.org/web/20070714035936/http://www.firewise.org/usa/files/ohio_plantlist.pdf","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["OH"]},"completeness":"partial","reviewStatus":"reviewed","scope":"Ohio State University Extension Bulletin 921 is an Ohio publication that describes Ohio fire seasons and landscape conditions and labels nativity to Ohio. FireApproved publishes 352 exact source-owning plant records from its eight rated tables. This historical publication scope does not assert current extension endorsement or that a listed plant suits every Ohio site.","sourceVersion":"OSU-Extension-Bulletin-921-2006","asOf":"2006-03-01T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"sun-city-tx-firewise-plant-guide-2015","sourceName":"Firewise Plant Guide","sourceUrl":"http://web.archive.org/web/20250114065810/https://www.sariverauthority.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/FIREWISE-PLANT-LIST-Sun-City.pdf","geography":{"grain":"aggregate-region","stateCodes":["TX"],"regions":["Sun City Texas, Georgetown"]},"completeness":"partial","reviewStatus":"reviewed","scope":"The guide is authored for the Sun City Texas community in Georgetown. FireApproved publishes 142 exact owners only as community-level context. It is an archived HOA exhibit with unknown rating lineage, not a current statewide Texas source or an independent Tier 1 determination.","sourceVersion":"Sun-City-Texas-Firewise-guide-2015-01-14","asOf":"2015-01-14T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"va-firescapes","sourceName":"Virginia Firescapes — Firewise Landscaping for Woodland Homes (430-300)","sourceUrl":"http://web.archive.org/web/20090709143736/http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/430/430-300/430-300.pdf","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["VA"]},"completeness":"partial","reviewStatus":"reviewed","scope":"Virginia Cooperative Extension's publication opens with Virginia wildfire conditions, identifies its Virginia Firewise Landscaping Task Force, and labels plants native to Virginia. FireApproved publishes 306 exact source owners. Publication scope does not establish parcel suitability or current endorsement of this archived 2009 list.","sourceVersion":"Virginia-VCE-430-300-2009","asOf":"2009-04-15T00:00:00.000Z"}],"firePerformanceConditions":[{"condition":"cured","evidence":[{"source":"dibble-2007-northeastern-invasives","verdict":"avoid","url":"https://research.fs.usda.gov/download/treesearch/31137.pdf","claims":"Conditioned foliage and twigs were tested at 25 kW/m2 in a cone calorimeter.","evidenceIndex":6}]}],"maintenanceAssertions":[],"maintenanceConditions":null,"regulatoryReviews":{"NY":{"outcome":"listed","designation":"prohibited","heading":"Prohibited here","message":"Designated prohibited in the reviewed New York 6 NYCRR Part 575 Prohibited and Regulated Invasive Species as of 2026-08-26.","source":"new-york-6-nycrr-part-575-2015","sourceName":"New York 6 NYCRR Part 575 Prohibited and Regulated Invasive Species","authority":"New York State Department of Environmental Conservation","officialReference":"https://dec.ny.gov/nature/invasive-species/resources-regulations/regulations","geographicGrain":"state","sourceVersion":"6-NYCRR-Part-575-effective-2015-03-10-reviewed-2026-08-26","asOf":"2026-08-26","blockerRecordIds":[]}},"seedReviews":{}},"legacyCompatibilityProjection":{"nativeStates":[],"invasiveIn":[{"state":"DE","status":"noxious-listed","source":"delaware-3-de-admin-code-806-2026"},{"state":"IN","status":"noxious-listed","source":"indiana-312-iac-18-3-25-2020"},{"state":"ME","status":"noxious-listed","source":"maine-chapter-273-invasive-plants-2022-092"},{"state":"MA","status":"noxious-listed","source":"massachusetts-prohibited-plant-list-2026-05"},{"state":"NY","status":"noxious-listed","source":"new-york-6-nycrr-part-575-2015"},{"state":"L48","status":"invasive-reported","source":"us-riis-v2"}],"usdaZoneMin":"4a"},"localAssessmentContract":"Compare each dimension separately. State noxious-weed seed designations are material-scoped and never become non-seed plant restrictions, ecological-invasive findings, nursery restrictions, alternatives, product evidence, or fire votes. Introduced/established context is not an invasive warning. Minimum-only hardiness has no inferred maximum; canonical source-temperature conversion is validated and contradictory applicable rows project no primary zone. L48 context applies only to conterminous states and is never exact-state status. Fire-performance conditions are not maintenance advice. FEIS fire-ecology context does not vote in the plant classification. Absence of a status row is not regulatory clearance."}