{"id":"annona-muricata","license":"CC-BY-4.0","data":{"scientificName":"Annona muricata","commonNames":["Annona muricata"],"taxonRank":"species","acceptedName":"Annona muricata","family":"Annonaceae","ids":{"usdaSymbol":"ANMU2","gbifKey":5407273},"usdaZoneMin":"8b","zoneSource":"usda-plants","states":["PR","VI"],"rangeAssertions":[{"relation":"introduced","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["PR"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 8 — SOUTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 81 — Caribbean","TDWG level 3 PUE — Puerto Rico"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z"}],"invasiveIn":[{"state":"HI","status":"invasive-reported","source":"us-riis"}],"statusAssertions":[{"status":"invasive","channel":"ecological","geography":{"grain":"aggregate-region","regions":["HI"]},"source":"us-riis-v2","sourceRecordId":"USRIIS-HI-Plantae867","sourceVersion":"2.0 (November 2022)","asOf":"2022-10-23T00:00:00.000Z","sourceModified":"2021-08-09T00:00:00.000Z","sourceTaxon":{"name":"Annona muricata","rank":"species","rawRank":"Species"},"sourceDesignation":{"code":"D2","label":"invasive (category D2)"},"associatedReferences":["Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER)a, http://www.hear.org/pier/species/annona_muricata.htm"],"taxonProjection":{"basis":"exact-taxon","notes":"exact source identifier, rank, family, and scientific/accepted name"}}],"hardinessAssertions":[{"minimum":"8b","interpretation":"minimum-threshold","precision":"half-zone","zoneMapping":"derived-containing-band","sourceMeasurement":{"kind":"minimum-temperature","value":17,"unit":"degrees-fahrenheit"},"applicability":"applicable","source":"usda-plants-characteristics","sourceRecordId":"ANMU2","sourceTaxon":"Annona muricata","taxonMatch":"source-identifier","sourcePlacement":"PlantCharacteristics record 71478, Temperature, Minimum (°F)","sourceVersion":"PLANTS Help Document 2022; characteristics cache retrieved 2026-08-23","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z"}],"plantForm":"tree","matureHeightFt":20,"waterNeed":"moderate","evidence":[{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"maximum flame temperature (°C): 679.04","score":{"value":679.04,"scale":"FLAMITS — maximum flame temperature (°C)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 16423; Combustibility measurement; plant part branches; fuel all; predrying yes; device grill; site Pacheco2022-1; sampling october to november 2022. Primary study Pacheco2022: Pacheco, A. S., Goodman, H. D., Hankenson, L., Fisk, J. J., Ortiz, A., Marinace, H. M., ...  Tng, D. Y. P. (2022). Fighting fire with food: Assessing the flammability of crop plant species for building fire resilient agroforestry systems. in review, preprint.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Pacheco2022","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"burning duration (s): 20","score":{"value":20,"scale":"FLAMITS — burning duration (s)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 16424; Sustainability measurement; plant part branches; fuel all; predrying yes; device grill; site Pacheco2022-1; sampling october to november 2022. Primary study Pacheco2022: Pacheco, A. S., Goodman, H. D., Hankenson, L., Fisk, J. J., Ortiz, A., Marinace, H. M., ...  Tng, D. Y. P. (2022). Fighting fire with food: Assessing the flammability of crop plant species for building fire resilient agroforestry systems. in review, preprint.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Pacheco2022","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"},{"source":"flamits","verdict":"not-rated","verdictRaw":"estimated burnt biomass (%): 35","score":{"value":35,"scale":"FLAMITS — estimated burnt biomass (%)"},"claims":"FLAMITS record 16425; Consumability measurement; plant part branches; fuel all; predrying yes; device grill; site Pacheco2022-1; sampling october to november 2022. Primary study Pacheco2022: Pacheco, A. S., Goodman, H. D., Hankenson, L., Fisk, J. J., Ortiz, A., Marinace, H. M., ...  Tng, D. Y. P. (2022). Fighting fire with food: Assessing the flammability of crop plant species for building fire resilient agroforestry systems. in review, preprint.","plantPart":"shoot","original":"Pacheco2022","edition":"Dryad version 9","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3","documentDate":"2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","accessedOn":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z"}],"flammabilityClass":"mixed-evidence","ratingReason":"limited-evidence","recommendation":"candidate","author":"grayson-graham","reviewStatus":"draft","lastVerified":"2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z","reviewNotes":"FLAMITS measurements are retained as non-voting evidence; the database publishes no cross-variable directional threshold."},"localAssessmentInputs":{"stateDistribution":["PR","VI"],"nativeStates":[],"rangeAssertions":[{"relation":"introduced","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["PR"],"regions":["TDWG level 1 8 — SOUTHERN AMERICA","TDWG level 2 81 — Caribbean","TDWG level 3 PUE — Puerto Rico"]},"occurrenceStatus":"present","presenceStatus":"extant","source":"wcvp-v16","sourceVersion":"16","asOf":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"},{"relation":"documented-occurrence","geography":{"grain":"state","stateCodes":["PR","VI"]},"provenance":"legacy-field"}],"usdaZoneMin":"8b","usdaZoneMax":null,"hardinessAssertions":[{"minimum":"8b","interpretation":"minimum-threshold","precision":"half-zone","zoneMapping":"derived-containing-band","sourceMeasurement":{"kind":"minimum-temperature","value":17,"unit":"degrees-fahrenheit"},"applicability":"applicable","source":"usda-plants-characteristics","sourceRecordId":"ANMU2","sourceTaxon":"Annona muricata","taxonMatch":"source-identifier","sourcePlacement":"PlantCharacteristics record 71478, Temperature, Minimum (°F)","sourceVersion":"PLANTS Help Document 2022; characteristics cache retrieved 2026-08-23","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"}],"hardinessSelection":{"status":"selected","assertion":{"minimum":"8b","interpretation":"minimum-threshold","precision":"half-zone","zoneMapping":"derived-containing-band","sourceMeasurement":{"kind":"minimum-temperature","value":17,"unit":"degrees-fahrenheit"},"applicability":"applicable","source":"usda-plants-characteristics","sourceRecordId":"ANMU2","sourceTaxon":"Annona muricata","taxonMatch":"source-identifier","sourcePlacement":"PlantCharacteristics record 71478, Temperature, Minimum (°F)","sourceVersion":"PLANTS Help Document 2022; characteristics cache retrieved 2026-08-23","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"},"assertions":[{"minimum":"8b","interpretation":"minimum-threshold","precision":"half-zone","zoneMapping":"derived-containing-band","sourceMeasurement":{"kind":"minimum-temperature","value":17,"unit":"degrees-fahrenheit"},"applicability":"applicable","source":"usda-plants-characteristics","sourceRecordId":"ANMU2","sourceTaxon":"Annona muricata","taxonMatch":"source-identifier","sourcePlacement":"PlantCharacteristics record 71478, Temperature, Minimum (°F)","sourceVersion":"PLANTS Help Document 2022; characteristics cache retrieved 2026-08-23","asOf":"2026-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","provenance":"cited"}]},"invasiveIn":[{"state":"HI","status":"invasive-reported","source":"us-riis"}],"statusAssertions":[{"status":"invasive","channel":"ecological","geography":{"grain":"aggregate-region","regions":["HI"]},"source":"us-riis-v2","sourceRecordId":"USRIIS-HI-Plantae867","sourceVersion":"2.0 (November 2022)","asOf":"2022-10-23T00:00:00.000Z","sourceModified":"2021-08-09T00:00:00.000Z","sourceTaxon":{"name":"Annona muricata","rank":"species","rawRank":"Species"},"sourceDesignation":{"code":"D2","label":"invasive (category D2)"},"associatedReferences":["Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER)a, http://www.hear.org/pier/species/annona_muricata.htm"],"taxonProjection":{"basis":"exact-taxon","notes":"exact source identifier, rank, family, and scientific/accepted name"},"provenance":"cited"}],"fireEvidenceClass":"mixed-evidence","recommendation":"candidate","fireSourceScopes":[],"firePerformanceConditions":[],"maintenanceAssertions":[],"maintenanceConditions":null,"regulatoryReviews":{},"seedReviews":{}},"legacyCompatibilityProjection":{"nativeStates":[],"invasiveIn":[{"state":"HI","status":"invasive-reported","source":"us-riis-v2"}],"usdaZoneMin":"8b"},"localAssessmentContract":"Compare each dimension separately. State noxious-weed seed designations are material-scoped and never become non-seed plant restrictions, ecological-invasive findings, nursery restrictions, alternatives, product evidence, or fire votes. Introduced/established context is not an invasive warning. Minimum-only hardiness has no inferred maximum; canonical source-temperature conversion is validated and contradictory applicable rows project no primary zone. L48 context applies only to conterminous states and is never exact-state status. Fire-performance conditions are not maintenance advice. FEIS fire-ecology context does not vote in the plant classification. Absence of a status row is not regulatory clearance."}