{"id":"avena-sterilis","license":"CC-BY-4.0","data":{"scientificName":"Avena sterilis","commonNames":["Avena sterilis"],"taxonRank":"species","acceptedName":"Avena sterilis","family":"Poaceae","ids":{"usdaSymbol":"AVSTL3","gbifKey":2705286},"regions":["Spain"],"rangeAssertions":[{"relation":"introduced","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["CA"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 76 — Southwestern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 CAL — California"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z"},{"relation":"introduced","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["NJ"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 75 — Northeastern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 NWJ — New Jersey"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z"},{"relation":"introduced","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["OR"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 73 — Northwestern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 ORE — Oregon"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z"},{"relation":"introduced","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["PA"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 75 — Northeastern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 PEN — Pennsylvania"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z"}],"invasiveIn":[{"state":"L48","status":"invasive-reported","source":"us-riis"},{"state":"US","status":"noxious-listed","source":"usda-plants"}],"statusAssertions":[{"status":"prohibited","channel":"regulatory","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["MA"]},"authority":"Massachusetts Department of Agricultural Resources","source":"massachusetts-prohibited-plant-list-2026-05","sourceRecordId":"massachusetts:012:avena-sterilis","sourceVersion":"Massachusetts-Prohibited-Plant-List-May-2026","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","sourceTaxon":{"name":"Avena sterilis","rank":"species","rawRank":"species"},"sourceDesignation":{"code":"Massachusetts Prohibited Plant List","label":"Prohibited"},"associatedReferences":["https://www.mass.gov/info-details/massachusetts-prohibited-plant-list","https://www.mass.gov/files/csv/2026-05/prohibitedplantlistMay2026.csv"],"taxonProjection":{"basis":"exact-taxon","legalScope":"includes-subordinate-taxa","exceptionReview":"not-applicable","notes":"unique exact same-rank source scientific/accepted name match; no subordinate projection; the official page applies the list to cultivars, varieties, and hybrids, while FireApproved publishes only this unique exact species match; activity, timing, operator, and permit conditions are modeled separately from taxonomic scope"}},{"status":"invasive","channel":"ecological","geography":{"grain":"aggregate-region","regions":["L48"]},"source":"us-riis-v2","sourceRecordId":"USRIIS-L48-Plantae6557","sourceVersion":"2.0 (November 2022)","asOf":"2022-10-23T00:00:00.000Z","sourceModified":"2017-11-21T00:00:00.000Z","sourceTaxon":{"name":"Avena sterilis","rank":"species","rawRank":"Species"},"sourceDesignation":{"code":"D2","label":"invasive (category D2)"},"associatedReferences":["USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) PLANTS Database (2021oy), https://plants.usda.gov/home/plantProfile?symbol=AVST"],"taxonProjection":{"basis":"exact-taxon","notes":"exact source identifier, rank, family, and scientific/accepted name"}},{"status":"noxious-listed","channel":"regulatory","geography":{"grain":"federal","regions":["United States"]},"authority":"USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service","source":"usda-aphis-federal-noxious-7-cfr-360-200","sourceRecordId":"7-cfr-360.200:avena-sterilis","sourceVersion":"7 CFR 360.200, eCFR up to date 2026-08-24","asOf":"2026-08-24T00:00:00.000Z","sourceTaxon":{"name":"Avena sterilis","rank":"species","rawRank":"species"},"sourceDesignation":{"code":"7 CFR 360.200","label":"Federal noxious weed"},"associatedReferences":["https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-7/subtitle-B/chapter-III/part-360/section-360.200"],"taxonProjection":{"basis":"exact-taxon","legalScope":"includes-subordinate-taxa","exceptionReview":"not-applicable","notes":"unique exact same-rank federal scientific/accepted name match; no subordinate projection"}}],"plantForm":"grass","evidence":[{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"calorific value (kcal/kg): 4241.9","score":{"value":4241.9,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 3908; Combustibility measurement; plant part stems; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Gillon1997-1; sampling june to september. Primary study Gillon1997: Gillon, D., Hernando, C., Valette, J.-C., & Joffre, R. (1997). Fast estimation of the calorific values of forest fuels by near infrared-reflectance spectroscopy. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 27, 760-765.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Gillon1997","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"}],"flammabilityClass":"mixed-evidence","ratingReason":"limited-evidence","recommendation":"candidate","author":"grayson-graham","reviewStatus":"draft","lastVerified":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z","reviewNotes":"FLAMITS measurements are retained as non-voting evidence; the database publishes no cross-variable directional threshold."},"localAssessmentInputs":{"stateDistribution":[],"nativeStates":[],"rangeAssertions":[{"relation":"introduced","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["CA"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 76 — Southwestern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 CAL — California"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"},{"relation":"introduced","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["NJ"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 75 — Northeastern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 NWJ — New Jersey"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"},{"relation":"introduced","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["OR"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 73 — Northwestern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 ORE — Oregon"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"},{"relation":"introduced","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["PA"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 7 — NORTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 75 — Northeastern U.S.A.","TDWG level 3 PEN — Pennsylvania"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"}],"usdaZoneMin":null,"usdaZoneMax":null,"hardinessAssertions":[],"hardinessSelection":{"status":"none","assertions":[]},"invasiveIn":[{"state":"L48","status":"invasive-reported","source":"us-riis"},{"state":"US","status":"noxious-listed","source":"usda-plants"}],"statusAssertions":[{"status":"prohibited","channel":"regulatory","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["MA"]},"authority":"Massachusetts Department of Agricultural Resources","source":"massachusetts-prohibited-plant-list-2026-05","sourceRecordId":"massachusetts:012:avena-sterilis","sourceVersion":"Massachusetts-Prohibited-Plant-List-May-2026","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","sourceTaxon":{"name":"Avena sterilis","rank":"species","rawRank":"species"},"sourceDesignation":{"code":"Massachusetts Prohibited Plant List","label":"Prohibited"},"associatedReferences":["https://www.mass.gov/info-details/massachusetts-prohibited-plant-list","https://www.mass.gov/files/csv/2026-05/prohibitedplantlistMay2026.csv"],"taxonProjection":{"basis":"exact-taxon","legalScope":"includes-subordinate-taxa","exceptionReview":"not-applicable","notes":"unique exact same-rank source scientific/accepted name match; no subordinate projection; the official page applies the list to cultivars, varieties, and hybrids, while FireApproved publishes only this unique exact species match; activity, timing, operator, and permit conditions are modeled separately from taxonomic scope"},"provenance":"cited"},{"status":"invasive","channel":"ecological","geography":{"grain":"aggregate-region","regions":["L48"]},"source":"us-riis-v2","sourceRecordId":"USRIIS-L48-Plantae6557","sourceVersion":"2.0 (November 2022)","asOf":"2022-10-23T00:00:00.000Z","sourceModified":"2017-11-21T00:00:00.000Z","sourceTaxon":{"name":"Avena sterilis","rank":"species","rawRank":"Species"},"sourceDesignation":{"code":"D2","label":"invasive (category D2)"},"associatedReferences":["USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) PLANTS Database (2021oy), https://plants.usda.gov/home/plantProfile?symbol=AVST"],"taxonProjection":{"basis":"exact-taxon","notes":"exact source identifier, rank, family, and scientific/accepted name"},"provenance":"cited"},{"status":"noxious-listed","channel":"regulatory","geography":{"grain":"federal","regions":["United States"]},"authority":"USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service","source":"usda-aphis-federal-noxious-7-cfr-360-200","sourceRecordId":"7-cfr-360.200:avena-sterilis","sourceVersion":"7 CFR 360.200, eCFR up to date 2026-08-24","asOf":"2026-08-24T00:00:00.000Z","sourceTaxon":{"name":"Avena sterilis","rank":"species","rawRank":"species"},"sourceDesignation":{"code":"7 CFR 360.200","label":"Federal noxious weed"},"associatedReferences":["https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-7/subtitle-B/chapter-III/part-360/section-360.200"],"taxonProjection":{"basis":"exact-taxon","legalScope":"includes-subordinate-taxa","exceptionReview":"not-applicable","notes":"unique exact same-rank federal scientific/accepted name match; no subordinate projection"},"provenance":"cited"}],"fireEvidenceClass":"mixed-evidence","recommendation":"candidate","fireSourceScopes":[],"firePerformanceConditions":[],"maintenanceAssertions":[],"maintenanceConditions":null,"regulatoryReviews":{},"seedReviews":{}},"legacyCompatibilityProjection":{"nativeStates":[],"invasiveIn":[{"state":"MA","status":"noxious-listed","source":"massachusetts-prohibited-plant-list-2026-05"},{"state":"L48","status":"invasive-reported","source":"us-riis-v2"},{"state":"US","status":"noxious-listed","source":"usda-aphis-federal-noxious-7-cfr-360-200"}]},"localAssessmentContract":"Compare each dimension separately. State noxious-weed seed designations are material-scoped and never become non-seed plant restrictions, ecological-invasive findings, nursery restrictions, alternatives, product evidence, or fire votes. Introduced/established context is not an invasive warning. Minimum-only hardiness has no inferred maximum; canonical source-temperature conversion is validated and contradictory applicable rows project no primary zone. L48 context applies only to conterminous states and is never exact-state status. Fire-performance conditions are not maintenance advice. FEIS fire-ecology context does not vote in the plant classification. Absence of a status row is not regulatory clearance."}